Java.time常见使用
小知识
- LocalDateTime:
java.time.LocalDateTime
类表示ISO-8601
日历系统中没有时区的日期时间,例如2007-12-03T10:15:30
。表示与时区无关的日期和时间信息,不直接对应时刻,需要通过时区转换. - Instant:
java.time.Instant
类在时间线上模拟单个瞬时点。不直接对应年月日信息,需要通过时区转换. - LocalDate:
java.time.LocalDate
类表示ISO-8601
日历系统中没有时区的日期,例如:2007-12-03
表示与时区无关的日期,与LocalDateTime相比,只有日期信息,没有时间信息. - LocalTime:
java.time.LocalTime
类表示ISO-8601
日历系统中没有时区的时间,例如10:15:30
表示与时区无关的时间,与LocalDateTime相比,只有时间信息,没有日期信息. - ZonedDateTime:
java.time.ZonedDateTime
类表示ISO-8601
日历系统中具有时区的日期时间,例如:2007-12-03T10:15:30+01:00 Europe/Paris
.表示特定时区的日期和时间. - ZoneId/ZoneOffset:时区.
LocalDate
LocalDate todayDate = LocalDate.now();
System.out.println("获取今天的日期:" + todayDate);
LocalDate targetDay = LocalDate.of(2099, 12, 12);
System.out.println("获取指定的日期:" + targetDay);
System.out.println("格式化:" + targetDay.format(DateTimeFormatter.BASIC_ISO_DATE));
LocalDate feb = LocalDate.of(2099, 8, 12);
System.out.println(feb.withYear(2019));
System.out.println(feb.withDayOfYear(10));
System.out.println(feb.withDayOfMonth(10));
LocalDate stringDate = LocalDate.parse("20990202",DateTimeFormatter.BASIC_ISO_DATE);
System.out.println("从标准格式的字符串获取日期:" + stringDate);
System.err.println("不是标准的格式就会报错:" + LocalDate.parse("2099-2-2"));
Period until = LocalDate.of(2021, 4, 22).until(LocalDate.of(2022, 8, 15));
System.out.println(until);
System.out.println(until.get(ChronoUnit.YEARS));
System.out.println(until.get(ChronoUnit.MONTHS));
System.out.println(until.get(ChronoUnit.DAYS));
LocalDate firstDayOfThisMonth = LocalDate.now().with(TemporalAdjusters.firstDayOfMonth());
System.out.println("获取当前月份的第一天:" + firstDayOfThisMonth);
LocalDate secondDayOfThisMonth = LocalDate.now().withDayOfMonth(2);
System.out.println("获取当前月份的第二天:" + secondDayOfThisMonth);
LocalDate lastDayOfThisMonth = LocalDate.now().with(TemporalAdjusters.lastDayOfMonth());
System.out.println("获取当前月份的最后一天(不需要管该月有几天):" + lastDayOfThisMonth);
LocalDate afterLastDayOfThisMonth = lastDayOfThisMonth.plusDays(1);
System.out.println("获取当前月份最后一天的下一天:" + afterLastDayOfThisMonth);
LocalDate firstMondayOf2099 = LocalDate.parse("2099-12-12").with(TemporalAdjusters.firstInMonth(DayOfWeek.MONDAY));
System.out.println("获取2099年的第一个月的第一个星期一:" + firstMondayOf2099);
boolean isLeapYear = LocalDate.now().isLeapYear();
System.out.println("判断是闰年吗:"+ isLeapYear);
LocalTime
LocalTime now = LocalTime.now();
System.out.println("获取当前时间,它是包含毫秒的:" + now);
LocalTime nowWithoutNano = LocalTime.now().withNano(0);
System.out.println("一般情况不需要毫秒:" + nowWithoutNano);
LocalTime customTime = LocalTime.of(05, 20, 0);
System.out.println("创建一个时间:" + customTime);
LocalTime praseTime = LocalTime.parse("05:20:00");
System.out.println("按照标准格式创建一个时间:" + praseTime);
System.out.println("要按照标准格式来,不然报错。时间和日期不同,它有三种格式:1. " + LocalTime.parse("05:20")
+ " 2. " + LocalTime.parse("05:20:20") + " 3. " + LocalTime.parse("05:20:20.123"));
LocalTime nowTimePlus2Hour = LocalTime.now().plusHours(2);
LocalTime nowTimePlus2Hour2 = LocalTime.now().plus(2, ChronoUnit.HOURS);
System.out.println("时间增加2小时:" + nowTimePlus2Hour + " 《====》 " + nowTimePlus2Hour2);
System.out.println(LocalTime.now().compareTo(LocalTime.now().plusHours(10)));
LocalDateTime
LocalDateTime localDateTime = LocalDateTime.now();
LocalDateTime plusYearsResult = localDateTime.plusYears(2L);
LocalDateTime plusMonthsResult = localDateTime.plusMonths(3L);
LocalDateTime plusDaysResult = localDateTime.plusDays(7L);
LocalDateTime plusHoursResult = localDateTime.plusHours(2L);
LocalDateTime plusMinutesResult = localDateTime.plusMinutes(10L);
LocalDateTime plusSecondsResult = localDateTime.plusSeconds(10L);
System.out.println("当前时间是 : " + localDateTime + "\n"
+ "当前时间加2年后为 : " + plusYearsResult + "\n"
+ "当前时间加3个月后为 : " + plusMonthsResult + "\n"
+ "当前时间加7日后为 : " + plusDaysResult + "\n"
+ "当前时间加2小时后为 : " + plusHoursResult + "\n"
+ "当前时间加10分钟后为 : " + plusMinutesResult + "\n"
+ "当前时间加10秒后为 : " + plusSecondsResult + "\n"
);
LocalDateTime nextMonth = localDateTime.plus(1, ChronoUnit.MONTHS);
LocalDateTime nextYear = localDateTime.plus(1, ChronoUnit.YEARS);
