@[TOC](D3.js树图tree 组织机构分布图(基于vue))
背景
前段时间接到一个需求，仿照企业查查->企业族谱 使用d3画出企业关系树图。这也是本人第一次接触d3.js，总体来说就是对数据进行操作，具体可自行网上学习，还需要具有一定svg基础。
开发中遇到的主要问题就是对各节点位置的设置，因为根节点是左右进行扩散，那针对左右两部分的根就要根据根节点所占长度进行调整，具体实现可见代码：
还有一点需要说明下，d3.js的各版本并非全面向下兼容，之前网上找的一些案例，本地运行时一直报各种错误，排查后发现是d3版本不一致造成。
本次树图是基于d3.v5.js版本实现，建议把js下载到本地使用。
案例:企业查查-》企业族谱：
实现结果
实现代码
HTML代码
<template>
<div class="seeTree-page">
<div id="treeRoot"></div>
</div>
</template>
js代码
<script>
let d3 = require('../static/js/d3.v5.js');
import {treeData} from '../constants';//数据源
export default {
data() {
return {
container: null,//容器svg>g
duration: 750,//动画持续时间
scaleRange: [.2, 4],//container缩放范围
direction: ['r', 'l'],//分为左右2个方向
centralPoint: [0, 0],//画布中心点坐标x,y
root: {r: {}, l: {}},//左右2块数据源
rootNodeLength: 0,//根节点名称长度
rootName: ["上海天正实业有限", "公司"],//根节点名称
textSpace: 15,//多行文字间距
themeColor: "#2196F3",//主色
nodeSize: [30, 100],//节点间距(高/水平)
fontSize: 12,//字体大小，也是单字所占宽高
rectMinWidth: 50,//节点方框默认最小，
textPadding: 5,//文字与方框间距,注：固定值5
circleR: 5,//圆圈半径
}
},
computed: {
treeMap() {//树布局
return d3.tree().nodeSize(this.nodeSize).separation((a, b) => {
let result = a.parent === b.parent && !a.children && !b.children ? 1 : 2;
if (result > 1) {
let length = 0;
length = a.children ? (length + a.children.length) : length;
length = b.children ? (length + b.children.length) : length;
result = length / 2 + 0.5;
}
return result;
});
},
},
mounted() {
this.treeInit();
},
methods: {
//随机数，用于绑定id
uuid() {
function s4() {
return Math.floor((1 + Math.random()) * 0x10000)
.toString(16)
.substring(1)
}
return (
s4() + s4() + '-' + s4() + '-' + s4() + '-' + s4() + '-' + s4() + s4() + s4()
)
},
//初始化
treeInit() {
const margin = {top: 0, right: 0, bottom: 0, left: 0};
const treeWidth = document.body.clientWidth - margin.left - margin.right;//tree容器宽
const treeHeight = document.body.clientHeight - margin.top - margin.bottom;//tree容器高
const centralY = treeWidth / 2 + margin.left;
const centralX = treeHeight / 2 + margin.top;
this.centralPoint = [centralX, centralY];//中心点坐标
//根节点字符所占宽度
this.rootNodeLength = this.rootName[0].length * this.fontSize + 30;
//svg标签
const svg = d3.select('#treeRoot').append('svg')
.attr('class', 'tree-svg')
.attr('width', treeWidth)
.attr('height', treeHeight)
.attr('font-size', this.fontSize)
.attr('fill', '#555');
//g标签
this.container = svg.append('g')
.attr('class', "container")
.attr('transform', `translate(${margin.left},${margin.top}) scale(1)`);
//画出根节点
this.drawRoot();
//指定缩放范围
const zoom = d3.zoom().scaleExtent(this.scaleRange).on('zoom', this.zoomFn);
//动画持续时间
this.container.transition().duration(this.duration).call(zoom.transform, d3.zoomIdentity);
svg.call(zoom);
//数据处理
this.dealData();
},
//初始化缩放方法
zoomFn() {
const zoom = d3.event.transform;
return this.container.attr('transform', zoom);
},
//数据处理
dealData() {
this.direction.forEach(item => {
this.root[item] = d3.hierarchy(treeData[item]);
this.root[item].x0 = this.centralPoint[0];//根节点x坐标
this.root[item].y0 = this.centralPoint[1];//根节点Y坐标
this.root[item].descendants().forEach(d => {
d._children = d.children;//添加_children属性，用于实现点击收缩及展开功能
d.id = item + this.uuid();//绑定唯一标识ID
});
this.update(this.root[item], item);
})
},
//画根节点
drawRoot() {
const title = this.container.append('g')
