tomcat系统学习第一章-内嵌tomcat

1.使用内嵌tomcat

首先导入依赖

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
      <artifactId>tomcat-embed-core</artifactId>
      <version>9.0.38</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
      <artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId>
      <version>9.0.38</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

编写main方法

import org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException;
import org.apache.catalina.startup.Tomcat;

public class TestTomcat {

    private static int port = 8080;

    private static String contextPath = "/";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws LifecycleException {
        Tomcat tomcat = new Tomcat();
        // 设置工作目录
        String baseDir = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource("").getPath();
        // 设置端口
        tomcat.setPort(port);
        // 设置contextPath
        tomcat.addWebapp(contextPath, baseDir);
        tomcat.enableNaming();
        tomcat.start();
        // 该tomcat版本在start()时未初始化连接器，需要手动初始化连接器，可能也是为了让用户自己拓展，这里使用默认的
        tomcat.getConnector();
        // 若不想使用默认的，可以自己创建，并调用tomcat.setConnector(connector)
        // Connector connector = new Connector("HTTP/1.1");
        // connector.setPort(port);
        // tomcat.setConnector(connector);
        tomcat.getServer().await();
    }

}

启动，看到了我们熟悉的日志

2.tomcat的spi

传统的Servlet注册是配置在/WEB-INF/web.xml下，在容器启动的时候注册Servlet。Servlet3规范为我们又提供了一种更加方便的注册方法。容器启动的时候扫描jar包，找到jar包下一个文件路径为下面这个的文件。

META-INF/services/javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer

该文件指定的类会由容器实例化并调用其onStartUp方法，我们可以在其中动态注册servlet，filter等。

• 首先新建该文件，并添加内容

• 创建MyServletContainerInitializer，重写onStartUp方法，注册一个dispatcherServlet和一个dispatcherFilter

import javax.servlet.*;
import java.util.EnumSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class MyServletContainerInitializer implements ServletContainerInitializer {

    @Override
    public void onStartup(Set<Class<?>> set, ServletContext servletContext) {
        ServletRegistration.Dynamic servletDynamic = servletContext.addServlet("dispatcherServlet", DispatcherServlet.class);
        servletDynamic.addMapping("/*");
        FilterRegistration.Dynamic filterDynamic = servletContext.addFilter("dispatcherFilter", DispatcherFilter.class);
        filterDynamic.addMappingForServletNames(EnumSet.of(DispatcherType.REQUEST),false,"dispatcherServlet");
    }

}

• DispatcherServlet

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

public class DispatcherServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
        resp.setContentType("text/json;charset=UTF-8");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
        System.out.println("dispatcherServlet执行...");
        String res ="this is dispatcherServlet!";
        out.println(res);
        out.flush();
        out.close();
    }

}

• DispatcherFilter

import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;

public class DispatcherFilter implements Filter {

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException, ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("dispatcherServlet执行前");
        chain.doFilter(request,response);
        System.out.println("dispatcherServlet执行后");
    }

}

启动tomcat并访问

可以看到注册的servlet和filter都已经执行了

3.springmvc与tomcat的spi

打开springmvc的jar包，发现其目录下就有javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer文件

不过springboot中springmvc的dispatcherServlet并不是通过这种方式注册的

更多章节及原创Java内容可在小程序查看