Java 爪哇学习(六) 基础

泛型

class Student<T>{
  T id;
}
new Student<String> stu;

一般来说集合类里面用E，其他的用T

public class ArrayList<E> extends AbstractList<E>
        implements List<E>, RandomAccess, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable

？表示任意类型

Student<?> s = new Student();

Student<? surper String> s = new Student(); //给定的下界限 String —> Object 的范围

Student<? extends Student> s = new Student(); //上界限 是Student

Collections. Arrays 带s一般都是工具类

Collections.addAll(list,"ddd","jddjk");
Collections.shuffle(list);   //随机打乱
System.out.println(Collections.max(list));
//还有binarysearch。注意先sort

int[] arr = {9,8,3,5,2};
int[] copied = Arrays.copyOfRange(arr,1,7);

🌿🀄️：Stream。 是不是有点像C#🉐️Linq

//stream流
Stream<String> stream = list.stream();
Stream<String> stream1 = stream.filter(i -> i.startsWith("d"));
Stream<String> stream2 = stream1.limit(2);  //截取？
stream2.forEach(j-> System.out.println(j));


//链式表达式
list.stream().filter(i ->i.startsWith("d"))
            .limit(2)
            .forEach(j -> System.out.println(j));

• 集合类 Stream()

• Stream.of

• Arrays.Stream

Stream<String> stream3 = Stream.of("a1","b2","c2","c4d");
stream3.filter(s->s.startsWith("c"))
        .map(String::toUpperCase)
        .sorted()
        .forEach(System.out::println);

IO

字节流

字符流

FileInputStream in
FileOutputStream out

⚠️：缓冲区