.attr('id', "rootTitle")
.attr("transform", `translate(${this.centralPoint[1]},${this.centralPoint[0]})`);
title.append('svg:rect')
.attr('class', "rootTitle")
.attr("y", 0)
.attr("x", -this.rootNodeLength / 2)
.attr("width", this.rootNodeLength)
.attr("height", 0)
.attr("rx", 5) //圆角
.style('fill', this.themeColor);
this.rootName.forEach((name, index) => {
title.append('text').attr('fill', 'white')
.attr('y', index * this.textSpace - 2)
.attr('text-anchor', 'middle')
.text(name);
let lineHeight = (index + 2) * this.textSpace;
//修改rootTitle rect 的高度
d3.select('#rootTitle rect').attr('height', lineHeight).attr('y', -lineHeight / 2);
});
},
//开始绘图
update(source, direction) {
const dirRight = direction === 'r' ? 1 : -1;//方向为右/左
const className = `${direction}gNode`;
const tree = this.treeMap(this.root[direction]);
const nodes = tree.descendants();//返回后代节点数组，第一个节点为自身，然后依次为所有子节点的拓扑排序
const links = tree.links();//返回当前 node 的 links 数组, 其中每个 link 定义了 source父节点, target 子节点属性。
nodes.forEach(d => {
//左右2部分，设置以中心点为圆点(默认左上角为远点)
d.y = dirRight * (d.y + this.rootNodeLength / 2) + this.centralPoint[1];
d.x = d.x + this.centralPoint[0];
});
//根据class名称获取左或者右的g节点，达到分块更新
const node = this.container.selectAll(`g.${className}`).data(nodes, d => d.id);
//新增节点，tree会根据数据内的children扩展相关节点
const nodeEnter = node.enter().append("g")
.attr('id', d => `g${d.id}`)
.attr('class', className)
.attr("transform", d => `translate(${source.y0},${source.x0})`)
.attr("fill-opacity", 0)
.attr("stroke-opacity", 0)
.on("click", (d) => {
d.depth !== 0 && this.clickNode(d, direction);//根节点不执行点击事件
});
nodeEnter.each(d => {
if (d.depth > 0) {//非根节点且无子节点
this.drawText(`g${d.id}`, dirRight);//画文本
if (d.data.value) {
this.drawTsText(`g${d.id}`);//画子文本
}
this.drawRect(`g${d.id}`, dirRight);//画方框
// this.drawFilter(`g${d.id}`);//画阴影
// d3.select(`#g${d.id} rect`).attr('stroke-width',15).attr('filter',`url(#fg${d.id})`);//给rect绑定阴影
}
if (d.depth > 0 && d._children) {//非根节点且有子节点
const width = Math.min(d.data.name.length * 14, this.rectMinWidth);
let right = dirRight > 0;//右为1，左为-1
let xDistance = right ? width : -width;
d3.select(`#g${d.id} rect`)
.attr('width', width)
.attr('x', right ? 0 : -width)
.style('fill', '#ffffff')
.style('stroke', '#ffffff');//修改rect属性
d3.select(`#g${d.id} text`)
.attr('text-anchor', right ? 'end' : 'start')
.attr('x', right ? xDistance - this.circleR : xDistance + this.circleR);//修改文本属性
this.drawCircle(`g${d.id}`);//画圆圈
d3.select(`#g${d.id} g`).attr('transform', `translate(${xDistance},0)`);//修改圆圈属性
}
});
// 更新节点：节点enter和exit时都会触发tree更新
const nodeUpdate = node.merge(nodeEnter).transition().duration(this.duration)
.attr("transform", d => `translate(${d.y - dirRight * this.rectMinWidth / 2},${d.x})`)
.attr("fill-opacity", 1)
.attr("stroke-opacity", 1);
// 移除节点:tree移除掉数据内不包含的节点(即，children = false)
const nodeExit = node.exit().transition().duration(this.duration).remove()
.attr("transform", d => `translate(${source.y},${source.x})`)
.attr("fill-opacity", 0)
.attr("stroke-opacity", 0);
// Update the links 根据 className来实现分块更新
const link = this.container.selectAll(`path.${className}`).data(links, d => d.target.id);
// Enter any new links at the parent's previous position.
