Spring--事务管理

最新推荐文章于 2021-11-21 18:58:46 发布

_kooo

最新推荐文章于 2021-11-21 18:58:46 发布

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分类专栏： SSM主流框架入门与综合项目实战

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_38517206/article/details/90286457

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主要内容：

数据库表结构：

建表语句：

drop database if exists os;
create database os;
use os;
drop table if exists orders;

drop table if exists products;

/*==============================================================*/
/* Table: orders                                                */
/*==============================================================*/
create table orders
(
   id                   char(6) not null,
   products_id          char(6) not null,
   number               int,
   price                double,
   create_time          datetime,
   send_time            datetime,
   confirm_time         datetime,
   consignee            varchar(20),
   consignee_phone      char(11),
   consignee_address    varchar(100),
   status               varchar(10),
   primary key (id)
);

/*==============================================================*/
/* Table: products                                              */
/*==============================================================*/
create table products
(
   id                   char(6) not null,
   title                varchar(20),
   price                double,
   stock                int,
   status               varchar(10),
   primary key (id)
);

alter table orders add constraint FK_Reference_1 foreign key (products_id)
      references products (id) on delete restrict on update restrict;

insert into products values('100001','小米8',2699,100,'正常');
insert into products values('100002','小米8SE',1799,100,'正常');
insert into products values('100003','小米MIX2S',3299,100,'正常');
insert into products values('100004','小米手环3',199,100,'正常');

事务概念：

事务的特性：

MySQL数据处理：

测试：rollback

测试：commit

MySQL事务管理--事务并发问题：脏读、不可重复读、幻读

脏读解决方法：使得事务只能访问永久性的数据

不可重复读解决方法：在事务A操作某个记录的时候，不允许别的事务操作该记录

幻读解决方法：在事务A操作表的时候，进行锁表操作。不允许别的事务对该表进行操作

事务隔离级别：

JDBC事务处理：

测试代码：

package com.imooc.os.dao;

import org.junit.Test;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class OrderTest {
    private String driver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
    private String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/os?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8";
    private String userName = "root";
    private String password = "密码";

    @Test
    public void addOrder(){
        try {
            Class.forName(driver);
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        Connection connection = null;
        try {
            connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url,userName,password);
            //首先禁止自动封装提交
            connection.setAutoCommit(false);
            Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
            statement.execute("insert into orders values('100001','100001',2,2499,now(),null,null,'刘备','1330000000','成都','待发货')");
            statement.execute("update products set stock=stock-2 where id='100001'");
            statement.close();
            //手动提交
            connection.commit();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            try {
                //有异常则进行回滚
                connection.rollback();
            } catch (SQLException e1) {
                e1.printStackTrace();
            }
        }finally {
            try {
                connection.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

    }
}

JDBC事务处理--事务隔离级别：

Spring事务管理：

TransationDefinition接口：

Spring事务传播行为：

准备工作：引入依赖包、实现持久层、业务层接口的声明

引入依赖包：

        <!--    引入spring依赖jar包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.9</version>
        </dependency>

实现持久层并配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/os?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf-8"/>
        <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="密码"/>
    </bean>
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    </bean>
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.imooc.os.dao"/>
</beans>

业务层接口的声明：

Spring事务处理--基于底层API：

OrderServiceImpl:

package com.imooc.os.service.impl1;

import com.imooc.os.dao.OrderDao;
import com.imooc.os.dao.ProductDao;
import com.imooc.os.entity.Order;
import com.imooc.os.entity.Product;
import com.imooc.os.service.OrderService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionDefinition;
import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionStatus;
import org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate;

import java.util.Date;

@Service
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {

    @Autowired
    private OrderDao orderDao;
    @Autowired
    private ProductDao productDao;
    @Autowired
    private PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager;
    @Autowired
    private TransactionDefinition transactionDefinition;

    public void addOrder(Order order) {
        order.setCreateTime(new Date());
        order.setStatus("待付款");
        TransactionProxyFactoryBean transactionProxyFactoryBean;
        TransactionStatus transactionStatus = transactionManager.getTransaction(transactionDefinition);
        try {
            orderDao.insert(order);
            Product product = productDao.select(order.getProductsId());
            product.setStock(product.getStock() - order.getNumber());
            productDao.update(product);
            transactionManager.commit(transactionStatus);
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
            transactionManager.rollback(transactionStatus);
        }
    }
}

spring-service1.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.imooc.os.service.impl1"/>
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
    <bean id="transactionDefinition" class="org.springframework.transaction.support.DefaultTransactionDefinition">
        <property name="propagationBehaviorName" value="PROPAGATION_REQUIRED"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

测试代码：

package com.imooc.os.service;

import com.imooc.os.entity.Order;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring-service1.xml")
public class OrderTest {

