javaWeb截取视频中画面并保存为图片，作为视频封面

javaWeb截取视频中画面并保存为图片，作为视频封面

截取视频工具类：

```java
package com.zm.edu.util;

import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Rectangle;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

import com.zm.util.FileUtils;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.bytedeco.javacv.FFmpegFrameGrabber;
import org.bytedeco.javacv.Frame;
import org.bytedeco.javacv.Java2DFrameConverter;

/**
 * 描述：截取视频中图片作为封面
 * @author zwh 2021.5.18 10:25
 */

@Slf4j
public class VideoUtils {
    /**
     * main函数中slf4j无法正常显示,这里暂时使用log4j2输出日志,迁移到web项目时,建议使用slf4j
     */
    private static final org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger LOG = org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getLogger();

    /**
     * 视频总帧数
     * */
    public static String VIDEO_LENGTH = "videoLength";
    /**
     *视频的宽
     */
    public static String VIDEO_WIDE = "videoWide";
    /**
     *视频的高
     */
    public static String VIDEO_HIGH = "videoHigh";
    /**
     *视频的旋转度
     */
    public static String ROTATE = "rotate";
    /**
     *视频的格式
     */
    public static String FORMAT = "format";
    /**
     *图片保存路径
     */
    public static String IMG_PATH = "imgPath";
    /**
     *图片名称
     */
    public static String IMG_NAME = "imgName";
    /**
     *此视频时长(s/秒)
     */
    public static String DURATION = "duration";
    /**
     *获取要取得的帧数
     */
    private static final int GET_FRAMES_LENGTH = 1;

    //测试使用main
//    public static void main(String[] args) {
//        Map<String, Object> screenshot = getScreenshot("C:\\Users\\zhangwenhiu\\Videos\\正能量\\日食.mp4");
//        System.out.println(screenshot.toString());
//    }

    /**
     * <h5>功能:获取一张视频截图并保存同名的jpg文件到视频同目录下</h5>
     *
     * @param filePath 视频文件全路径
     * @return
     */
    public static Map<String, Object> getScreenshot(String filePath) {
        return getScreenshot(filePath, null);
    }

    /**
     * <h5>功能:获取一张视频截图并保存同名的jpg文件到指定目录</h5>
     *
     * @param filePath 视频文件地址
     * @param saveImagePath 截图的图片存放路径(绝对路径,不包含文件名称)
     * @return
     */
    public static Map<String, Object> getScreenshot(String filePath, String saveImagePath) {
        LOG.info("视频文件[{}]截图开始", filePath);

        Map<String, Object> result = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        FFmpegFrameGrabber grabber;
        try {
            grabber = FFmpegFrameGrabber.createDefault(filePath);
            // 第一帧图片存储位置(也是视频路径)
            String targerFilePath = filePath.substring(0, filePath.lastIndexOf(FileUtils.DIR_SPERATOR));
            // 视频文件名
            String fileName = filePath.substring(filePath.lastIndexOf(FileUtils.DIR_SPERATOR) + 1);
            // 图片名称
            String targetFileName = fileName.substring(0, fileName.lastIndexOf(FileUtils.TYPE_SEPARATOR));
            //String targetFileName =String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis());
            grabber.start();
            // 视频总帧数
            int videoLength = grabber.getLengthInFrames();

            Frame frame = null;
            int i = 0;
            while (i < videoLength) {
                // 过滤前5帧,避免出现全黑的图片,依自己情况而定(每循环一次取一帧)
                frame = grabber.grabFrame();
                if ((i > GET_FRAMES_LENGTH) && (frame.image != null)) {
                    break;
                }
                i++;
            }

            // 视频旋转度
            String rotate = grabber.getVideoMetadata("rotate");
            Java2DFrameConverter converter = new Java2DFrameConverter();
            // 绘制图片
            BufferedImage bi = converter.getBufferedImage(frame);
            if (rotate != null) {
                // 旋转图片
                bi = rotate(bi, Integer.parseInt(rotate));
            }
            // 图片的类型
            String imageMat = "jpg";
            // 图片的完整路径
            String imagePath = targerFilePath + File.separator + targetFileName + FileUtils.TYPE_SEPARATOR + imageMat;
            if (null != saveImagePath && !"".equals(saveImagePath)) {
                // 指定路径
                imagePath = saveImagePath + FileUtils.TYPE_SEPARATOR + imageMat;
            }