//insert是在g标签前面插入，防止连接线挡住G节点内容
const linkEnter = link.enter().insert("path", 'g')
.attr('class', className)
.attr("d", d => {
const o = {x: source.x0, y: source.y0};
return this.diagonal({source: o, target: o});
})
.attr("fill", 'none')
.attr("stroke-width", 1)
.attr('stroke', '#dddddd');
// Transition links to their new position.
link.merge(linkEnter).transition().duration(this.duration).attr("d", this.diagonal);
// Transition exiting nodes to the parent's new position.
link.exit().transition().duration(this.duration).remove()
.attr("d", d => {
const o = {x: source.x, y: source.y};
return this.diagonal({source: o, target: o});
});
// Stash the old positions for transition.
this.root[direction].eachBefore(d => {
d.x0 = d.x;
d.y0 = d.y;
});
},
//画连接线
diagonal({source, target}) {
let s = source, d = target;
return `M ${s.y} ${s.x}
L ${(s.y + d.y) / 2} ${s.x},
L ${(s.y + d.y) / 2} ${d.x},
${d.y} ${d.x}`
},
//画文本
drawText(id, dirRight) {
dirRight = dirRight > 0;//右为1，左为-1
return d3.select(`#${id}`).append("text")
.attr('y', this.textPadding)
.attr("x", d => dirRight ? this.textPadding : -this.textPadding)
.attr('text-anchor', dirRight ? 'start' : 'end')
.style('font-size', this.fontSize)
.text(d => d.data.name);
},
//画子文本
drawTsText(id) {
return d3.select(`#${id} text`).append('tspan')
.attr('fill', d => this.getTsTextColor(d.parent.data.name))
.text(d => d.data.value)
},
//画方框阴影
drawFilter(id) {
return d3.select(`#${id}`).insert('defs', 'rect').append('filter')
.attr('id', `f${id}`).attr('x', 0).attr('y', 0).append('feGaussianBlur')
.attr('in', 'SourceGraphic').attr('stdDeviation', '5');
},
//画方框
drawRect(id, dirRight) {
let realw = document.getElementById(id).getBBox().width + 10;//获取g实际宽度后，设置rect宽度
return d3.select(`#${id}`).insert('rect', 'text')
.attr('x', dirRight > 0 ? 0 : -realw)
.attr('y', -this.textSpace + this.textPadding)
.attr("width", realw)
.attr("height", this.textSpace + this.textPadding)
.attr("rx", 2) //圆角
.style('stroke', d => this.getRectStorke(d.parent.data.name))
.style('fill', "#ffffff");
},
//画circle
drawCircle(id) {
let gMark = d3.select(`#${id}`).append('g')
.attr('class', 'node-circle')
.attr("stroke", "#ffa500")
.attr('stroke-width', 1);
gMark.append("circle")
.attr('fill', 'none')
.attr("r", d => d.depth === 0 ? 0 : this.circleR)//根节点不设置圆圈
.attr('fill', '#ffffff');
let padding = this.circleR - 2;
gMark.append('path').attr('d', `m -${padding} 0 l ${2 * padding} 0`);//横线
gMark.append('path')//竖线，根据展开/收缩动态控制显示
