Android学习笔记：RecyclerView

Recyclerview新增控件的应用：
1.在APP->build.gradedependencies中添加：
{implementation ‘androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:1.1.0’}
2.

<androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
    android:id="@+id/recycler_view"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"/>

3.适配器

//继承RecyclerView.Adapter,必须重写onCreateViewHolder、onBindViewHolder、getItemCount
public class FruitAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter <FruitAdapter.ViewHolder>{
    private List<Fruit> myFruitList;
    //定义一个内部类
    // 构造方法中传入一个人View参数，通常是RecyclerView子項的最外层布局
    public class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
        ImageView fruitImage;
        TextView fruitName;
        public  ViewHolder(View view){
            super(view);
            fruitImage=(ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
            fruitName=(TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_name);
        }
    }
    //把要展示的数据源传进来，并赋值给全局变量
    public FruitAdapter(List<Fruit> fruitList){
        myFruitList=fruitList;
    }
    @Override
    //用于创建ViewHolder实例，将fruit_item布局加载进来，
    // 创建一个 ViewHolder实例，并把加载的布局传入到构造方法中，最后将实例返回
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View view= LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.fruit_item,parent,false);
        ViewHolder holder=new ViewHolder(view);
        return holder;
    }

    @Override
    //用于对 RecyclerView子项的数据进行赋值的，会在每个子项被滚动到屏幕内的时候执行，
    // 这里我们通过 position 参数得到当前项的Fruit 实例，
    // 然后再将数据设置到ViewHolder 的ImageView和 TextView当中即可。
    public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        Fruit fruit=myFruitList.get(position);
        holder.fruitName.setText(fruit.getName());
        holder.fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.getImageId());
    }

    @Override
    //用于告诉RecyclerView一共有多少子项，返回数据源的长度。
    public int getItemCount() {
        return myFruitList.size();
    }
}

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private List<Fruit> fruitList = new ArrayList<>();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initFruits(); // 初始化水果数据
        //获取 RecyclerView实例
        RecyclerView recyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);
        //创建一个LinearLayoutManager对象，把它设置到RecyclerView中
        //LayoutManager用于指定 RecyclerView的布局方式，
        // LinearLayoutManager即线性布局，用于显示和LISTView相同的效果
        LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
        //创建了FruitAdapter的实例，并将水果的数据传入到FruitAdapter的构造函数中
        FruitAdapter adapter = new FruitAdapter(fruitList);
        //调用setAdapter()的方法来完成适配器设置
        recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
    }

    private void initFruits() {
        //创建水果实例，并添加到水果实例列表
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            Fruit apple = new Fruit("Apple", R.drawable.apple_pic);
            fruitList.add(apple);
            Fruit banana = new Fruit("Banana", R.drawable.banana_pic);
            fruitList.add(banana);
            Fruit orange = new Fruit("Orange", R.drawable.orange_pic);
            fruitList.add(orange);
            Fruit  watermelon= new Fruit("Watermelon", R.drawable.watermelon_pic);
            fruitList.add(watermelon);
            Fruit pear = new Fruit("Pear", R.drawable.pear_pic);
            fruitList.add(pear );
            Fruit grape = new Fruit("grape", R.drawable.grape_pic);
            fruitList.add(grape);
            Fruit pineapple = new Fruit("Pineapple", R.drawable.pineapple_pic);
            fruitList.add(pineapple);
            Fruit strawberry = new Fruit("Strawberry", R.drawable.strawberry_pic);
            fruitList.add(strawberry);
            Fruit cherry = new Fruit("Cherry", R.drawable.cherry_pic);
            fruitList.add(cherry);
            Fruit mango = new Fruit("Mango", R.drawable.mango_pic);
            fruitList.add(mango);
        }
    }
}

5.水平实现

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="100dp"
    android:layout_height="400dp">
<ImageView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_image"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:layout_weight="1"/>
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_name"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"/>
</LinearLayout>

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
...
//设置排列方向，默认纵向
        layoutManager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
        FruitAdapter adapter=new FruitAdapter(fruitList);
        recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
    }

瀑布：

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
//宽度会根据布局的列数来自动适配
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_margin="5dp">
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_image"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:layout_weight="1"/>
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_name"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="left"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>
</LinearLayout>

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private List<Fruit> fruitList = new ArrayList<>();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initFruits(); // 初始化水果数据
        //获取 RecyclerView实例
        RecyclerView recyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);
        //创建一个StaggeredGridLayoutManager实例（指定布局的列数，指定布局的排列方向/指定为纵向）
        StaggeredGridLayoutManager layoutManager=new StaggeredGridLayoutManager(3,StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
        FruitAdapter adapter=new FruitAdapter(fruitList);
        recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);

    }

    private void initFruits() {
        //创建水果实例，并添加到水果实例列表
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            Fruit apple = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Apple"), R.drawable.apple_pic);
            fruitList.add(apple);
            Fruit banana = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Banana"), R.drawable.banana_pic);
            fruitList.add(banana);
            Fruit orange = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Orange"), R.drawable.orange_pic);
            fruitList.add(orange);
            Fruit  watermelon= new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Watermelon"), R.drawable.watermelon_pic);
            fruitList.add(watermelon);
            Fruit pear = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Pear"), R.drawable.pear_pic);
            fruitList.add(pear );
            Fruit grape = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("grape"), R.drawable.grape_pic);
            fruitList.add(grape);
            Fruit pineapple = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Pineapple"), R.drawable.pineapple_pic);
            fruitList.add(pineapple);
            Fruit strawberry = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Strawberry"), R.drawable.strawberry_pic);
            fruitList.add(strawberry);
            Fruit cherry = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Cherry"), R.drawable.cherry_pic);
            fruitList.add(cherry);
            Fruit mango = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Mango"), R.drawable.mango_pic);
            fruitList.add(mango);
        }
    }
    private String getRandomLengthName(String name){
        Random random=new Random();
        int length=random.nextInt(20)+1;
        StringBuilder builder=new StringBuilder();
        for(int i=0;i<length;i++){
            builder.append(name);
        }
        return  builder.toString();
    }
}

