【JAVA】Java的File文件常见操作

忽然发现 对文件基本操作有些生疏了，特此记录一些基本用法。

一：首先是基本定义的内容

• 这边的FilePathName也是可以不用这种指定的形式的，详细用法见 五。

 String FileNamePath = "E:\\ideaWorkspace\\testStreamFileHere\\a.txt";
 File file = new File(FileNamePath);
 File file1 = new File("E:" + File.separator + "ideaWorkspace" + File.separator + "testStreamFileHere" + File.separator + "b.txt");

二：FileReader方式读取txt文件

FileReader fileReader = new FileReader(file);
char[] b = new char[1024];
int len = fileReader.read(b);
fileReader.close();
System.out.println("长度："+len);
System.out.println(new String(b,0,len));

三：FileInputStream方式读取txt文件

InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
byte[] b = new byte[1024];
int len = inputStream.read(b);
inputStream.close();
System.out.println("长度："+len);
System.out.println(new String(b,0,len));

四：向已有文件后添加新的内容

try (
	BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(file1.getCanonicalFile(), true));
	BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file1.getCanonicalFile()));
) {
	bufferedWriter.write("我是增加的内容。");
	//为证明添加成功，现在读取出来
	String str;
	while ((str = reader.readLine()) != null) {
	System.out.println(str);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
	System.err.println("操作失败！");
}

五：FileOutputStream方式复制文件，以及删除文件

File ff = null;
String rootPath = new File("").getCanonicalPath();
System.out.println("项目所在的路径：" + rootPath);
String txtName = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-", "").substring(0, 8);
try (
        FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
        FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(txtName + ".txt");
) {
    int index = 0;
    while ((index = inputStream.read()) != -1) {
        outputStream.write(index);
    }
    System.out.println("模拟此处对文件进行其他操作========>");
} catch (Exception e) {
    System.out.println("复制文件失败,操作失败！");
} finally {
    System.out.println("操作结束,开始删除=========>");
    try {
        ff = new File(rootPath + File.separator + txtName + ".txt");
        Files.delete(ff.toPath());
        System.out.println("删除成功！" + ff.toPath().toString());
    } catch (Exception e) {
        System.out.println("删除失败！" + ff.toPath().toString());
    }
    System.out.println("=====================================补充几种获取路径的方式========================================");
    System.out.println("第一种获取当前类所在工程路径：" + System.getProperty("user.dir"));
    System.out.println("第二种获取用户主目录：" + System.getProperty("user.home"));
    System.out.println("第三种获取当前工程的系统缓存临时目录：" + System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir"));
}

六：创建临时文件，在虚拟机正常关闭后自动删除

File temp = File.createTempFile("superman", ".temp");
temp.deleteOnExit();
int index = -1;
try (
        BufferedWriter out = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(temp));
) {
    out.write("临时文件---------------------");
    out.write("dwadawdawdawd");
} catch (IOException e) {
    System.err.println("写入失败！");
} finally {
    try (
            FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(temp);
    ) {
        byte[] bb = new byte[2048];
        index = inputStream.read(bb);
        System.out.println(new String(bb, 0, index));
    } catch (IOException ee) {
        System.out.println("读取失败！");
    }
}
System.out.println("临时文件目录(文件可能已被删除)：" + temp.getCanonicalPath());