【Python学习笔记】猜颜色小游戏

前言

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最近馋世界游戏大全51，心血来潮用Python写了个猜颜色，顺便扩展了难度（颜色数和可重复性）

一、算法原理

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1. 生成器部分

利用ramdom库生成随机数列，并且用字典计数来保证最大重复值

2. 检测器部分

检测包括"全部正确"和"部分正确"，全部正确即位置，字符内容均相同，部分正确可以通过字典计数，生成颜色字典和输入颜色字典同一颜色的最小值之和为重合颜色数，再减去全部正确数即为部分正确数

二、代码

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代码如下（复制直接玩 美滋滋）：

import random
n = 6
t = 1
number = 0
gamestr = ''
guessstr = ''
break_flag = False
color = ['红','橙','黄','绿','青','蓝','紫']
color3 = ['红','橙','黄','绿','青','蓝','紫']
colordict = {'红':0,'橙':0,'黄':0,'绿':0,'青':0,'蓝':0,'紫':0}

def Getnumber():
    global number
    number = int(input('猜谜个数：'))
    while number < 0:
        print('你输入数非正整数，闹呢？请重新输入！')
        number = int(input('猜谜个数：'))
    return(number)

def repeatability(number):
    repeatability = int(input('最多重复个数：'))
    while (repeatability < 0)or(repeatability > number):
        print('不合规范')
        repeatability = int(input('最多重复个数：'))

def Generate():
    global n
    global colordict
    b = random.randint(0,n)
    genout = color[b]
    colordict[color[b]]+=1
    if colordict[color[b]] == repeatability:
        color.pop(b)
        n -= 1
    return genout

def ALLTRUECALI(guessstr,number):
    ATC=0
    for i in range(0,number):
        if gamestr[i] == guessstr[i]:
            ATC += 1
    return ATC

def HALFTRUECALI(guessstr,number,ATC):
    HTC=0
    color2 = ['红', '橙', '黄', '绿', '青', '蓝', '紫']
    guess_dict={'红':0,'橙':0,'黄':0,'绿':0,'青':0,'蓝':0,'紫':0}
    for i in range(0,number):
        guess_dict[guessstr[i]] += 1
    for i in range(0,7):
        c = min(guess_dict[color2[i]],colordict[color2[i]])
        HTC += c
    HTC -= ATC
    return HTC

def fault_calibrate(guessstr,ATC,HTC):
    print('本次猜测，%d个全对，%d个半对'%(ATC,HTC))

def Errordetector(guessstr):
    global break_flag
    break_flag = False
    if len(guessstr)!=len(gamestr):
        break_flag = True
        print('字符错误，请重新输入')

    else:
        for i in range(0,number):
            count = 0
            for j in range(0,7):
                if guessstr[i] == color3[j]:
                    count += 1
            if count != 1:
                print('您输入的颜色不在范围内，请重新输入')
                break_flag = True
                break
    return(break_flag)
    
def main():
    number = Getnumber()
    repeatability(number)
    global gamestr
    for i in range(0,number):
        gamestr += Generate()

    first = True
    guessstr = ""
    t = 0

    while (guessstr != gamestr)or(first == True):
        guessstr = input('请输入你的猜测：')

        first = False
        break_flag = Errordetector(guessstr)
        if break_flag:
            continue
        t += 1
        ATC = ALLTRUECALI(guessstr, number)
        HTC = HALFTRUECALI(guessstr, number, ATC)
        fault_calibrate(guessstr, ATC, HTC)

    print('恭喜您，共耗费%d次机会猜测成功！'%(t))

if __name__=='__main__':
    main()

过程BUG汇总笔记

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1. 变量名太乱了，导致最早调用错误
2. 函数体内想要改变全局变量需要声明global
3. random.randint()函数的取值是闭区间，与range()左闭右开不同

总结

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初学Python，至少能玩！但是函数用的满僵的，写的也不好看，望大佬斧正 :3