路由模式
队列需要有一个routingKey与交换机exchange相匹配,此时交换机的type为direct
适用情景举例:对于error的情况需要发送到两个队列,而 info 或是 warning 情况只需要发送到一个队列,可以通过把key设置为 error实现路由。
新建连接RabbitMQ的工具类utils
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class utils {
public static Connection getConnection() throws IOException, TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("localhost");
factory.setPort(5672);
factory.setVirtualHost("/vhost_zdy");
factory.setUsername("username");
factory.setPassword("password");
return factory.newConnection();
}
}
新建生产者类RoutingSend,分别发送key为error info waring的消息各三条
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class RoutingSend {
private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "Routing_exchange";
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException, InterruptedException {
Connection connection = utils.getConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
//声明交换机
channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME,"direct");
//声明key
//String routingKey="error";
//String routingKey="info";
String routingKey="warning";
for(int i=0;i<3;i++)//发3条消息
{
String msg="msg"+":"+routingKey+i;
channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, routingKey, null, msg.getBytes());
Thread.sleep(20);//假设每20ms发送一次消息
System.out.println("send:"+ msg);
}
channel.close();
connection.close();
}
}
新建消费者RoutingReceive_1 ——只接受key为error
import com.rabbitmq.client.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class RoutingReceive_1 {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "Routing_queue_error";
private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "Routing_exchange";
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
Connection connection = utils.getConnection();
final Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME,EXCHANGE_NAME,"error");
channel.basicQos(1);//保证一次只分发一个\n" +
System.out.println(" [1] Waiting for messages.");
DefaultConsumer defaultConsumer= new DefaultConsumer(channel){
@Override
public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
super.handleDelivery(consumerTag, envelope, properties, body);
String msg = new String(body,"UTF-8");
System.out.println("[1]receive:"+ msg);
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);//假设消费者1处理时间为2s
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
System.out.println("[1]done:"+ msg);
//手动回执
channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(),false);
}
}
};
boolean autoack=false;
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME,autoack,defaultConsumer);
}
}
新建消费者RoutingReceive_2——接受error,info,waring消息
import com.rabbitmq.client.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class RoutingReceive_2 {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "Routing_queue_all";
private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "Routing_exchange";
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
Connection connection = utils.getConnection();
final Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
//绑定多个key
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME,EXCHANGE_NAME,"error");
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME,EXCHANGE_NAME,"info");
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME,EXCHANGE_NAME,"warning");
channel.basicQos(1);//保证一次只分发一个\n" +
System.out.println(" [2] Waiting for messages.");
DefaultConsumer defaultConsumer= new DefaultConsumer(channel){
@Override
public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
super.handleDelivery(consumerTag, envelope, properties, body);
String msg = new String(body,"UTF-8");
System.out.println("[2]receive:"+ msg);
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);//假设消费者2处理时间为1s
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
System.out.println("[2]done:"+ msg);
//手动回执
channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(),false);
}
}
};
boolean autoack=false;
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME,autoack,defaultConsumer);
}
}
消费者1只接受到error的消息
消费者2接受到error,info,warning的消息
更多详情请参考官方文档