LocalDateTime nextWeek = localDateTime.plus(1, ChronoUnit.WEEKS);
System.out.println("now : " + localDateTime + "\n"
+ "nextYear : " + nextYear + "\n"
+ "nextMonth : " + nextMonth + "\n"
+ "nextWeek :" + nextWeek + "\n"
);
LocalDateTime from = LocalDateTime.of(2017, Month.JANUARY, 1, 00, 0, 0);
LocalDateTime to = LocalDateTime.of(2019, Month.SEPTEMBER, 12, 14, 28, 0);
Duration duration = Duration.between(from, to);
long days = duration.toDays();
long hours = duration.toHours();
long minutes = duration.toMinutes();
long seconds = duration.getSeconds();
long milliSeconds = duration.toMillis();
long nanoSeconds = duration.toNanos();
System.out.println(LocalDateTime.of(2021, Month.DECEMBER, 8, 10, 59, 59));
System.out.println(to);
System.out.println(days);
DateTimeFormatter dateTimeFormatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy年MM月dd日 HH:mm:ss");
String date2Str = dateTimeFormatter.format(LocalDateTime.now());
System.out.println(date2Str);
DateTimeFormatter dtf1 = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
String temp = dtf1.format(LocalDateTime.now());
LocalDateTime formatedDateTime = LocalDateTime.parse(temp, dtf1);
System.out.println(formatedDateTime);
System.out.println("---------long毫秒值转换为日期---------");
DateTimeFormatter df= DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
long timeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(timeMillis);
Instant instant = Instant.ofEpochMilli(timeMillis);
System.out.println(instant);
LocalDateTime localDateTime = LocalDateTime.ofInstant(instant, ZoneId.of("Asia/Shanghai"));
System.out.println(localDateTime);
String longToDateTime = df.format(localDateTime);
System.out.println(longToDateTime);
Instant start = Instant.now().plusMillis(TimeUnit.HOURS.toMillis(8));
System.out.println(start);
ZonedDateTime
Set<String> availableZoneIds = ZoneId.getAvailableZoneIds();
System.out.println(availableZoneIds.size());
ZoneId defZoneId = ZoneId.systemDefault();
System.out.println(defZoneId);
ZoneId shanghaiZoneId = ZoneId.of("Asia/Shanghai");
System.out.println(shanghaiZoneId);
String shanghai = ZoneId.SHORT_IDS.get("CTT");
System.out.println(shanghai);
Map<String, String> map = ZoneId.SHORT_IDS;
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : map.entrySet()) {
System.out.println(entry.getKey()+"===="+entry.getValue());
}
ZonedDateTime.now();
ZonedDateTime.of(2017, 1, 1, 12, 0, 0, 0, ZoneId.of("Asia/Shanghai"));
System.out.println(ZonedDateTime.ofInstant(Instant.now(), ZoneId.of("UTC")));
ZonedDateTime zonedDateTimeUTC = LocalDateTime.now().atZone(ZoneId.of("UTC"));
System.out.println(zonedDateTimeUTC);
ZonedDateTime.of(LocalDateTime.now(), ZoneId.of("UTC"));
ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime = ZonedDateTime.of(LocalDateTime.now(), ZoneId.of("Asia/Shanghai"));
System.out.println(zonedDateTime);
System.out.println(zonedDateTime.withZoneSameLocal(ZoneId.of("UTC")));
System.out.println(zonedDateTime.withZoneSameInstant(ZoneId.of("UTC")));
Clock
Clock clock = Clock.systemUTC();
System.out.println("Clock : " + clock.millis());
Clock defaultClock = Clock.systemDefaultZone();
System.out.println("Clock : " + defaultClock.millis());
时区转换的一个栗子
String dateTimeStr1 = "2021-05-05T22:48:52+0800";
String dateTimeStr2 = "2021-05-05T22:48:52+0700";
ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime1 =
ZonedDateTime.parse(dateTimeStr1, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ssZ"));
System.out.println(zonedDateTime1);
ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime2 =
ZonedDateTime.parse(dateTimeStr2, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ssZ"));
System.out.println(zonedDateTime2);
ZonedDateTime losAngelesZonedDateTime1 =
zonedDateTime1.withZoneSameInstant(ZoneId.of("America/Los_Angeles"));
System.out.println(losAngelesZonedDateTime1);
ZonedDateTime losAngelesZonedDateTime2 =
zonedDateTime2.withZoneSameInstant(ZoneId.of("America/Los_Angeles"));
System.out.println(losAngelesZonedDateTime2);
ZonedDateTime result = zonedDateTime1.withZoneSameLocal(ZoneId.of("Asia/Shanghai"));
System.out.println(result);