深度学习基本实用工具

目录

一、argparse库

二、logging库

1、输出信息到控制台

2、将信息保存到文件中

 3、将信息同时保存到文件和控制台


一、argparse库

argparse库可以获取命令行的参数并将参数传入到运行文件中,大大方便了深度学习需要不断修改参数的操作。

import argparse

# 创建一个参数获取器
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()

# 添加参数及其格式
parser.add_argument('--file_name', type=str, default='123', help="print file name")
parser.add_argument('--seed', type=int, default=42, help="set seed")

# 创建参数解析器用于获取参数
args = parser.parse_args()
print("filename:", args.file_name)
print("seed:", args.seed)

运行命令及其输出:

PS D:\Awork\TestCode\transfomers_learning> python test.py --file_name 123456
filename: 123456
seed: 42
PS D:\Awork\TestCode\transfomers_learning> python test.py --file_name 123456 --seed 5
filename: 123456
seed: 5
PS D:\Awork\TestCode\transfomers_learning> python test.py
filename: 123
seed: 42

二、logging库

用于将程序中的输出或者日志打印、保存起来,极大的方便了查看程序的运行情况。

1、输出信息到控制台

import logging

# 配置logging
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format='%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s',
                    datefmt='%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S', )

logger = logging.getLogger('dyh')  # 返回logger创建者信息

# 在控制台打印不同类型的信息
logger.info("common info")  # 普通信息
logger.debug("debug info")  # debug信息,只有在debug模式下才起作用,即上面的level=logging.DEBUG才会输出此条信息
logger.warning("warning info")  # warning警告信息

level=logging.INFO时的输出信息

06/07/2022 14:01:52 - dyh - INFO - common info
06/07/2022 14:01:52 - dyh - WARNING - warning info

level=logging.DEBUG时的输出信息

06/07/2022 14:03:23 - dyh - INFO - common info
06/07/2022 14:03:23 - dyh - DEBUG - debug info
06/07/2022 14:03:23 - dyh - WARNING - warning info

basicConfig参数及其作用

参数:作用
 
%(levelno)s:打印日志级别的数值
%(levelname)s:打印日志级别的名称
%(pathname)s:打印当前执行程序的路径,其实就是sys.argv[0]
%(filename)s:打印当前执行程序名
%(funcName)s:打印日志的当前函数
%(lineno)d:打印日志的当前行号
%(asctime)s:打印日志的时间
%(thread)d:打印线程ID
%(threadName)s:打印线程名称
%(process)d:打印进程ID
%(message)s:打印日志信息

2、将信息保存到文件中

import logging

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)  # 创建日志句柄
logger.setLevel(level=logging.DEBUG)  # 设置打印日志类型
handler = logging.FileHandler("log.txt")  # 创建文件句柄
handler.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)  # 句柄日志类型
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')  # 设置日志格式
handler.setFormatter(formatter)  # 设置文件格式
logger.addHandler(handler)  # 将文件句柄添加到日志句柄中

logger.info("commom message")
logger.debug("debug info")
logger.warning("warning info")

log.txt信息,注意,log文件中并不会清除上一次的输出信息

 3、将信息同时保存到文件和控制台

import logging

# 设置日志句柄信息
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
logger.setLevel(level=logging.INFO)
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')

# 设置文件句柄信息
handler = logging.FileHandler("log.txt")
handler.setLevel(logging.INFO)
handler.setFormatter(formatter)

# 设置控制台句柄信息
console = logging.StreamHandler()
console.setLevel(logging.INFO)
console.setFormatter(formatter)

# 添加文件和控制台句柄到日志中
logger.addHandler(handler)
logger.addHandler(console)

logger.info("commom message")
logger.debug("debug info")
logger.warning("warning info")

输出信息:

文件信息和控制台信息:

