HDU 5015 233 Matrix

233 Matrix

Time Limit: 10000/5000 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 65536/65536 K (Java/Others)

Total Submission(s): 2504    Accepted Submission(s): 1454

Problem Description

In our daily life we often use 233 to express our feelings. Actually, we may say 2333, 23333, or 233333 ... in the same meaning. And here is the question: Suppose we have a matrix called 233 matrix. In the first line, it would be 233, 2333, 23333... (it means a _0,1 = 233,a _0,2 = 2333,a _0,3 = 23333...) Besides, in 233 matrix, we got a _i,j = a _i-1,j +a _i,j-1( i,j ≠ 0). Now you have known a _1,0,a _2,0,...,a _n,0, could you tell me a _n,m in the 233 matrix?

 

Input

There are multiple test cases. Please process till EOF.

For each case, the first line contains two postive integers n,m(n ≤ 10,m ≤ 10 ⁹). The second line contains n integers, a _1,0,a _2,0,...,a _n,0(0 ≤ a _i,0 < 2 ³¹).

 

Output

For each case, output a _n,m mod 10000007.

 

Sample Input

  
  

   
   1 1
1
2 2
0 0
3 7
23 47 16
  
  

 

Sample Output

  
  

   
   234
2799
72937


   
   

    
    

     
     Hint
    
    

    
    
     
     
    
    

   
   
   
    
  
  

 

Source

2014 ACM/ICPC Asia Regional Xi'an Online

题意：给一个n * m的矩阵，a[0][0]=0,a[0][1]=233,a[0][2]=2333,a[n][0]自己输入，a[i][j]=a[i-1][j]+a[i][j-1],求a[n][m]，mod上1e7+7，不是1e9+7

开始一直过不了样例，仔细一看mod错数了，解题思路也很简单，就是构造矩阵，然后快速幂

1   0   0  0  0  0  0   .......                           3

1  10  0  0  0  0  0   .......                           23

1  10  1  0  0  0  0   .......           X             a1

1  10  1  1  1  1  0   .......                           .....

1  10  1  1  1  1  1   .......                           an

矩阵 的写法 可能不太一样，很多人喜欢封装成一个类，我喜欢直接用数组，不过能对就好

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstring>
#include<string>
#include<stack>
#include<queue>
#include<deque>
#include<set>
#include<map>
#include<cmath>
#include<vector>

using namespace std;

typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
typedef pair<int, int> PII;

#define pi acos(-1.0)
#define eps 1e-10
#define pf printf
#define sf scanf
#define lson rt<<1,l,m
#define rson rt<<1|1,m+1,r
#define e tree[rt]
#define _s second
#define _f first
#define all(x) (x).begin,(x).end
#define mem(i,a) memset(i,a,sizeof i)
#define for0(i,a) for(int (i)=0;(i)<(a);(i)++)
#define for1(i,a) for(int (i)=1;(i)<=(a);(i)++)
#define mi ((l+r)>>1)
#define sqr(x) ((x)*(x))

const int inf=0x3f3f3f3f;
const int mod=1e7+7;
ll p[20],ans[20][20],q[20],a[20][20];
int m,n;

void multi(ll a[][20],ll b[][20])//矩阵乘积
{
    ll tmp[20][20];
    mem(tmp,0);
    for1(i,19)
        for1(j,19)
            for1(k,19)
                tmp[i][j]=(tmp[i][j]+a[i][k]*b[k][j])%mod;//乘积可能爆int
    for1(i,19)
        for1(j,19)
            a[i][j]=tmp[i][j];
}

void init()//矩阵初始化
{
    mem(ans,0);
    for1(i,19)
        ans[i][i]=1;
    mem(a,0);
    for1(i,n+2)
        for1(j,i)
            a[i][j]=j==2?10:1;
}

int main()
{
    q[0]=0,p[1]=3,p[2]=23;//q保存m为0时的答案，p保存实际计算时的数组
    while(~sf("%d%d",&n,&m))
    {
        init();//每次数组都要初始化一遍
        for1(i,n)
            sf("%I64d",&q[i]),p[2+i]=q[i];
        if(!m)//m为0特判一下
        {
            pf("%I64d\n",q[n]%mod);
            continue;
        }
        while(m)//快速幂
        {
            if(m&1)multi(ans,a);
            multi(a,a);
            m>>=1;
        }
        ll sum=0;
//        for1(i,n+2)
//            for1(j,n+2)
//                pf(j==n+2?"%d\n":"%d ",ans[i][j]);
        for1(i,n+2)
            sum=(sum+ans[n+2][i]*p[i]%mod)%mod;
        pf("%I64d\n",sum);
    }
    return 0;
}