敲代码日常犯下愚蠢错误系列。。大致就是写了个循环把字典当成元素append进列表后发现:每次append进列表一个临时字典的时候,之前添加进去的也会被覆盖,举例如下:
result = {'train':[]}
temp_item = {}
temp_list = []
false_sym = {}
casual = []
temp_list = ['咳嗽', '发烧', '头晕']
for j in list(combinations(temp_list, 2)):
#初始化
ex_list = []
ex_dict = {}
im_dict = {}
ex_list.extend(list(j))
im_list = list(set(temp_list) - set(ex_list))
# 列表转字典
for k in ex_list:
ex_dict[k] = True
for l in im_list:
im_dict[l] = True
temp_item['explicit_inform_slots'] = ex_dict
temp_item['implicit_inform_slots'] = im_dict
print('temp_item:', temp_item)
result['train'].append(temp_item)
print('result in this step:', result)
print(result)
输出如下:
temp_item: {'explicit_inform_slots': {'咳嗽': True, '发烧': True}, 'implicit_inform_slots': {'头晕': True}}
result in this step: {'train': [{'explicit_inform_slots': {'咳嗽': True, '发烧': True}, 'implicit_inform_slots': {'头晕': True}}]}
temp_item: {'explicit_inform_slots': {'头晕': True, '咳嗽': True}, 'implicit_inform_slots': {'发烧': True}}
result in this step: {'train': [{'explicit_inform_slots': {'头晕': True, '咳嗽': True}, 'implicit_inform_slots': {'发烧': True}}, {'explicit_inform_slots': {'头晕': True, '咳嗽': True}, 'implicit_inform_slots': {'发烧': True}}]}
temp_item: {'explicit_inform_slots': {'头晕': True, '发烧': True}, 'implicit_inform_slots': {'咳嗽': True}}
result in this step: {'train': [{'explicit_inform_slots': {'头晕': True, '发烧': True}, 'implicit_inform_slots': {'咳嗽': True}}, {'explicit_inform_slots': {'头晕': True, '发烧': True}, 'implicit_inform_slots': {'咳嗽': True}}, {'explicit_inform_slots': {'头晕': True, '发烧': True}, 'implicit_inform_slots': {'咳嗽': True}}]}
{'train': [{'explicit_inform_slots': {'头晕': True, '发烧': True}, 'implicit_inform_slots': {'咳嗽': True}}, {'explicit_inform_slots': {'头晕': True, '发烧': True}, 'implicit_inform_slots': {'咳嗽': True}}, {'explicit_inform_slots': {'头晕': True, '发烧': True}, 'implicit_inform_slots': {'咳嗽': True}}]}
可以发现每一步更新的临时字典项temp_item是没问题的,但是每一步更新的需要的字典项result却是有问题的:更新后的result的每一项都变了当前append进去的temp_item的无脑重复。其实这是 因为字典在python中是一个对象,所以这里的temp_item实际上是一个指向当前字典对象的指针,而不是单纯的对象内容。纠错并不困难,每一步append时加一个 拷贝操作即可:
result = {'train':[]}
temp_item = {}
temp_list = []
false_sym = {}
casual = []
temp_list = ['咳嗽', '发烧', '头晕']
for j in list(combinations(temp_list, 2)):
#初始化
ex_list = []
ex_dict = {}
im_dict = {}
ex_list.extend(list(j))
im_list = list(set(temp_list) - set(ex_list))
# 列表转字典
for k in ex_list:
ex_dict[k] = True
for l in im_list:
im_dict[l] = True
temp_item['explicit_inform_slots'] = ex_dict
temp_item['implicit_inform_slots'] = im_dict
print('temp_item:', temp_item)
result['train'].append(temp_item.copy()) #添加拷贝操作!!!
print('result in this step:', result)
print(result)
得到了想要的结果:
temp_item: {'explicit_inform_slots': {'发烧': True, '咳嗽': True}, 'implicit_inform_slots': {'头晕': True}}
result in this step: {'train': [{'explicit_inform_slots': {'发烧': True, '咳嗽': True}, 'implicit_inform_slots': {'头晕': True}}]}
temp_item: {'explicit_inform_slots': {'头晕': True, '咳嗽': True}, 'implicit_inform_slots': {'发烧': True}}
result in this step: {'train': [{'explicit_inform_slots': {'发烧': True, '咳嗽': True}, 'implicit_inform_slots': {'头晕': True}}, {'explicit_inform_slots': {'头晕': True, '咳嗽': True}, 'implicit_inform_slots': {'发烧': True}}]}
temp_item: {'explicit_inform_slots': {'头晕': True, '发烧': True}, 'implicit_inform_slots': {'咳嗽': True}}
result in this step: {'train': [{'explicit_inform_slots': {'发烧': True, '咳嗽': True}, 'implicit_inform_slots': {'头晕': True}}, {'explicit_inform_slots': {'头晕': True, '咳嗽': True}, 'implicit_inform_slots': {'发烧': True}}, {'explicit_inform_slots': {'头晕': True, '发烧': True}, 'implicit_inform_slots': {'咳嗽': True}}]}
{'train': [{'explicit_inform_slots': {'发烧': True, '咳嗽': True}, 'implicit_inform_slots': {'头晕': True}}, {'explicit_inform_slots': {'头晕': True, '咳嗽': True}, 'implicit_inform_slots': {'发烧': True}}, {'explicit_inform_slots': {'头晕': True, '发烧': True}, 'implicit_inform_slots': {'咳嗽': True}}]}