深度学习工具包 Deprecation notice. ----- This toolbox is outdated and no longer maintained. There are much better tools available for deep learning than this toolbox, e.g. [Theano](http://deeplearning.net/software/theano/), [torch](http://torch.ch/) or [tensorflow](http://www.tensorflow.org/) I would suggest you use one of the tools mentioned above rather than use this toolbox. Best, Rasmus. DeepLearnToolbox ================ A Matlab toolbox for Deep Learning. Deep Learning is a new subfield of machine learning that focuses on learning deep hierarchical models of data. It is inspired by the human brain's apparent deep (layered, hierarchical) architecture. A good overview of the theory of Deep Learning theory is [Learning Deep Architectures for AI](http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~bengioy/papers/ftml_book.pdf) For a more informal introduction, see the following videos by Geoffrey Hinton and Andrew Ng. * [The Next Generation of Neural Networks](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AyzOUbkUf3M) (Hinton, 2007) * [Recent Developments in Deep Learning](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VdIURAu1-aU) (Hinton, 2010) * [Unsupervised Feature Learning and Deep Learning](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZmNOAtZIgIk) (Ng, 2011) If you use this toolbox in your research please cite [Prediction as a candidate for learning deep hierarchical models of data](http://www2.imm.dtu.dk/pubdb/views/publication_details.php?id=6284) ``` @MASTERSTHESIS\{IMM2012-06284, author = "R. B. Palm", title = "Prediction as a candidate for learning deep hierarchical models of data", year = "2012", } ``` Contact: rasmusbergpalm at gmail dot com Directories included in the toolbox ----------------------------------- `NN/` - A library for Feedforward Backpropagation Neural Networks `CNN/` - A library for Convolutional Neural Networks `DBN/` - A library for Deep Belief Networks `SAE/` - A library for Stacked Auto-Encoders `CAE/` - A library for Convolutional Auto-Encoders `util/` - Utility functions used by the libraries `data/` - Data used by the examples `tests/` - unit tests to verify toolbox is working For references on each library check REFS.md Setup ----- 1. Download. 2. addpath(genpath('DeepLearnToolbox')); Example: Deep Belief Network --------------------- ```matlab function test_example_DBN load mnist_uint8; train_x = double(train_x) / 255; test_x = double(test_x) / 255; train_y = double(train_y); test_y = double(test_y); %% ex1 train a 100 hidden unit RBM and visualize its weights rand('state',0) dbn.sizes = [100]; opts.numepochs = 1; opts.batchsize = 100; opts.momentum = 0; opts.alpha = 1; dbn = dbnsetup(dbn, train_x, opts); dbn = dbntrain(dbn, train_x, opts); figure; visualize(dbn.rbm{1}.W'); % Visualize the RBM weights %% ex2 train a 100-100 hidden unit DBN and use its weights to initialize a NN rand('state',0) %train dbn dbn.sizes = [100 100]; opts.numepochs = 1; opts.batchsize = 100; opts.momentum = 0; opts.alpha = 1; dbn = dbnsetup(dbn, train_x, opts); dbn = dbntrain(dbn, train_x, opts); %unfold dbn to nn nn = dbnunfoldtonn(dbn, 10); nn.activation_function = 'sigm'; %train nn opts.numepochs = 1; opts.batchsize = 100; nn = nntrain(nn, train_x, train_y, opts); [er, bad] = nntest(nn, test_x, test_y); assert(er < 0.10, 'Too big error'); ``` Example: Stacked Auto-Encoders --------------------- ```matlab function test_example_SAE load mnist_uint8; train_x = double(train_x)/255; test_x = double(test_x)/255; train_y = double(train_y); test_y = double(test_y); %% ex1 train a 100 hidden unit SDAE and use it to initialize a FFNN % Setup and train a stacked denoising autoencoder (SDAE) rand('state',0) sae = saesetup([784 100]); sae.ae{1}.activation_function = 'sigm'; sae.ae{1}.learningRate = 1; sae.ae{1}.inputZeroMaskedFraction = 0.5; opts.numepochs = 1; opts.batchsize = 100; sae = saetrain(sae, train_x, opts); visualize(sae.ae{1}.W{1}(:,2:end)') % Use the SDAE to initialize a FFNN nn = nnsetup([784 100 10]); nn.activation_function = 'sigm'; nn.learningRate = 1; nn.W{1} = sae.ae{1}.W{1}; % Train the FFNN opts.numepochs = 1; opts.batchsize = 100; nn = nntrain(nn, train_x, train_y, opts); [er, bad] = nntest(nn, test_x, test_y); assert(er < 0.16, 'Too big error'); ``` Example: Convolutional Neural Nets --------------------- ```matlab function test_example_CNN load mnist_uint8; train_x = double(reshape(train_x',28,28,60000))/255; test_x = double(reshape(test_x',28,28,10000))/255; train_y = double(train_y'); test_y = double(test_y'); %% ex1 Train a 6c-2s-12c-2s Convolutional neural network %will run 1 epoch in about 200 second and get around 11% error. %With 100 epochs you'll get around 1.2% error rand('state',0) cnn.layers = { struct('type', 'i') %input layer struct('type', 'c', 'outputmaps', 6, 'kernelsize', 5) %convolution layer struct('type', 's', 'scale', 2) %sub sampling layer struct('type', 'c', 'outputmaps', 12, 'kernelsize', 5) %convolution layer struct('type', 's', 'scale', 2) %subsampling layer }; cnn = cnnsetup(cnn, train_x, train_y); opts.alpha = 1; opts.batchsize = 50; opts.numepochs = 1; cnn = cnntrain(cnn, train_x, train_y, opts); [er, bad] = cnntest(cnn, test_x, test_y); %plot mean squared error figure; plot(cnn.rL); assert(er<0.12, 'Too big error'); ``` Example: Neural Networks --------------------- ```matlab function test_example_NN load mnist_uint8; train_x = double(train_x) / 255; test_x = double(test_x) / 255; train_y = double(train_y); test_y = double(test_y); % normalize [train_x, mu, sigma] = zscore(train_x); test_x = normalize(test_x, mu, sigma); %% ex1 vanilla neural net rand('state',0) nn = nnsetup([784 100 10]); opts.numepochs = 1; % Number of full sweeps through data opts.batchsize = 100; % Take a mean gradient step over this many samples [nn, L] = nntrain(nn, train_x, train_y, opts); [er, bad] = nntest(nn, test_x, test_y); assert(er < 0.08, 'Too big error'); %% ex2 neural net with L2 weight decay rand('state',0) nn = nnsetup([784 100 10]); nn.weightPenaltyL2 = 1e-4; % L2 weight decay opts.numepochs = 1; % Number of full sweeps through data opts.batchsize = 100; % Take a mean gradient step over this many samples nn = nntrain(nn, train_x, train_y, opts); [er, bad] = nntest(nn, test_x, test_y); assert(er < 0.1, 'Too big error'); %% ex3 neural net with dropout rand('state',0) nn = nnsetup([784 100 10]); nn.dropoutFraction = 0.5; % Dropout fraction opts.numepochs = 1; % Number of full sweeps through data opts.batchsize = 100; % Take a mean gradient step over this many samples nn = nntrain(nn, train_x, train_y, opts); [er, bad] = nntest(nn, test_x, test_y); assert(er < 0.1, 'Too big error'); %% ex4 neural net with sigmoid activation function rand('state',0) nn = nnsetup([784 100 10]); nn.activation_function = 'sigm'; % Sigmoid activation function nn.learningRate = 1; % Sigm require a lower learning rate opts.numepochs = 1; % Number of full sweeps through data opts.batchsize = 100; % Take a mean gradient step over this many samples nn = nntrain(nn, train_x, train_y, opts); [er, bad] = nntest(nn, test_x, test_y); assert(er < 0.1, 'Too big error'); %% ex5 plotting functionality rand('state',0) nn = nnsetup([784 20 10]); opts.numepochs = 5; % Number of full sweeps through data nn.output = 'softmax'; % use softmax output opts.batchsize = 1000; % Take a mean gradient step over this many samples opts.plot = 1; % enable plotting nn = nntrain(nn, train_x, train_y, opts); [er, bad] = nntest(nn, test_x, test_y); assert(er < 0.1, 'Too big error'); %% ex6 neural net with sigmoid activation and plotting of validation and training error % split training data into training and validation data vx = train_x(1:10000,:); tx = train_x(10001:end,:); vy = train_y(1:10000,:); ty = train_y(10001:end,:); rand('state',0) nn = nnsetup([784 20 10]); nn.output = 'softmax'; % use softmax output opts.numepochs = 5; % Number of full sweeps through data opts.batchsize = 1000; % Take a mean gradient step over this many samples opts.plot = 1; % enable plotting nn = nntrain(nn, tx, ty, opts, vx, vy); % nntrain takes validation set as last two arguments (optionally) [er, bad] = nntest(nn, test_x, test_y); assert(er < 0.1, 'Too big error'); ``` [![Bitdeli Badge](https://d2weczhvl823v0.cloudfront.net/rasmusbergpalm/deeplearntoolbox/trend.png)](https://bitdeli.com/free "Bitdeli Badge")
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