ESP8266开发脱坑指南（一、设备上云）

 

今天来搞一个ESP8266连接阿里云项目，编译上传开发板成功后发现设备一直未成功激活上线，ESP8266连接上WIFI后有马上断开，在查看串口信息后发现

Connecting to MQTT Server ...
MQTT connect failed, error code:2
No need to try again.
{"id":"123","version":"1.0","method":"thing.event.property.post","params":{"LightSwitch":0}}


中文翻译：正在连接到MQTT服务器...MQTT连接失败，错误代码：2 ，不需要再试一次。

在提交工单后得到的回复是

阿里云工程师 ***** 号 :   

你好， 返回值2表示客户端标识符不正确， -4表示用户名或者密码错误。 请做以下检查：
1、先检查一下PubSubClient.h文件中定义的 MQTT_MAX_PACKET_SIZE的值， 最好要大于1024， MQTT_KEEPALIVE 大于60；
2、检查一下你的签名和接入参数的设置，可以参考文档

https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/73742.html?spm=a2c4g.11186623.6.650.3820619bBWPshh

 

一波操作之后终于把它“变绿”啦！

 

 

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                                     完整参考代码

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#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <ArduinoJson.h>
#include <aliyun_mqtt.h>

//定义LED灯
#define LED0 D0 

//初始化次态
int redLedState0 = 0;

//初始化现态
int last0 = 0;

//上云时间现态
unsigned long lastSend = 0;

//你的wifi
#define WIFI_SSID      "智定义科技提示您：此处填写WIFI名称"
#define WIFI_PASSWD    "智定义科技提示您：此处填写WIFI密码"

//阿里云三元组
#define PRODUCT_KEY    "智定义科技提示您：此处填写 PRODUCT KEY"
#define DEVICE_NAME    "智定义科技提示您：此处填写 DEVICE NAME"
#define DEVICE_SECRET  "智定义科技提示您：此处填写 DEVICE SECRET"

//订阅和发布时所需的主题
#define ALINK_BODY_FORMAT "{\"id\":\"123\",\"version\":\"1.0\",\"method\":\"%s\",\"params\":%s}"
#define ALINK_TOPIC_PROP_POST "/sys/" PRODUCT_KEY "/" DEVICE_NAME "/thing/event/property/post"
#define ALINK_TOPIC_PROP_POSTRSP "/sys/" PRODUCT_KEY "/" DEVICE_NAME "/thing/event/property/post_reply"
#define ALINK_TOPIC_PROP_SET "/sys/" PRODUCT_KEY "/" DEVICE_NAME "/thing/service/property/set"
#define ALINK_METHOD_PROP_POST "thing.event.property.post"

//创建WiFiClient实例
WiFiClient espClient;

//创建MqttClient实例
PubSubClient mqttClient(espClient);


//连接Wifi
void initWifi(const char *ssid, const char *password)
{
  WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);
  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);

  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED)
  {
    Serial.println("WiFi does not connect, try again ...");
    delay(3000);
  }

  Serial.println("Wifi is connected.");
  Serial.println("IP address: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
}


//监听云端下发指令并处理 
void callback(char *topic, byte *payload, unsigned int length)
{
     
    Serial.println();
    Serial.println();
    Serial.print("Message arrived [");
    Serial.print(topic);
    Serial.print("] ");
    Serial.println();
    //云端下发属性设置topic = "[/sys/a10PnXZBgsl/7L9EUbLv113EkYkF7fpD/thing/service/property/set]"

    payload[length] = '\0';
    Serial.println((char *)payload);
    //const char *payload = "{"method":"thing.service.property.set","id":"282860794","params":{"LightSwitch":1},"version":"1.0.0"}"


  if (strstr(topic, ALINK_TOPIC_PROP_SET))
    {
        //json解析payload
        StaticJsonBuffer<400> jsonBuffer;
        JsonObject &root = jsonBuffer.parseObject(payload);

        //判断json解析是否成功
        if (!root.success())
        {   
            Serial.println("parseObject() failed");
        } 
        else
        {
            Serial.println("parseObject() success");

            //redLedState0  = json解析后的"LightSwitch"的值
            redLedState0 = root["params"]["LightSwitch"];

            Serial.print(redLedState0);
            Serial.println(" set  sucess");
            Serial.println();
     
            Serial.print("LED0 State: ");
            Serial.println(redLedState0);
            digitalWrite(LED0, redLedState0);

        }
    }
}

//连接Mqtt订阅属性设置Topic
void mqttCheckConnect()
{
    bool connected = connectAliyunMQTT(mqttClient, PRODUCT_KEY, DEVICE_NAME, DEVICE_SECRET);

    if (connected)
    {
        Serial.println("MQTT connect succeed!");

        //订阅属性设置Topic
        mqttClient.subscribe(ALINK_TOPIC_PROP_SET); 
        Serial.println("subscribe done");
    }
}

// 上报属性Topic数据
void mqttIntervalPost()
{
    char param[256];
    char jsonBuf[512];
   
    sprintf(param, "{\"LightSwitch\":%d}", digitalRead(LED0));
    sprintf(jsonBuf, ALINK_BODY_FORMAT, ALINK_METHOD_PROP_POST, param);
    //jsonBuf = "{\"id\":\"123\",\"version\":\"1.0\",\"method\":\"thing.event.property.post\",\"params\":"\{\"LightSwitch\":%d}\"}"

    Serial.println(jsonBuf);

    mqttClient.publish(ALINK_TOPIC_PROP_POST, jsonBuf); 
}


void setup() 
{
    Serial.begin(115200);

    pinMode(LED0, OUTPUT); 
    digitalWrite(LED0, 0); 

    initWifi(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASSWD); 

    Serial.println();
    Serial.println();


    mqttCheckConnect(); //初始化首次链接
    mqttIntervalPost(); //上报初始化数据

    Serial.println();
    mqttClient.setCallback(callback); // 回调，监听云端下发指令，当ESP8266收到订阅Topic后调用callback函数
}


void loop()
{
  //每隔1s尝试连接一次云
  if (millis() - lastSend >= 10000)
    {
        mqttCheckConnect(); 
        lastSend = millis();
    }

    //判断三灯现态与次态的关系，减少无意义的上报  
    if (last0 != redLedState0)
    {
        last0 = redLedState0;
        
        mqttIntervalPost(); 
        Serial.println();
    }

    mqttClient.loop();
}