Android事件分发机制
大部分摘自https://blog.csdn.net/carson_ho/article/details/54136311
基于安卓P的源码重新整理
话不多少先上最后整理的流程图（网上很多老图可能是版本老了都是错的，建议看照图对着源码看逻辑）
在这里插入图片描述
1 基础认知
1.1 什么是事件分发
点击事件（Touch事件）
定义：当用户触摸屏幕时（View或ViewGroup派生的控件），将产生的点击事件（Touch事件）
事件类型：
| 事件类型 | 具体动作 |
|---|---|
| MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN | 按下View（所有事件的开始） |
| MotionEvent.ACTION_UP | 抬起View（与DOWN对应） |
| MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE | 滑动View |
| MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL | 结束事件（非人为原因） |
从手指接触屏幕 至 手指离开屏幕，这个过程产生的一系列事件：
事件分发即当一个点击事件（MotionEvent）产生后，系统把这个事件传递给一个具体的 View 去处理的过程。
 |
1.2 事件传递的对象
Activity、ViewGroup、View
事件传递的顺序：Activity -> ViewGroup -> View
| 类型 | 简介 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|
| Activity | 控制生命周期&处理事件 | ·统筹视图的添加&显示 ·通过其他回调方法和Window、交互 |
| View | 所有UI组件的基类 | ·一般Button、TextView等控件都是继承父类View |
| ViewgRroup | 一个View的集合 | ·其本身也是View的子类 ·是安卓所有布局的父类：如LinearLayout等 ·区别与普通View:ViewGroup实际上也是一个View，只是多了可包含子View&定义布局参数的功能 |
1.3涉及的方法
| 方法 | 作用 | 调用时刻 |
|---|---|---|
| DispatchTouchEvent() | 分发（传递）点击事件 | 当点击事件能够传递给当前View时，该方法就会被调用 |
| onTouchEvent() | 处理点击事件 | 在DispatchTouchEvent()内部调用 |
| onInterceptTouchEvent() | 判断是否拦截了某个事件（只存在于VeiwGroup） | 在ViewGroup的DispatchTouchEvent()内部调用 |
1.4 小结
2 源码分析
2.1 Activity事件分发机制
/**
* 源码分析：Activity.dispatchTouchEvent（）
*/
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
// 一般事件列开始都是DOWN事件 = 按下事件，故此处基本是true
if (ev.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
onUserInteraction();
// ->>分析1
}
// ->>分析2
if (getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)) {
return true;
// 若getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)的返回true
// 则Activity.dispatchTouchEvent（）就返回true，则方法结束。即 ：该点击事件停止往下传递 & 事件传递过程结束
// 否则：继续往下调用Activity.onTouchEvent
}
// ->>分析4
return onTouchEvent(ev);
}
/**
* 分析1：onUserInteraction()
* 作用：实现屏保功能
* 注：
* a. 该方法为空方法
* b. 当此activity在栈顶时，触屏点击按home，back，menu键等都会触发此方法
*/
public void onUserInteraction() {
}
// 回到最初的调用原处
/**
* 分析2：getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)
* 说明：
* a. getWindow() = 获取Window类的对象
* b. Window类是抽象类，其唯一实现类 = PhoneWindow类；即此处的Window类对象 = PhoneWindow类对象 mWindow = new PhoneWindow(this, window, activityConfigCallback);
* c. Window类的superDispatchTouchEvent() = 1个抽象方法，由子类PhoneWindow类实现
*/
@Override
public boolean superDispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
return mDecor.superDispatchTouchEvent(event);
// mDecor = 顶层View（DecorView）的实例对象
// ->> 分析3
}
/**
* 分析3：mDecor.superDispatchTouchEvent(event)
* 定义：属于顶层View（DecorView）
* 说明：
* a. DecorView类是PhoneWindow类的一个内部类
* b. DecorView继承自FrameLayout，是所有界面的父类
public class DecorView extends FrameLayout
* c. FrameLayout是ViewGroup的子类，故DecorView的间接父类 = ViewGroup
*/
public boolean superDispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
return super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
// 调用父类的方法 = ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent()
// 即 将事件传递到ViewGroup去处理，详细请看ViewGroup的事件分发机制
}
// 回到最初的调用原处
/**
* 分析4：Activity.onTouchEvent（）
* 定义：属于顶层View（DecorView）
* 说明：
* a. DecorView类是PhoneWindow类的一个内部类
* b. DecorView继承自FrameLayout，是所有界面的父类
* c. FrameLayout是ViewGroup的子类，故DecorView的间接父类 = ViewGroup
*/
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
// 当一个点击事件未被Activity下任何一个View接收 / 处理时
// 应用场景：处理发生在Window边界外的触摸事件
// ->> 分析5
if (mWindow.shouldCloseOnTouch(this, event)) {
finish();
return true;
}
return false;
// 即 只有在点击事件在Window边界外才会返回true，一般情况都返回false，分析完毕
}
/**
