现在项目基本上都是使用https来进行访问,保障一定的安全性能。
而以前的方式都是在tomcat上面配置ssl,但是现在流量上去了,一台服务器已经不满足使用了,需要使用多个服务来分流访问。
我们这里就来聊聊nginx分发并启用https访问的相关内容。
先简单了说说nginx的安装。
1、安装nginx依赖包
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake make
yum -y install zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel
2、下载tar包
你可以选择先下好,放到服务器上面去,也可以在线下载,我使用的在线下载
cd /usr/local
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.13.7.tar.gz
3、解压
tar -zxvf nginx-1.13.7.tar.gz
4、创建安装目录
mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx
5、设置安装配置
cd nginx-1.13.7/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
6、安装
make && make install
在上面我们就安装了nginx的服务,但是怎样我们是使用不了https的,我们需要安装ssl模块
结果如下图:
7、安装ssl模块
cd /usr/local/nginx-1.13.7/
./configure --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
make
cp -rf ./objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
这里的复制一定要注意,要拷贝objs/nginx目录下的文件,盖到原来的sbin目录下,不要复制错了,导致nginx物件被篡改。这样我们整个nginx就全部安装完成。
下面我们看下,启用nginx ssl的配置怎么修改,其他的配置全部默认。
#user nobody;
#开启线程数,一般与cpu核心数相同
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
#此处为单线程最大连接数,一般设置为8972,需要保证cpu占用不要太高
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
#能够减少文件数据从内核态到用户态间的多次拷贝,提升数据发送效率。建议开启
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
#集群配置,给两台tomcat分发请求
upstream 127.0.0.1 {
server localhost:8090 weight=2;
server localhost:8091 weight=1;
}
server {
listen 80; #监听80端口
listen 443 ssl; #默认开放443为ssl监听端口
server_name localhost;
#秘钥文件可以在申请ca证书的时候,选择下载nginx版本的
ssl_certificate /ts/keystore/******.crt; #此处为ca整数文件,也可以是.pem文件
ssl_certificate_key /ts/keystore/******.key; #此处为秘钥文件
#下面配置默认就好
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
ssl_session_timeout 5m;
ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
#charset koi8-r;
charset utf-8;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
#proxy_next_upstream http_502 error timeout invalid_header;
location / {
#nginx转发设置请求头,不然tomcat获取到的请求都是nginx发出
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
root html;
proxy_set_header HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
index index.html index.htm;
#此处的127.0.0.1要同upstream一致
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}
这样整个nginx ssl的配置就完成。不过需要注意的是,nginx默认给tomcat发送的请求是http的,而在tomcat中做重定向时,会使用http请求,这样就走不了nginx的https了。解决方案有多种,详情请见下一篇nginx https分发后,tomcat重定向问题处理