.attr('d', `m 0 -${padding} l 0 ${2 * padding}`)
.attr('stroke-width', 0)
.attr('class', 'node-circle-vertical');
return gMark
},
//点击某个节点
clickNode(d, direction) {
if (!d._children && !d.children) {//无子节点
return;
}
//根据当前节点是否有children来判断是展开还是收缩，true收缩，false展开
//tree会根据节点内是否有children来向下扩展
d.children = d.children ? null : d._children;
d3.select(`#g${d.id} .node-circle .node-circle-vertical`)
.transition().duration(this.duration)
.attr('stroke-width', d.children ? 0 : 1);//控制节点伸缩时的标识圆圈
this.update(d, direction);
},
//子文本颜色配置
getTsTextColor(name) {
switch (name) {
case '股东':
return 'darkgray';
case '供应商':
return '#FF9800';
case '合伙人':
return 'green';
default:
return 'black';
}
},
//末 节点 边框颜色
getRectStorke(name) {
switch (name) {
case '股东':
return 'green';
case '供应商':
return 'skyblue';
case '合伙人':
return '#FF9800';
default:
return 'gray';
}
},
//非空或null时返回“”
isNull(val) {
return val ? val : '';
},
}
}
</script>
style
<style lang="less" scoped>
.seeTree-page {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
background-color: white;
}
</style>
数据json constants.js
export const treeData = {
r: {
name: "",
children: [
{
name: "股东",
children: [
{name: "何少华", value: '[董事长,董事]'},
{name: "何少华", value: '[副董事长,董事]'},
{name: "何少华", value: '[董事,副行长]'},
{name: "何少华", value: '[董事]'},
{name: "何少华", value: '[董事]'},
{name: "何少华", value: '[董事]'},
]
}, {
name: "供应商",
children: [
{name: "福德生命人寿保险股份有限公司-万能H", value: `[4.33%]`},
{name: "福德生命人寿保险股份有限公司-万能H", value: `[4.33%]`},
{name: "绍兴"}
]
},
{
name: "合伙人",
children:
[
{name: "何少华", value: '[董事长,董事]'},
{name: "何少华", value: '[副董事长,董事]'},
]
}
]
},
l: {
name: "",
children: [
{
name: "合伙人",
children:
[
{name: "何少华", value: '[董事]'},
{name: "何少华", value: '[董事]'},
{name: "何少华", value: '[董事]'},
]
},
{
name: "合作公司",
children: [
{
name: "绍兴2",
value: 100,
children: [{name: "绍兴2221"}, {name: "绍兴2222"}, {name: "绍兴2223"}, {name: "绍兴2224"}, {name: "绍兴2221"}, {name: "绍兴2222"}, {name: "绍兴2223"}, {name: "绍兴2224"}, {name: "绍兴2221"}, {name: "绍兴2222"}, {name: "绍兴2223"}, {name: "绍兴2224"}]
},
{
name: "宁波2",
value: 100,
children: [{
name: "绍兴333",
children: [{name: "绍兴3221"}, {name: "绍兴3222"}, {name: "绍兴3223"}, {name: "绍兴3224"}, {name: "绍兴3221"}, {name: "绍兴3222"}, {name: "绍兴3223"}, {name: "绍兴3224"}]
}]
},
{name: "温州"},
{name: "绍兴"}
]
}
]
}
}
总结
本次接触d3也是受益匪浅，它借助 SVG, Canvas 以及 HTML 将你的数据生动的展现出来. D3 结合了强大的可视化交互技术以及数据驱动 DOM 的技术结合起来, 让你可以借助于现代浏览器的强大功能自由的对数据进行可视化。1
以上代码都是基于遇到的具体需求场景进行开发，如有不好之处，可以评论区指出，大家共同进步~~~
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