环境
springboot、mybatisPlus、mysql8
mysql8(部署在1核2G的服务器上,很卡,所以下面的数据条数用5000,太大怕不是要等到花儿都谢了 0.0)
原始的for循环入库
@Service
@Slf4j
public class MoreTestServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<MoreTestMapper, MoreTestEntity> implements MoreTestService {
@Override
@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public Object doTest() {
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
List<MoreTestEntity> entityList = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 5000; i++) {
MoreTestEntity entity = new MoreTestEntity();
entity.setId((long) i);
entity.setA(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setB(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setC(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setD(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setE(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setF(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setG(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setH(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setI(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setJ(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setK(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entityList.add(entity);
//在循环中入库
baseMapper.insert(entity);
}
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.err.println(end - start);
return end - start;
}
}
共耗时:180121 ms
批量保存操作
@Service
@Slf4j
public class MoreTestServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<MoreTestMapper, MoreTestEntity> implements MoreTestService {
@Override
@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public Object doTest() {
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
List<MoreTestEntity> entityList = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 5000; i++) {
MoreTestEntity entity = new MoreTestEntity();
entity.setId((long) i);
entity.setA(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setB(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setC(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setD(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setE(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setF(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setG(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setH(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setI(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setJ(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setK(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entityList.add(entity);
}
//mybatisPlus提供的批量保存方法,数字代表每几条数据提交一次事务,默认1000
saveBatch(entityList, 1000);
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.err.println(end - start);
return end - start;
}
}
耗时时间:87217ms
在批量插入的基础上使用多线程
@Service
@Slf4j
public class MoreTestServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<MoreTestMapper, MoreTestEntity> implements MoreTestService {
@Override
@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public Object doTest() throws InterruptedException {
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
//手动创建线程池,注意你 数据库连接池的 允许连接数量,别超过了就行。
ThreadPoolExecutor poolExecutor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(
5,
5,
30,
TimeUnit.SECONDS,
new LinkedBlockingDeque<>(10),
//isDaemon 设置线程是否是守护线程,true的话,主线程结束,new的线程就不会继续工作
new NamedThreadFactory("执行线程", false),
(r, executor) -> System.out.println("拒绝" + r));
List<MoreTestEntity> entityList = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 5000; i++) {
MoreTestEntity entity = new MoreTestEntity();
entity.setId((long) i);
entity.setA(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setB(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setC(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setD(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setE(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setF(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setG(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setH(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setI(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setJ(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setK(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entityList.add(entity);
}
//拆分list,将其拆分成5份,然后上面线程池创建也是5个核心线程,刚好执行
List<List<MoreTestEntity>> partition = ListUtils.partition(entityList, 1000);
//使用CountDownLatch保证所有线程都执行完成
CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(5);
partition.forEach(item -> {
poolExecutor.execute(() -> {
saveBatch(item, 1000);
latch.countDown();
});
});
latch.await();
// 也可以这么写,设定超时时间
//latch.await(100,TimeUnit.SECONDS);
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.err.println(end - start);
//关闭线程池
poolExecutor.shutdown();
return end - start;
}
}
耗时时间: 28235
可见时间从180秒,缩短到了28秒,但是@Transactional对于多线程是控制不了所有的事务的。
Spring实现事务的原理是通过ThreadLocal把数据库连接绑定到当前线程中,同一个事务中数据库操作使用同一个jdbc connection,新开启的线程获取不到当前jdbc connection。
如下代码:
partition.forEach(item -> {
poolExecutor.execute(() -> {
saveBatch(item, 1000);
latch.countDown();
//让每个都报错
int i = 1/0;
});
});
控制台打印:
Exception in thread "执行线程5" java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
at com.kusch.ares.service.impl.MoreTestServiceImpl.lambda$null$1(MoreTestServiceImpl.java:68)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:750)