* 分析5：mWindow.shouldCloseOnTouch(this, event)
*/
public boolean shouldCloseOnTouch(Context context, MotionEvent event) {
// 主要是对于处理边界外点击事件的判断：是否是DOWN事件，event的坐标是否在边界内等
if (mCloseOnTouchOutside && event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
&& isOutOfBounds(context, event) && peekDecorView() != null) {
return true;
}
return false;
// 返回true：说明事件在边界外，即 消费事件
// 返回false：未消费（默认）
}
// 回到分析4调用原处
activity
从上面的代码方可以看出Window就只起了个事件传递的作用Activity->Window->DecorView(ViewGroup)
图解：
2.2 ViewGroup事件的分发机制
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
·········
// Check是否拦截.
final boolean intercepted;
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
|| mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
if (!disallowIntercept) {
intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed
} else {
intercepted = false;
}
} else {
//没有触摸目标，并且此动作不是最初的，因此此视图组继续拦截触摸。
intercepted = true;
}
// 如果被拦截，则开始正常事件分发。 另外，如果已经有一个正在处理手势的视图，则进行常规事件调度。
if (intercepted || mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
}
//若被拦截则不执行下列部分
if (!canceled && !intercepted) {
final int childrenCount = mChildrenCount;
if (newTouchTarget == null && childrenCount != 0) {
final float x = ev.getX(actionIndex);
final float y = ev.getY(actionIndex);
// Find a child that can receive the event.
// Scan children from front to back.
final ArrayList<View> preorderedList = buildTouchDispatchChildList();
final boolean customOrder = preorderedList == null
&& isChildrenDrawingOrderEnabled();
final View[] children = mChildren;
for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
final int childIndex = getAndVerifyPreorderedIndex(
childrenCount, i, customOrder);
final View child = getAndVerifyPreorderedView(
preorderedList, children, childIndex);
// If there is a view that has accessibility focus we want it
// to get the event first and if not handled we will perform a
// normal dispatch. We may do a double iteration but this is
// safer given the timeframe.
//判断是否有可以处理此事件的child
if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != null) {
if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != child) {
continue;
}
childWithAccessibilityFocus = null;
i = childrenCount - 1;
}
//判断点击事件是否落在child的区域内或child已响应了事件
if (!canViewReceivePointerEvents(child)
|| !isTransformedTouchPointInView(x, y, child, null)) {
ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
continue;
}
//dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()中会调用child的dispatchtouchevent()将事件传递到child(子view)
if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign)) {
// Child wants to receive touch within its bounds.
mLastTouchDownTime = ev.getDownTime();
if (preorderedList != null) {
// childIndex points into presorted list, find original index
for (int j = 0; j < childrenCount; j++) {
if (children[childIndex] == mChildren[j]) {
mLastTouchDownIndex = j;
break;
}
}
} else {
mLastTouchDownIndex = childIndex;
}
mLastTouchDownX = ev.getX();
mLastTouchDownY = ev.getY();
//将此child加入newTouchTarget中
newTouchTarget = addTouchTarget(child, idBitsToAssign);
alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = true;
break;
}
// The accessibility focus didn't handle the event, so clear
// the flag and do a normal dispatch to all children.
ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
}
if (preorderedList != null) preorderedList.clear();
}
if (newTouchTarget == null && mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
// Did not find a child to receive the event.