点击事件注册：

public class FruitAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter <FruitAdapter.ViewHolder>{
    
    public class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
...
        View fruitview;
...        
        public  ViewHolder(View view){
...
            fruitview=view;
...     
        }
    }
    
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
       ...
        final ViewHolder holder=new ViewHolder(view);
        holder.fruitview.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                int position=holder.getAdapterPosition();
                Fruit fruit=myFruitList.get(position);
                Toast.makeText(view.getContext(),"you clicked view"+fruit.getName(),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
        holder.fruitImage.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                int position = holder.getAdapterPosition();
                Fruit fruit = myFruitList.get(position);
                Toast.makeText(v.getContext(),"you clicked image "+fruit.getName(),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
        return holder;
    }

对话界面适配器
public class MsgAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MsgAdapter.ViewHolder> {

    private List<Msg> mMsgList;
    //定义一个内部类
    static public class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        //控件
        LinearLayout leftLayout;
        LinearLayout rightLayout;
        TextView leftMsg;
        TextView rightMsg;
        // 构造方法中传入一个人View参数，通常是RecyclerView子項的最外层布局
        public ViewHolder(View view) {
            super(view);
            leftLayout = (LinearLayout) itemView.findViewById(R.id.left_layout);
            rightLayout = (LinearLayout) itemView.findViewById(R.id.right_layout);
            leftMsg = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.left_msg);
            rightMsg = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.right_msg);
        }
    }
    //把要展示的数据源传进来，并赋值给全局变量
    public MsgAdapter(List<Msg> mMsgList) {
        this.mMsgList = mMsgList;
    }
    //用于创建ViewHolder实例，将msg_item布局加载进来，
    // 创建一个 ViewHolder实例，并把加载的布局传入到构造方法中，最后将实例返回
    @Override
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.msg_item, parent, false);
        return new ViewHolder(view);
    }

    @Override
    //用于对 RecyclerView子项的数据进行赋值的，会在每个子项被滚动到屏幕内的时候执行，
    // 这里我们通过 position 参数得到当前项的msg实例，
    // 然后再将数据设置到ViewHolder 的当中。
    public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        Msg msg = mMsgList.get(position);
        if (msg.getType() == Msg.TYPE_RECEIVED) {
            //如果收到的消息,则显示左边的消息布局,将右边的消息布局隐藏
            // 将数据设置到ViewHolder 的leftLayout当中。
            holder.leftLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            holder.rightLayout.setVisibility(View.GONE);
            holder.leftMsg.setText(msg.getContent());
        } else if (msg.getType() == Msg.TYPE_SEND) {
            //如果是发出的消息,则显示右边的消息布局,将左边的消息布局隐藏
            holder.rightLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            holder.leftLayout.setVisibility(View.GONE);
            holder.rightMsg.setText(msg.getContent());
        }
    }
    //用于告诉RecyclerView一共有多少子项，返回数据源的长度。
    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return mMsgList.size();
    }
}


public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private List<Msg> msgList=new ArrayList<>();
    private EditText inputText;
    private Button send;
    private RecyclerView msgRecyclerView;
    private MsgAdapter adapter;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initMsgs();//初始化信息数据
        inputText=(EditText) findViewById(R.id.input_text);
        send=(Button) findViewById(R.id.send);
        msgRecyclerView =(RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.msg_recycler_view);
        LinearLayoutManager layoutManager=new LinearLayoutManager(this);
        msgRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
        adapter=new MsgAdapter(msgList);
        msgRecyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
        send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                //获取EditText中的内容
                String content=inputText.getText().toString();
                if(!"".equals(content)){
                    Msg msg=new Msg(content,Msg.TYPE_SEND);
                    msgList.add(msg);
                    adapter.notifyItemInserted(msgList.size()-1);//当有新消息时，刷新ListView中的显示
                    msgRecyclerView.scrollToPosition(msgList.size()-1);//将定位到最后一行
                    inputText.setText("");//清空输入框中的内容;
                }
            }
        });
    }
    private void initMsgs(){
        Msg msg1=new Msg("Hello guy.",Msg.TYPE_RECEIVED);
        msgList.add(msg1);
        Msg msg2=new Msg("Hello .who is that?",Msg.TYPE_SEND);
        msgList.add(msg2);
        Msg msg3=new Msg("This is Tom.Nice talking to you",Msg.TYPE_RECEIVED);
        msgList.add(msg3);
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:padding="10dp">
    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/left_layout"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="left"
        android:background="@drawable/message_left">
       <TextView
           android:id="@+id/left_msg"
           android:layout_width="wrap_content"
           android:layout_height="wrap_content"
           android:layout_gravity="center"
           android:layout_margin="10dp"
           android:textColor="#fff"/>
    </LinearLayout>
    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/right_layout"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="right"
        android:background="@drawable/message_right">
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/right_msg"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center"
            android:layout_margin="10dp" />
    </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="#d8e0e8">

    <androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/msg_recycler_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"/>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">
        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/input_text"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:hint="Type something here"
            android:maxLines="2"/>
            <Button
                android:id="@+id/send"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:text="Send"/>
    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>