一、简介
一款强大,灵活的网页解析库。
二、使用
初始化
字符串初始化
html="""
<div>
<ul>
<li class="item-0">first item</li>
<li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
<li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
<li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
<li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
"""
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
doc = pq(html)
print(doc('li'))
URL初始化
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
doc = pq(url="http://www.baidu.com")
print(doc('head'))
文件初始化
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
doc = pq(filename='demo.html')
print(doc('li'))
基本CSS选择器
html="""
<div id="container">
<ul class="list">
<li class="item-0">first item</li>
<li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
<li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
<li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
<li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
"""
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
doc = pq(html)
print(doc('#container .list li'))
查找元素
子元素
html="""
<div id="container">
<ul class="list">
<li class="item-0">first item</li>
<li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
<li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
<li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
<li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
"""
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
doc = pq(html)
items = doc(".list")
print(type(items))
print(items)
lis = items.find("li")
print(type(lis))
print(lis)
lis = items.children()
print(type(lis))
print(lis)
lis = items.children('.active')
print(lis)
父元素
html="""
<div id="container">
<ul class="list">
<li class="item-0">first item</li>
<li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
<li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
<li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
<li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
"""
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
doc = pq(html)
items = doc(".list")
container = items.parent()
print(type(container))
print(container)
html="""
<div class="wrap>
<div id="container">
<ul class="list">
<li class="item-0">first item</li>
<li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
<li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
<li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
<li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div>
"""
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
doc = pq(html)
items = doc(".list")
parents = items.parents()
print(type(parents))
print(parents)
parent = items.parent(".wrap")
print(parent)
兄弟元素
html="""
<div class="wrap>
<div id="container">
<ul class="list">
<li class="item-0">first item</li>
<li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
<li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
<li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
<li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div>
"""
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
doc = pq(html)
li = doc(".list .item-0.active")
print(li.siblings())
html="""
<div class="wrap>
<div id="container">
<ul class="list">
<li class="item-0">first item</li>
<li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
<li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
<li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
<li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div>
"""
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
doc = pq(html)
li = doc(".list .item-0.active")
print(li.siblings(".active"))
遍历
单个元素
html="""
<div class="wrap>
<div id="container">
<ul class="list">
<li class="item-0">first item</li>
<li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
<li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
<li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
<li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div>
"""
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
doc = pq(html)
li = doc(".item-0.active")
print(li)
html="""
<div class="wrap>
<div id="container">
<ul class="list">
<li class="item-0">first item</li>
<li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
<li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
<li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
<li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div>
"""
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
doc = pq(html)
lis = doc("li").items()
print(type(lis))
for li in lis: #遍历
print(li)
获取信息
获取属性
html="""
<div class="wrap>
<div id="container">
<ul class="list">
<li class="item-0">first item</li>
<li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
<li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
<li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
<li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div>
"""
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
doc = pq(html)
a = doc(".item-0.active a")
print(a)
print(a.attr("href"))
print(a.attr.href)
获取文本
html="""
<div class="wrap>
<div id="container">
<ul class="list">
<li class="item-0">first item</li>
<li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
<li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
<li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
<li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div>
"""
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
doc = pq(html)
a = doc(".item-0.active a")
print(a)
print(a.text())
获取HTML
html="""
<div class="wrap>
<div id="container">
<ul class="list">
<li class="item-0">first item</li>
<li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
<li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
<li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
<li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div>
"""
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
doc = pq(html)
li = doc(".item-0.active")
print(li)
print(li.html())
DOM操作
addClass,removeClass
html="""
<div class="wrap>
<div id="container">
<ul class="list">
<li class="item-0">first item</li>
<li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
<li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
<li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
<li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div>
"""
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
doc = pq(html)
li = doc(".item-0.active")
print(li)
li.removeClass('active')
print(li)
li.addClass('active')
print(li)
attr,css
html="""
<div class="wrap>
<div id="container">
<ul class="list">
<li class="item-0">first item</li>
<li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
<li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
<li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
<li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div>
"""
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
doc = pq(html)
li = doc(".item-0.active")
print(li)
li.attr('name','link')
print(li)
li.css('font-size','14px')
print(li)
remove
html = """
<div class="wrap">
Hello,World
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
</div>
"""
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
doc = pq(html)
wrap = doc(".wrap")
print(wrap.text())
wrap.find('p').remove()
print(wrap.text())
其他DOM方法
http://pyquery.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api.html
伪类选择器
html="""
<div class="wrap>
<div id="container">
<ul class="list">
<li class="item-0">first item</li>
<li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
<li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
<li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
<li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div>
"""
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
doc = pq(html)
li = doc("li:first-child")
print(li)
li = doc("li:last-child")
print(li)
li = doc("li:nth-child(2)")
print(li)
li = doc("li:gt(2)")
print(li)
li = doc("li:nth-child(2n)")
print(li)
li = doc("li:contains(second)")
print(li)
CSS选择器可以查看:
http://www.w3school.com.cn/css/index.asp
官方文档: http://pyquery.readthedocs.io