Android fragment回退栈

前言

Activity切换时，是通过栈的形式，不断压栈出栈。对于fragment如果你不手动开启回退栈，它是直接销毁再重建，但如果将fragment任务添加到回退栈，情况就会不一样了，它就有了类似Activity的栈管理方式。

回顾

一、fragment回退栈方法简介

addToBackStack(tag); 将Fragment添加到回退栈中
popBackStack(); 清除回退栈中栈顶的Fragment
popBackStack(String tag, int i );

    如果i=0,回退到该tag所对应的Fragment层
    如果i=FragmentManager.POP_BACK_STACK_INCLUSIVE,回退到该tag所对应的Fragment的上一层

popBackStackImmediate 立即清除回退栈中栈顶Fragment
getBackStackEntryCount(); 获取回退栈中Fragment的个数
getBackStackEntryAt(int index) 获取回退栈中该索引值下的Fragment
举例：逐层退出回退栈效果代码的实现

public class AddFragmentActivity extends FragmentActivity implements MessageFragment.MessageListener {
    private FrameLayout mFrameLayout;
    private RadioGroup mRg;
    private RadioButton mRbHome;
    private RadioButton mRbCommunity;
    private RadioButton mRbMessage;
    private RadioButton mRbMe;
    private List<Fragment> mFragments = new ArrayList<>();
    private HomeFragment homeFragment;
    private CommunityFragment communityFragment;
    private MessageFragment messageFragment;
    private MeFragment meFragment;
    private FragmentManager mSupportFragmentManager;
    private FragmentTransaction mTransaction;
    private TextView mTvMain;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_fragment);
        mFrameLayout = findViewById(R.id.frameLayout);
        mRg = findViewById(R.id.rg_main);
        mRbHome = findViewById(R.id.rb_home);
        mRbCommunity = findViewById(R.id.rb_community);
        mRbMessage = findViewById(R.id.rb_message);
        mRbMe = findViewById(R.id.rb_me);
        mTvMain = findViewById(R.id.tv_main);
        initView();
   }

    private void initView() {
        mSupportFragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
        mTransaction = mSupportFragmentManager.beginTransaction();
        //设置默认选中首页
        mRg.check(R.id.rb_home);
        homeFragment = new HomeFragment();
        //创建Bundle对象，并存储数据
        Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
        bundle.putString("home", "Home");
        homeFragment.setArguments(bundle);

        mFragments.add(homeFragment);
        hideOthersFragment(homeFragment, true, "homefragment");
        mRg.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new RadioGroup.OnCheckedChangeListener() {
            @Override
            public void onCheckedChanged(RadioGroup group, int checkedId) {
                switch (checkedId) {
                    case R.id.rb_home: //首页
                        hideOthersFragment(homeFragment, false, "homefragment");
                        break;
                    case R.id.rb_community: //发现
                        if (communityFragment == null) {
                            communityFragment = new CommunityFragment();
                            Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
                            bundle.putString("community", "Community");
                            communityFragment.setArguments(bundle);
                            mFragments.add(communityFragment);
                            hideOthersFragment(communityFragment, true, "communityfragment");
                        } else {
                            hideOthersFragment(communityFragment, false, "communityfragment");
                        }
                        communityFragment.sendMessage(new ICommuntyCallBack() {
                            @Override
                            public void getMessageFromCommunty(String community) {
                                mTvMain.setText(community);
                            }
                        });
                        break;
                    case R.id.rb_message: //信息
                        if (messageFragment == null) {
                            messageFragment = new MessageFragment();
                            Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
                            bundle.putString("message", "Message");
                            messageFragment.setArguments(bundle);
                            mFragments.add(messageFragment);
                            hideOthersFragment(messageFragment, true, "messagefragment");
                        } else {
                            hideOthersFragment(messageFragment, false, "messagefragment");
                        }
                        break;
                    case R.id.rb_me: //我的
                        if (meFragment == null) {
                            meFragment = new MeFragment();
                            Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
                            bundle.putString("me", "Me");
                            meFragment.setArguments(bundle);
                            mFragments.add(meFragment);
                            hideOthersFragment(meFragment, true, "mefragment");
                        } else {
                            hideOthersFragment(meFragment, false, "mefragment");
                        }
                        meFragment.sendMessage(new IMeCallBack() {
                            @Override
                            public void getMessageFromMe(String me) {
                                mTvMain.setText(me);
                            }
                        });
                        break;
                }
            }
        });
    }

    private void hideOthersFragment(Fragment showFragment, boolean add, String tag) {
        mTransaction = mSupportFragmentManager.beginTransaction();
        if (add) {
            mTransaction.add(R.id.frameLayout, showFragment, tag);
            //根据标记添加到回退栈
            mTransaction.addToBackStack(tag);
            Log.i("TAG", "当前添加的fragment是：" + tag);

        }

        for (Fragment fragment : mFragments) {
            if (showFragment.equals(fragment)) {
                mTransaction.show(fragment);
            } else {
                mTransaction.hide(fragment);
            }
        }

        mTransaction.commit();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
        if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) {
            int count = mSupportFragmentManager.getBackStackEntryCount();
            Log.i("TAG", "获取当前回退栈中fragment的个数是：" + count);
            if (count > 1) {
                mSupportFragmentManager.popBackStackImmediate();//回退一步清除回退栈中栈顶Fragment
                //获取当前退到了哪一个Fragment上，重新获取当前的Fragment回退栈中的个数
                int currentCount = mSupportFragmentManager.getBackStackEntryCount() - 1;
                Log.i("TAG", "剩余fragment个数是：" + currentCount);
                FragmentManager.BackStackEntry backStackEntryAt = mSupportFragmentManager.getBackStackEntryAt(mSupportFragmentManager.getBackStackEntryCount()-1);
                String tag = backStackEntryAt.getName();
                Log.i("TAG", "当前栈顶的fragment：" + tag);
                if ("homefragment".equals(tag)) {
                    mRbHome.setChecked(true);
                } else if ("communityfragment".equals(tag)) {
                    mRbCommunity.setChecked(true);

                } else if ("messagefragment".equals(tag)) {
                    mRbMessage.setChecked(true);
                } else if ("mefragment".equals(tag)) {
                    mRbMe.setChecked(true);
                }
               //mSupportFragmentManager.popBackStackImmediate();//回退一步清除回退栈中栈顶Fragment
            } else {
                finish();//回退栈中只剩一个Fragment时，退出应用
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
}

退出其他所有的frament,只剩首页fragment:只需修改以下代码

  @Override
    public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
        if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) {
            int count = mSupportFragmentManager.getBackStackEntryCount();
            //回退栈中至少有多个Fragment，栈底部是首页
            if(count>1){
               while(mSupportFragmentManager.getBackStackEntryCount()>1){
                   mSupportFragmentManager.popBackStackImmediate();
                   //选中第一个界面
                   mRbHome.setChecked(true);
               }
            }else{
                finish();
            }
        return true;
    }

在当前的fragment，点击返回键，直接退出整个activity

 @Override
    public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
        if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) {
            for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
                mSupportFragmentManager.popBackStack();
                finish();
            }
        return true;
    }