oracle rman 单机备份异机恢复

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-30 12:21:59 发布

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本文详细介绍了如何在Oracle 11g环境中进行异机恢复，包括源主机和恢复主机的配置信息，涉及控制文件备份、数据文件、归档日志的恢复，以及数据库名修改、监听文件更新等关键步骤，旨在帮助数据库管理员完成数据库的完整迁移和恢复。

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oracle异机恢复

前提

源主机信息

版本: oracle 11g
实例: orcl
端口: 1521
备份内容:

数据文件
控制文件
启动文件
归档日志

备份控制文件trace : alter database backup controlfile to trace as "/backup/contro.trace";

备份文件:

/backup/
- initorcl.ora
- dataFile
  - arch_h3133g3o_1_1_ORCL_20220720_1110556792
  - arch_h4133g3o_1_1_ORCL_20220720_1110556792
  - arch_h5133g4h_1_1_ORCL_20220720_1110556817
  - ctl_h6133g4i_1_1_ORCL_20220720_1110556818
  - db_data_D-ORCL_I-1615444244_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-2_gv133g3d.dbf
  - db_data_D-ORCL_I-1615444244_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-1_h0133g3d.dbf
  - db_data_D-ORCL_I-1615444244_TS-UNDOTBS1_FNO-3_h1133g3k.dbf
  - db_data_D-ORCL_I-1615444244_TS-USERS_FNO-4_h2133g3k.dbf

恢复主机

版本 oracle 11g
实例: han
端口: 1521
挂载目录:

/fcdmOracle
- init.ora
- dataFile
  - arch_h3133g3o_1_1_ORCL_20220720_1110556792
  - arch_h4133g3o_1_1_ORCL_20220720_1110556792
  - arch_h5133g4h_1_1_ORCL_20220720_1110556817
  - ctl_h6133g4i_1_1_ORCL_20220720_1110556818
  - db_data_D-ORCL_I-1615444244_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-2_gv133g3d.dbf
  - db_data_D-ORCL_I-1615444244_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-1_h0133g3d.dbf
  - db_data_D-ORCL_I-1615444244_TS-UNDOTBS1_FNO-3_h1133g3k.dbf
  - db_data_D-ORCL_I-1615444244_TS-USERS_FNO-4_h2133g3k.dbf

流程

目录权限

chown -R oracle:oinstall /fcdmOracle

修改启动文件

// 拷贝启动文件到目录
cp /fcdmOracle/init.ora  $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/inithan.ora
vim  $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/inithan.ora

han.__db_cache_size=1811939328
han.__java_pool_size=33554432
han.__large_pool_size=50331648
han.__oracle_base='/opt/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
han.__pga_aggregate_target=822083584
han.__sga_target=2466250752
han.__shared_io_pool_size=0
han.__shared_pool_size=536870912
han.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/opt/app/oracle/admin/han/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
*.control_files='/opt/app/oracle/oradata/han/control01.ctl','/opt/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/han/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/opt/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4385144832
*.diagnostic_dest='/opt/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orcltestXDB)'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=819986432
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=2459959296
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'


/// 注意 开始db_name 先别转换

创建目录

#  echo $ORACLE_BASE 
mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/han/adump
mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/han/
mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/fast_recovery_area/han

启动数据库到mount状态

su - oracle 
export ORACLE_SID=han
sqlplus / as sysdba 
startup nomount;

恢复控制文件

su - oracle
export ORACLE_SID=han
rman target /
restore controlfile from '/fcdmOracle/dataFile/ctl_ii13raoi_1_1_ORCL_20220729_1111337746';
alter database mount;


# 查看备份集
crosscheck backup;

# 注册备份集
catalog start with '/fcdmOracle/dataFile'; 

# 删除无效备份
-- 删除无效的备份信息
list backup;
list copy;
CROSSCHECK COPY;
CROSSCHECK BACKUP;
report obsolete;
delete expired copy;
delete expired BACKUP;
list backup;
list copy;
report schema;

修改redo文件

su - oracle
sqlplus / as sysdba

set linesize 400 pagesize 1000
col MEMBER for a60
select member from v$logfile;



select 'alter database rename file '||chr(39)||member||chr(39)||' to ' ||chr(39)|| '/fcdmOracle/han'||substr(member,instr(member,'/',-1))||chr(39)|| ';'  RENAME_REDO_FILE from v$logfile;

使用源库的全备进行恢复

su - oracle
export ORACLE_SID=han
rman target /
switch database to copy; 
exit;

修改数据库名

vim $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/inithan.ora
修改数据库名为新名称
db_name='han'

生成新实例的控制文件

export ORACLE_SID=han
sqlplus / as sysdba
shutdown immediate;
startup nomount;
-- 根据源库的信息重新创建控制文件 （重建控制文件，如下一定要使用SET DATABASE参数 ）
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE SET DATABASE "han" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
    MAXLOGFILES 16
    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
    MAXDATAFILES 100
    MAXINSTANCES 8
    MAXLOGHISTORY 292
    LOGFILE
   GROUP 1 '/fcdmOracle/oradata/han/redo01.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
   GROUP 2 '/fcdmOracle/oradata/han/redo02.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
   GROUP 3 '/fcdmOracle/oradata/han/redo03.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
   DATAFILE
   '/fcdmOracle/dataFile/db_data_D-ORCL_I-1615444244_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-2_ib13ranf.dbf',
   '/fcdmOracle/dataFile/db_data_D-ORCL_I-1615444244_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-1_ic13ranf.dbf',
   '/fcdmOracle/dataFile/db_data_D-ORCL_I-1615444244_TS-UNDOTBS1_FNO-3_id13rann.dbf',
   '/fcdmOracle/dataFile/db_data_D-ORCL_I-1615444244_TS-USERS_FNO-4_ie13ranp.dbf'
   CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8;

// 创建完成后已经mount
alter database mount;

#在新实例生成新的redo日志组
// 创建路径
mkdir -p /fcdmOracle/oradata/han/
alter database clear logfile group 1;
alter database clear logfile group 2;
alter database clear logfile group 3;

对目标库进行recover新实例恢复数据库,由于控制文件重建之后没有任何信息，需要重新注册catalog 才能进行数据的recover

rman target /
catalog start with '/fcdmOracle/dataFile';
recover database until SCN 6430800;
exit;

打开resetlogs

export ORACLE_SID=han
sqlplus / as sysdba
alter database open resetlogs;

创建临时表空间

select * from v$tempfile;
alter tablespace temp add tempfile '/fcdmOracle/dataFile/temp01.dbf' size 200m autoextend on next 10m maxsize 10g;
select name from v$datafile;

为新实例数据库创建spfile

create spfile from pfile;
select name from v$datafile;
shutdown immediate;
startup;

修改监听文件

vim 


# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

TEST =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = providerBack)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = han)
    )
  )

test = (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.110.72)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = han)
    )
  )