    @Autowired
    private OrderService orderService;
    @Test
    public void testAddOrder(){
        Order order = new Order("100006","100002",2,1799,"","","");
        orderService.addOrder(order);
    }

}

输出结果：

Spring事务管理--基于TransactionTemplte:

package com.imooc.os.service.impl2;

import com.imooc.os.dao.OrderDao;
import com.imooc.os.dao.ProductDao;
import com.imooc.os.entity.Order;
import com.imooc.os.entity.Product;
import com.imooc.os.service.OrderService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionDefinition;
import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionStatus;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionCallback;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate;

import java.util.Date;

@Service
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {

    @Autowired
    private OrderDao orderDao;
    @Autowired
    private ProductDao productDao;
    @Autowired
    private TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate;

    public void addOrder(final Order order) {
        order.setCreateTime(new Date());
        order.setStatus("待付款");

        transactionTemplate.execute(new TransactionCallback() {
            public Object doInTransaction(TransactionStatus transactionStatus) {
                try {
                    orderDao.insert(order);
                    Product product = productDao.select(order.getProductsId());
                    product.setStock(product.getStock() - order.getNumber());
                    productDao.update(product);
                }catch (Exception e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    transactionStatus.setRollbackOnly();
                }
                return null;
            }
        });

    }
}

spring-service2.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.imooc.os.service.impl2"/>
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
    <bean id="transactionTemplate" class="org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate">
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

测试结果：

package com.imooc.os.service;

import com.imooc.os.entity.Order;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring-service2.xml")
public class OrderTest {

    @Autowired
    private OrderService orderService;
    @Test
    public void testAddOrder(){
        Order order = new Order("100007","100002",2,1799,"","","");
        orderService.addOrder(order);
    }

}

输出结果：

Spring事务管理--基于拦截器：

实现类：

package com.imooc.os.service.impl;

import com.imooc.os.dao.OrderDao;
import com.imooc.os.dao.ProductDao;
import com.imooc.os.entity.Order;
import com.imooc.os.entity.Product;
import com.imooc.os.service.OrderService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionDefinition;
import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionStatus;
import org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean;

import java.util.Date;

@Service
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {

    @Autowired
    private OrderDao orderDao;
    @Autowired
    private ProductDao productDao;

    public void addOrder(Order order) {
        order.setCreateTime(new Date());
        order.setStatus("待付款");

        orderDao.insert(order);
        Product product = productDao.select(order.getProductsId());
        product.setStock(product.getStock() - order.getNumber());
        productDao.update(product);

    }
}

配置代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
<!--    配置目标类 -->
    <bean id="orderServiceTarget" class="com.imooc.os.service.impl.OrderServiceImpl"/>
<!--    配置拦截器-->
    <bean id="transactionInterceptor" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"/>
        <property name="transactionAttributes">
            <props>
                <prop key="get*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop>
                <prop key="find*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop>
                <prop key="search*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop>
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="orderService" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
        <property name="target" ref="orderServiceTarget"/>
        <property name="interceptorNames">
            <list>
                <idref bean="transactionInterceptor"/>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

简化拦截器配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
    <bean id="orderServiceTarget" class="com.imooc.os.service.impl.OrderServiceImpl"/>
    <bean id="orderService" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"/>
        <property name="transactionAttributes">
            <props>
                <prop key="get*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop>
                <prop key="find*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop>
                <prop key="search*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop>
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
        <property name="target" ref="orderServiceTarget"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

Spring事务处理--基于tx命名空间：

配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.imooc.os.service.impl"/>
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="get*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="find*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="search*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="pointcut" expression="execution(* com.imooc.os.service.impl.*.*(..))"/>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pointcut"/>
    </aop:config>
</beans>

Spring事务处理--基于注解：

实现类：

package com.imooc.os.service.impl6;

import com.imooc.os.dao.OrderDao;
import com.imooc.os.dao.ProductDao;
import com.imooc.os.entity.Order;
import com.imooc.os.entity.Product;
import com.imooc.os.service.OrderService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import java.util.Date;

@Service
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {

    @Autowired
    private OrderDao orderDao;
    @Autowired
    private ProductDao productDao;

    @Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED)
    public void addOrder(Order order) {
        order.setCreateTime(new Date());
        order.setStatus("待付款");

        orderDao.insert(order);
        Product product = productDao.select(order.getProductsId());
        product.setStock(product.getStock() - order.getNumber());
        productDao.update(product);

    }
}

配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.imooc.os.service.impl6"/>
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>

总结：

_kooo

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Spring--事务管理

主要内容：数据库表结构：建表语句：drop database if exists os;create database os;use os;drop table if exists orders;drop table if exists products;/*==========================================...
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