SpringData JPA

一、基本介绍   

Spring Data 项目的目的是为了简化构建基于 Spring 框架应用的数据访问技术，包括非关系数据库、 Map-Reduce 框架、云数据服务等等；另外也包含对关系数据库的访问支持。

• Spring Data 包含多个子项目：

二、整合SpringData JPA

1、pom.xml文件

<properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

2、全局配置文集application.yml

spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jpa?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=true&serverTimezone=UTC
    username: root
    password: 123456
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
  jpa:
    hibernate:
      #更新或者创建数据表结构
      ddl-auto: update
    #控制台显示SQL
    show-sql: true

3、实体类User.java

//使用JPA注解配置映射关系
@Entity //告诉JPA这是一个实体类（和数据表映射的类）
@Table(name = "tbl_user") //@Table来指定和哪个数据表对应;如果省略默认表名就是user；
@JsonIgnoreProperties(value = { "hibernateLazyInitializer"})
public class User {

    @Id //这是一个主键
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)//自增主键
    private Integer id;

    @Column(name = "last_name",length = 50) //这是和数据表对应的一个列
    private String lastName;

    @Column //省略默认列名就是属性名
    private String email;
}

4、UserRepository.java

//继承JpaRepository来完成对数据库的操作
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User,Integer> {
}

5、UserController.java

@RestController
public class UserController {

    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userRepository;

    @GetMapping("/user/{id}")
    public User getUser(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        User user = userRepository.getOne(id);
        return user;
    }

    @GetMapping("/user")
    public User insertUser(User user){
        User save = userRepository.save(user);
        return save;
    }
}

6、访问：http://localhost:8080/user/1

访问：http://localhost:8080/user?lastName=zhangsan&email=123@qq.com