// Assign the pointer to the least recently added target.
newTouchTarget = mFirstTouchTarget;
while (newTouchTarget.next != null) {
newTouchTarget = newTouchTarget.next;
}
newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
}
}
}
// Dispatch to touch targets.
if (mFirstTouchTarget == null) {
//当没有获取到可以处理此事件的child时返回super.dispatchTouchEvent(event)
// 调用ViewGroup父类的dispatchTouchEvent()，即View.dispatchTouchEvent()
// 因此会执行ViewGroup的onTouch() ->> onTouchEvent() ->> performClick（） ->> onClick()，即自己处理该事件，事件不会往下传递（具体请参考View事件的分发机制中的View.dispatchTouchEvent（））
handled = dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, canceled, null,
TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS);
} else {
// Dispatch to touch targets, excluding the new touch target if we already
// dispatched to it. Cancel touch targets if necessary.
TouchTarget predecessor = null;
TouchTarget target = mFirstTouchTarget;
while (target != null) {
final TouchTarget next = target.next;
if (alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget && target == newTouchTarget) {
handled = true;
} else {
··············
··············
·············
return handled;
}
//添加可以响应事件的child到mFirstTouchTarget中
private TouchTarget addTouchTarget(@NonNull View child, int pointerIdBits) {
final TouchTarget target = TouchTarget.obtain(child, pointerIdBits);
target.next = mFirstTouchTarget;
mFirstTouchTarget = target;
return target;
}
//将事件分发到响应的模块（child或ViewGroup）
private boolean dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(MotionEvent event, boolean cancel,
View child, int desiredPointerIdBits) {
final boolean handled;
// Canceling motions is a special case. We don't need to perform any transformations
// or filtering. The important part is the action, not the contents.
final int oldAction = event.getAction();
if (cancel || oldAction == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL) {
event.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);
if (child == null) {
//因为viewGroup继承View,所以就相当于调用了将事件交自身的onTouchEvent处理
handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
} else {
handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
}
event.setAction(oldAction);
return handled;
}
·······
//执行child的dispatchTouchEvent()
handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
2.3 View部分分发机制
super.dispatchTouchEvent() = view.dispatchTouchEvent(),代码如下
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
//check窗口是否被遮挡，详情见下个方法
if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(event)) {
if ((mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED && handleScrollBarDragging(event)) {
result = true;
}
//noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
if (li != null && li.mOnTouchListener != null
&& (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED
&& li.mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)) {
result = true;
}
//在这里调用了View.onTouchEvent()
if (!result && onTouchEvent(event)) {
result = true;
}
}
````````````````
return result;
}
上述代码中onFilterTouchEventForSecurity逻辑如下
public boolean onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(MotionEvent event) {
//noinspection RedundantIfStatement
if ((mViewFlags & FILTER_TOUCHES_WHEN_OBSCURED) != 0
&& (event.getFlags() & MotionEvent.FLAG_WINDOW_IS_OBSCURED) != 0) {
//如果窗口被遮挡那么就丢弃此次事件
return false;
}
return true;
}
//从代码逻辑上来看是此方法是用来防止快速点击后响应事件弹出window后再次弹出window
~~~
onTouchEvent逻辑
~~~Java
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
final boolean clickable = ((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE
|| (viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE)
|| (viewFlags & CONTEXT_CLICKABLE) == CONTEXT_CLICKABLE;
if ((viewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == DISABLED) {
if (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP && (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0) {
setPressed(false);
}
mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
//如果view被禁用了但是disable，那么事件被消费，但view不做任何响应
//如果view被禁用了且不能点击则返回clickable = false事件不被消费
return clickable;
}
//TOOLTIP:表示此视图可以在悬停或长按时显示工具提示
if (clickable || (viewFlags & TOOLTIP) == TOOLTIP) {
switch (action) {
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
if ((viewFlags & TOOLTIP) == TOOLTIP) {
handleTooltipUp();
}
if (!clickable) {
removeTapCallback();
removeLongPressCallback();
mInContextButtonPress = false;
mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
mIgnoreNextUpEvent = false;
break;
}
boolean prepressed = (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PREPRESSED) != 0;
if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0 || prepressed) {
// take focus if we don't have it already and we should in
// touch mode.