Exception in thread "执行线程2" java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
at com.kusch.ares.service.impl.MoreTestServiceImpl.lambda$null$1(MoreTestServiceImpl.java:68)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:750)
Exception in thread "执行线程4" java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
at com.kusch.ares.service.impl.MoreTestServiceImpl.lambda$null$1(MoreTestServiceImpl.java:68)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:750)
Exception in thread "执行线程1" java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
at com.kusch.ares.service.impl.MoreTestServiceImpl.lambda$null$1(MoreTestServiceImpl.java:68)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:750)
Exception in thread "执行线程3" 30179
java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
at com.kusch.ares.service.impl.MoreTestServiceImpl.lambda$null$1(MoreTestServiceImpl.java:68)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:750)
可见5个线程都报错了,但是去查询数据库,却可以查询到5000条数据,这是不应该出现的情况。
处理多线程入库的事务问题
@Service
@Slf4j
public class MoreTestServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<MoreTestMapper, MoreTestEntity> implements MoreTestService {
@Resource
private DataSourceTransactionManager dataSourceTransactionManager;
@Resource
private TransactionDefinition transactionDefinition;
@Override
//此处手动管理事务的提交后,这个注解就可以去掉了
// @Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public Object doTest() {
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
//手动创建线程池,注意你 数据库连接池的 允许连接数量,别超过了就行。
ThreadPoolExecutor poolExecutor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(
5,
5,
30,
TimeUnit.SECONDS,
new LinkedBlockingDeque<>(10),
//isDaemon 设置线程是否是守护线程,true的话,主线程结束,new的线程就不会继续工作
new NamedThreadFactory("执行线程", false),
(r, executor) -> System.out.println("拒绝" + r));
List<MoreTestEntity> entityList = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
MoreTestEntity entity = new MoreTestEntity();
entity.setId((long) i);
entity.setA(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setB(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setC(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setD(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setE(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setF(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setG(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setH(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setI(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setJ(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setK(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entityList.add(entity);
}
//拆分list,将其拆分成5份,然后上面线程池创建也是5个核心线程,刚好执行
List<List<MoreTestEntity>> partition = ListUtils.partition(entityList, 10);
//使用CountDownLatch保证所有线程都执行完成
CountDownLatch sonLatch = new CountDownLatch(5);
//主线程的 肯定为1
CountDownLatch mainLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
AtomicBoolean hasError = new AtomicBoolean(false);
partition.forEach(item -> {
poolExecutor.execute(() -> {
doSave(item, sonLatch, hasError, mainLatch);
});
});
try {
//此处应该是用try catch 包裹着主线程的所有业务代码,以此保证主线程中任何一处报错都可以通知子线程
//这里加一个是为了调试主线程中的数据入库操作
MoreTestEntity entity = new MoreTestEntity();
entity.setId((long) 99999);
entity.setA(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setB(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setC(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setD(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setE(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setF(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setG(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setH(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setI(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setJ(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
entity.setK(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
save(entity);
//主线程报错
int i = 10 / 0;
sonLatch.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
hasError.set(true);
e.printStackTrace();
}
mainLatch.countDown();
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.err.println(end - start);
//关闭线程池
if (!poolExecutor.isShutdown()) {
poolExecutor.shutdown();
}
return end - start;
}
/**
* 包装后的子线程的保存代码
*
* @param entityList 要保存的集合
* @param sonLatch 子线程 CountDownLatch
* @param hasError 是否发生错误
* @param mainLatch 主线程 CountDownLatch
*/
private void doSave(List<MoreTestEntity> entityList,
CountDownLatch sonLatch,
AtomicBoolean hasError,
CountDownLatch mainLatch) {
TransactionStatus transactionStatus = dataSourceTransactionManager.getTransaction(transactionDefinition);
try {
// //子线程报错
// int i = 10 / 0;
saveBatch(entityList);
} catch (Throwable throwable) {
throwable.printStackTrace();
hasError.set(true);
} finally {
//这是必须的,每个子线程走完,要让主线程继续走,然后再回到子线程的每个任务,决定是提交还是回滚
sonLatch.countDown();
}
try {
//等待主线程的执行结束
mainLatch.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
hasError.set(true);
}
//事务操作
if (hasError.get()) {
dataSourceTransactionManager.rollback(transactionStatus);
} else {
dataSourceTransactionManager.commit(transactionStatus);
}
}
}
分别放开子线程报错和主线程报错,会发现事务都可以正常回滚,达到了预期的效果。
主要思路就是通过子线程CountDownLatch和主线程CountDownLatch,控制线程好代码的执行顺序即可。
最后补充几点:
- 上述代码中的countDown()一旦出现不执行的情况那会导致线程堵塞堆积,所以建议给await()增加超时时间
- 这样操作可能还会出现问题,比如主线程通知子线程可以进行实务操作了,但是各个子线程之间非透明,所以还是有几率存在某个子线程事务回滚失败的情况。