jsp+servlet实现文件上传下载功能

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-19 14:49:55 发布

又酷又胖又帅

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-19 14:49:55 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_38052920/article/details/89451026

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jsp+servlet实现上传下载功能

1、新建项目，取名test
在这里插入图片描述
2、新建箭头所指两个文件（注意目录位置）
3、提示：UploadServlet.java文件是servlet文件，创建方式如图

4、配置web.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  <display-name>test</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>UploadServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>servlet.UploadServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>UploadServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/UploadServlet.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

5、测试配置成功
在UploadServlet.java文件中写入如下内容
在这里插入图片描述
index.jsp如下

（注意action的内容，就是web.xml中第四个标签的内容）

运行项目进行测试（建议IE浏览器测试，原因下文会提及）
在这里插入图片描述
点击提交，查看控制台输出
看到这个说明成功，继续下一步
6、获取流信息

//从request中获取流信息
				InputStream fileSource = request.getInputStream();
				String tempFileName = "D:/tempFile";
				//tempFile指向临时文件
				File tempFile = new File(tempFileName);
				//outputStream文件输出流指向临时文件
				FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(tempFile);
				byte b[] = new byte[1024];
				int n;
				while((n = fileSource.read(b)) != -1) {
					outputStream.write(b, 0, n);
				}
				//关闭输出流、输入流
				outputStream.close();
				fileSource.close();

在这里插入图片描述
进行测试
创建一个txt文件，内容随意，路径随意
我在桌面创建并且内容有英文和中文

启动项目

查看控制台是否报错

tempfile在D盘，我们去看一下记录了什么内容

上文提到使用IE浏览器，是因为我首先使用谷歌浏览器测试，发现filename=“test.txt”，而不是如图有路径，此外，若文件内容中文出现乱码，原因是保存没有存为utf-8
7、获取文件名称

//获取上传文件的名称
		RandomAccessFile randomFile = new RandomAccessFile(tempFile,"r");//设置只读
		randomFile.readLine();
		String str = randomFile.readLine();
		int beginIndex = str.lastIndexOf("\\") + 1;
		int endIndex = str.lastIndexOf("\"");
		//String filename = str.substring(beginIndex, endIndex);
		String filename = new String(str.substring(beginIndex,endIndex).getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
		System.out.println("filename:" + filename);

在这里插入图片描述
测试并查看控制台输出

8、获取文件起止位置

//重新定位指针到文件头
				randomFile.seek(0);
				long startPosition = 0;
				int i = 1;
				//获取文件内容开始位置
				while((n = randomFile.readByte()) != -1 && i <=4) {
					if(n == '\n') {
						startPosition = randomFile.getFilePointer();
						i++;
					}
				}
				startPosition = startPosition - 1;
				
				//获取文件内容结束位置
				randomFile.seek(randomFile.length());
				long endPosition = randomFile.getFilePointer();
				int j = 1;
				while(endPosition >= 0 && j <= 2) {
					endPosition--;
					randomFile.seek(endPosition);
					if(randomFile.readByte() == '\n') {
						j++;
					}
				}
				endPosition = endPosition - 1;

在这里插入图片描述
9、保存文件

String realPath = getServletContext().getRealPath("/") + "testfile";
				File fileupload = new File(realPath);
				if(!fileupload.exists()) {
					fileupload.mkdir();
				}
				File saveFile = new File(realPath,filename);
				RandomAccessFile randomAccessFile = new RandomAccessFile(saveFile,"rw");
				//从临时文件中读取文件内容(根据起止位置获取)
				randomFile.seek(startPosition);
				while(startPosition < endPosition) {
					randomAccessFile.write(randomFile.readByte());
					startPosition = randomFile.getFilePointer();
				}
				
				//关闭输入输出流，删除临时文件
				randomAccessFile.close();
				randomFile.close();
				tempFile.delete();
				
				request.setAttribute("result", "上传成功！");
				RequestDispatcher dispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher("./index.jsp");
				dispatcher.forward(request, response);

在这里插入图片描述
在index.jsp中修改（添加一个${result}）

测试

可以看到确实已经传过来了

内容也是有的
提示：
testfile文件夹创建在tomcat，即服务器中，而不是项目中，找不到的可以在workspace文件夹中搜索
若使用谷歌浏览器或别的浏览器（没试过别的浏览器）会出现如下文件，这是浏览器的原因所以上文推荐IE浏览器测试
在这里插入图片描述
目前只测试过上传txt文档和图片，txt文档正常，但图片上传会出现损坏，尚未解决，希望有大佬指出原因
下面上传三个文件的代码
web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  <display-name>test</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>UploadServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>servlet.UploadServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>UploadServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/UploadServlet.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%  
String path = request.getContextPath();  
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";  
%> 
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="UploadServlet.do" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
       请选择文件：<input id="myfile" name="myfile" type="file"/>
  <input type="submit" value="提交"/>${result}
</form>
</body>
</html>