            // 创建文件
            File output = new File(imagePath);
            ImageIO.write(bi, imageMat, output);

            // 拼接Map信息
            result.put(VIDEO_LENGTH, videoLength);
            // 视频的宽
            result.put(VIDEO_WIDE, bi.getWidth());
            // 频的高
            result.put(VIDEO_HIGH, bi.getHeight());
            // 此视频时长(s/秒)
            long duration = grabber.getLengthInTime() / (1000 * 1000);
            // 视频的旋转度
            result.put(ROTATE, (null == rotate || "".equals(rotate))? "0" : rotate);
            // 视频的格式
            result.put(FORMAT, grabber.getFormat());
            result.put(IMG_PATH, output.getPath());
            result.put(DURATION, duration);
            result.put(IMG_NAME,targetFileName + FileUtils.TYPE_SEPARATOR + imageMat);
            grabber.stop();
            LOG.info("视频文件[{}]截图结束,图片地址为[{}]", filePath, imagePath);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            LOG.error("视频信息帧数处理发生异常 [{}]", e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return result;
    }

    // ==================== private method ====================

    /**
     * <h5>功能:根据视频旋转度来调整图片</h5>
     *
     * @param src 捕获的图像
     * @param angel 视频旋转度
     * @return BufferedImage
     */
    private static BufferedImage rotate(BufferedImage src, int angel) {
        int src_width = src.getWidth(null);
        int src_height = src.getHeight(null);
        int type = src.getColorModel().getTransparency();
        Rectangle rect_des = calcRotatedSize(new Rectangle(new Dimension(src_width, src_height)), angel);
        BufferedImage bi = new BufferedImage(rect_des.width, rect_des.height, type);
        Graphics2D g2 = bi.createGraphics();
        g2.translate((rect_des.width - src_width) / 2, (rect_des.height - src_height) / 2);
        g2.rotate(Math.toRadians(angel), src_width / 2, src_height / 2);
        g2.drawImage(src, 0, 0, null);
        g2.dispose();
        return bi;
    }

    /**
     * <h5>功能:计算图片旋转大小</h5>
     *
     * @param src 屏幕坐标中捕获的矩形区域
     * @param angel 视频旋转度
     * @return
     */
    private static Rectangle calcRotatedSize(Rectangle src, int angel) {
        if (angel >= 90) {
            if (angel / 90 % 2 == 1) {
                int temp = src.height;
                src.height = src.width;
                src.width = temp;
            }
            angel = angel % 90;
        }
        double r = Math.sqrt(src.height * src.height + src.width * src.width) / 2;
        double len = 2 * Math.sin(Math.toRadians(angel) / 2) * r;
        double angel_alpha = (Math.PI - Math.toRadians(angel)) / 2;
        double angel_dalta_width = Math.atan((double) src.height / src.width);
        double angel_dalta_height = Math.atan((double) src.width / src.height);
        int len_dalta_width = (int) (len * Math.cos(Math.PI - angel_alpha - angel_dalta_width));
        int len_dalta_height = (int) (len * Math.cos(Math.PI - angel_alpha - angel_dalta_height));
        int des_width = src.width + len_dalta_width * 2;
        int des_height = src.height + len_dalta_height * 2;
        return new java.awt.Rectangle(new Dimension(des_width, des_height));
    }
}

需要引入的maven依赖

```java
<!--获取视频第一帧画面  开始-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
            <artifactId>javacv</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
            <artifactId>javacpp</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
            <artifactId>ffmpeg</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.1-1.5.2</version>
            <classifier>windows-x86_64</classifier>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
            <artifactId>ffmpeg</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.1-1.5.2</version>
            <classifier>linux-x86_64</classifier>
        </dependency>

        <!--获取视频第一帧画面  开始-->

**注意：**参考地址1中引入的jar包会导致打包时生成的文件过大，可参考地址二进行精简，排除不必要的jar包，引入jar包时windows-x86_64可参照图片中jar包名称，根据部署环境不同选择对应版本。

参考转载：工具类： https://blog.csdn.net/zouliping123456/article/details/114992750
精简jar包：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39035030/article/details/107793574