boolean focusTaken = false;
if (isFocusable() && isFocusableInTouchMode() && !isFocused()) {
focusTaken = requestFocus();
}
//prepressed指示在ACTION_DOWN与识别“真实”按下之间的短时间内处于预压状态。 Prepressed用于识别快速点击
if (prepressed) {
//在我们实际显示它被按下之前，该按钮已被释放。 现在（在安排点击之前）使其显示按下状态，以确保用户看到它。
setPressed(true, x, y);
}
if (!mHasPerformedLongPress && !mIgnoreNextUpEvent) {
if (!focusTaken) {
// Use a Runnable and post this rather than calling
// performClick directly. This lets other visual state
// of the view update before click actions start.
if (mPerformClick == null) {
mPerformClick = new PerformClick();
}
if (!post(mPerformClick)) {
performClickInternal();
}
}
}
````````````
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
if (event.getSource() == InputDevice.SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN) {
mPrivateFlags3 |= PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
}
mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
if (!clickable) {
checkForLongClick(0, x, y);
break;
}
if (performButtonActionOnTouchDown(event)) {
break;
}
// Walk up the hierarchy to determine if we're inside a scrolling container.
boolean isInScrollingContainer = isInScrollingContainer();
// For views inside a scrolling container, delay the pressed feedback for
// a short period in case this is a scroll.
if (isInScrollingContainer) {
mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_PREPRESSED;
if (mPendingCheckForTap == null) {
mPendingCheckForTap = new CheckForTap();
}
mPendingCheckForTap.x = event.getX();
mPendingCheckForTap.y = event.getY();
postDelayed(mPendingCheckForTap,ViewConfiguration.getTapTimeout());
} else {
// Not inside a scrolling container, so show the feedback right away
setPressed(true, x, y);
checkForLongClick(0, x, y);
}
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
if (clickable) {
setPressed(false);
}
removeTapCallback();
removeLongPressCallback();
mInContextButtonPress = false;
mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
mIgnoreNextUpEvent = false;
m - PrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
if (clickable) {
drawableHotspotChanged(x, y);
}
// Be lenient about moving outside of buttons
if (!pointInView(x, y, mTouchSlop)) {
// Outside button
// Remove any future long press/tap checks
removeTapCallback();
removeLongPressCallback();
if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0) {
setPressed(false);
}
mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
}
break;
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
会触发onclick的部分如下
private final class PerformClick implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
performClickInternal();
}
}
private boolean performClickInternal() {
// Must notify autofill manager before performing the click actions to avoid scenarios where
// the app has a click listener that changes the state of views the autofill service might
// be interested on.
//通知自动填充管理器
notifyAutofillManagerOnClick();
return performClick();
}
public boolean performClick() {
// We still need to call this method to handle the cases where performClick() was called
// externally, instead of through performClickInternal()
//从代码逻辑上看这里再次调用是为了防止直接调用performClick()导致未通知到AutofillManager
notifyAutofillManagerOnClick();
final boolean result;
final ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
if (li != null && li.mOnClickListener != null) {
playSoundEffect(SoundEffectConstants.CLICK);
li.mOnClickListener.onClick(this);
result = true;
} else {
result = false;
}
sendAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED);
notifyEnterOrExitForAutoFillIfNeeded(true);
return result;
}
ListenerInfo中存储了各种类型的Listener
static class ListenerInfo {
/**
* Listener used to dispatch focus change events.
* This field should be made private, so it is hidden from the SDK.
* {@hide}
*/
protected OnFocusChangeListener mOnFocusChangeListener;
/**
* Listeners for layout change events.
*/
private ArrayList<OnLayoutChangeListener> mOnLayoutChangeListeners;
protected OnScrollChangeListener mOnScrollChangeListener;
/**
* Listeners for attach events.
*/
private CopyOnWriteArrayList<OnAttachStateChangeListener> mOnAttachStateChangeListeners;
/**
* Listener used to dispatch click events.
* This field should be made private, so it is hidden from the SDK.
* {@hide}
*/
public OnClickListener mOnClickListener;
/**
* Listener used to dispatch long click events.
* This field should be made private, so it is hidden from the SDK.
* {@hide}
*/
protected OnLongClickListener mOnLongClickListener;
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｝
view.setonclicklistener()就是通过如下方法将响应存在了ListenerInfo对象中，在事件传递到该view时被调用
public void setOnClickListener(@Nullable OnClickListener l) {
if (!isClickable()) {
setClickable(true);
}
getListenerInfo().mOnClickListener = l;
}
图示：
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