UploadServlet.java

package servlet;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;

import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class UploadServlet
 */
@WebServlet("/UploadServlet")
public class UploadServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
       
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
     */
    public UploadServlet() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		doPost(request, response);
	}

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("已接收到请求");
		
		//从request中获取流信息
				InputStream fileSource = request.getInputStream();
				String tempFileName = "D:/tempFile";
				//tempFile指向临时文件
				File tempFile = new File(tempFileName);
				//outputStream文件输出流指向临时文件
				FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(tempFile);
				byte b[] = new byte[1024];
				int n;
				while((n = fileSource.read(b)) != -1) {
					outputStream.write(b, 0, n);
				}
				//关闭输出流、输入流
				outputStream.close();
				fileSource.close();
				
				//获取上传文件的名称
				RandomAccessFile randomFile = new RandomAccessFile(tempFile,"r");//设置只读
				randomFile.readLine();
				String str = randomFile.readLine();
				int beginIndex = str.lastIndexOf("\\") + 1;
				int endIndex = str.lastIndexOf("\"");
				//String filename = str.substring(beginIndex, endIndex);
				String filename = new String(str.substring(beginIndex,endIndex).getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
				System.out.println("filename:" + filename);
				
				//重新定位指针到文件头
				randomFile.seek(0);
				long startPosition = 0;
				int i = 1;
				//获取文件内容开始位置
				while((n = randomFile.readByte()) != -1 && i <=4) {
					if(n == '\n') {
						startPosition = randomFile.getFilePointer();
						i++;
					}
				}
				startPosition = startPosition - 1;
				
				//获取文件内容结束位置
				randomFile.seek(randomFile.length());
				long endPosition = randomFile.getFilePointer();
				int j = 1;
				while(endPosition >= 0 && j <= 2) {
					endPosition--;
					randomFile.seek(endPosition);
					if(randomFile.readByte() == '\n') {
						j++;
					}
				}
				endPosition = endPosition - 1;
				
				//设置保存上传文件的路径
				String realPath = getServletContext().getRealPath("/") + "testfile";
				File fileupload = new File(realPath);
				if(!fileupload.exists()) {
					fileupload.mkdir();
				}
				File saveFile = new File(realPath,filename);
				RandomAccessFile randomAccessFile = new RandomAccessFile(saveFile,"rw");
				//从临时文件中读取文件内容(根据起止位置获取)
				randomFile.seek(startPosition);
				while(startPosition < endPosition) {
					randomAccessFile.write(randomFile.readByte());
					startPosition = randomFile.getFilePointer();
				}
				
				//关闭输入输出流，删除临时文件
				randomAccessFile.close();
				randomFile.close();
				tempFile.delete();
				
				request.setAttribute("result", "上传成功！");
				RequestDispatcher dispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher("./index.jsp");
				dispatcher.forward(request, response);
				
	}

}

下载文件较简单，直接上代码
DownloadFile.java

package servlet;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class DownloadFile
 */
@WebServlet("/DownloadFile")
public class DownloadFile extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
       
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
     */
    public DownloadFile() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		//获取文件下载路径
		String path = getServletContext().getRealPath("/") + "file/";
		String filename = request.getParameter("filename");
		File file = new File(path + filename);
		if(file.exists()) {
			//设置相应类型 application/octet-stream
			response.setContentType("application/x-msdownload");
			//设置头信息
			response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=\"" + filename + "\"");
			InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
			ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();
			byte b[] = new byte[1024];
			int n;
			while((n = inputStream.read(b)) != -1) {
				outputStream.write(b, 0, n);
			}
			
			//关闭流，释放资源
			outputStream.close();
			inputStream.close();
			
		}else {
			request.setAttribute("errorResult", "文件不存在，下载失败");
			RequestDispatcher dispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher("./index.jsp");
			dispatcher.forward(request, response);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

index.jsp
在这里插入图片描述

下载：<a href="DownloadServlet.do?filename=test.txt">test.txt</a>${errorResult }

web.xml配置一下

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>DownloadServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>servlet.DownloadFile</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>DownloadServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/DownloadServlet.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

测试一下
在这里插入图片描述
（佛系点赞，只是因为在学习过程中看到许多不负责任的转载文章，深受其害，深恶痛绝，所以写下自己的学习过程，有图有说明）

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jsp+servlet实现文件上传下载功能

jsp+servlet实现上传下载功能1、新建项目，取名test2、新建箭头所指两个文件（注意目录位置）3、提示：UploadServlet.java文件是servlet文件，创建方式如图4、配置web.xml文件<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org...
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