Springboot集成RabbitMQ

一、什么是RabbitMQ

RabbitMQ是实现了高级消息队列协议（AMQP）的开源消息代理软件（亦称面向消息的中间件）。RabbitMQ服务器是用Erlang语言编写的，而集群和故障转移是构建在开放电信平台框架上的。所有主要的编程语言均有与代理接口通讯的客户端库。

二、添加依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

三、添加配置文件创建消息队列

@Configuration
public class MessageConfig {

    public final static String EMAIL_QUEUE_NAME = "emailQueue";

    @Bean
    public Queue emailQueue() {
        //队列名，是否持久化
        return new Queue(EMAIL_QUEUE_NAME, true);
    }
    
}

四、创建消息队列发送者

下面的生产者与消费者是我用来一步发送邮件的

@Service
public class MessageSender {

    public Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());

    @Autowired
    AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

    public void sendTopicEmail(Email emailEntity) {
        String email = ConvertUtil.beanToString(emailEntity);
        logger.debug(" [RabbitMQ] MessageSender.sendTopicEmail 向 {} 队列发送邮件消息 ->  : {}", EMAIL_QUEUE_NAME, emailEntity);
        amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(EMAIL_QUEUE_NAME, email);
    }

}

五、创建消队列息监听者

@Service
public class MessageReceiver {

    public Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());

    @Autowired
    EmailService emailService;

    @RabbitListener(queues = MessageConfig.EMAIL_QUEUE_NAME)
    public void receiveEmail1(String message) {
        Email email = ConvertUtil.stringToBean(message, Email.class);
        logger.debug(" [RabbitMQ] MessageReceiver.receiveEmail 获取 {} 队列的邮件消息 ->  : {}", MessageConfig.EMAIL_QUEUE_NAME, email);
        emailService.sendEmail(email);
    }

}