Java中的Instanceof 和 类型转换

instanceof:
System.out.println(X instanceof Y);
能不能编译通过，取决于XY有没有父子关系

父类：

public class Person {
    
}

子类1：

public class Student extends Person{
    
}

子类2：

public class Teacher extends Person{
    
}

主函数：

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //Object > Person > Student
        //Object > Person > Teacher
        //Object > String
        Object object = new Student();

        //System.out.println(X instanceof Y); 能不能编译通过，取决于XY有没有父子关系

        System.out.println(object instanceof Student);//ture
        System.out.println(object instanceof Person);//ture
        System.out.println(object instanceof Object);//ture
        System.out.println(object instanceof Teacher);//false
        System.out.println(object instanceof String);//false

        System.out.println("=====================");

        Person person = new Student();

        System.out.println(person instanceof Student);//ture
        System.out.println(person instanceof Person);//ture
        System.out.println(person instanceof Object);//ture
        System.out.println(person instanceof Teacher);//false
        //System.out.println(person instanceof String); 编译报错

        System.out.println("=====================");

        Student student = new Student();

        System.out.println(student instanceof Student);//ture
        System.out.println(student instanceof Person);//ture
        System.out.println(student instanceof Object);//ture
        //System.out.println(student instanceof Teacher);编译报错
        //System.out.println(person instanceof String); 编译报错
    }

类型转换
类型转换 父 子
父类转子类，可以使用子类的方法
子类转父类，可能丢失一些方法

        //高       =>         低
       Person obj = new Student();

       // obj.go(); 报错
       Student student = (Student) obj;
       student.go();

       //or
       ((Student) obj).go();

注意点：

1. 父类引用指向子类对象
2. 把子类转换成父类，向上转型（不用强制转换）
3. 把父类转换成子类，向下转型，强制转换，会丢失一些方法
4. 方便方法调用，减少重复代码！简洁