base64编码原理

1、用buffer得到16进制

let buffer = Buffer.from('靖');
console.log(buffer);         // 0xe9 0x9d 0x96

2、16进制得到2进制(3*8)

console.log((0xe9).toString(2)) //11101001
console.log((0x9d).toString(2)) //10011101
console.log((0x96).toString(2)) //10010110

3、把3*8转为4*6，用00补位

00111010    00011001    00110110    00010110

4、新的二进制转为十进制

console.log(parseInt('00111010',2)) //58
console.log(parseInt('00011001', 2)) //25
console.log(parseInt('00110110', 2)) //54
console.log(parseInt('00010110', 2)) //22

5、得到base64编码

let base64Encoding = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/';
console.log(base64Encoding[58] + base64Encoding[25] + base64Encoding[54] + base64Encoding[22]);  // 6Z2W

备注：base64在线编码解码地址：http://tool.oschina.net/encrypt?type=3