【kaggle prices-advanced-regression-techniques】房价预测 - 前14%

于 2019-12-17 08:56:03 发布
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分类专栏： Kaggle+阿里天池比赛
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39071739/article/details/99622836
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得分：0.11569 前14%

import numpy as np 
import pandas as pd
#import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
#import seaborn as sns

import os
for dirname, _, filenames in os.walk('/kaggle/input'):
    for filename in filenames:
        print(os.path.join(dirname, filename))

import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore")
train = pd.read_csv("train.csv")
train.head()
IdMSSubClassMSZoningLotFrontageLotAreaStreetAlleyLotShapeLandContourUtilities...PoolAreaPoolQCFenceMiscFeatureMiscValMoSoldYrSoldSaleTypeSaleConditionSalePrice
0160RL65.08450PaveNaNRegLvlAllPub...0NaNNaNNaN022008WDNormal208500
1220RL80.09600PaveNaNRegLvlAllPub...0NaNNaNNaN052007WDNormal181500
2360RL68.011250PaveNaNIR1LvlAllPub...0NaNNaNNaN092008WDNormal223500
3470RL60.09550PaveNaNIR1LvlAllPub...0NaNNaNNaN022006WDAbnorml140000
4560RL84.014260PaveNaNIR1LvlAllPub...0NaNNaNNaN0122008WDNormal250000

5 rows × 81 columns

train=train.drop(index=[523,1298],axis=0)
test = pd.read_csv("test.csv")
print('th train data has {} rows and {} features'.format(train.shape[0],train.shape[1]))
print('the test data has {} rows and {} features'.format(test.shape[0],test.shape[1]))
th train data has 1458 rows and 81 features
the test data has 1459 rows and 80 features

data=pd.concat([train.iloc[:,:-1],test],axis=0)
print('tha data has {} rows and {} features'.format(data.shape[0],data.shape[1]))
tha data has 2917 rows and 80 features

data.columns
Index(['Id', 'MSSubClass', 'MSZoning', 'LotFrontage', 'LotArea', 'Street',
       'Alley', 'LotShape', 'LandContour', 'Utilities', 'LotConfig',
       'LandSlope', 'Neighborhood', 'Condition1', 'Condition2', 'BldgType',
       'HouseStyle', 'OverallQual', 'OverallCond', 'YearBuilt', 'YearRemodAdd',
       'RoofStyle', 'RoofMatl', 'Exterior1st', 'Exterior2nd', 'MasVnrType',
       'MasVnrArea', 'ExterQual', 'ExterCond', 'Foundation', 'BsmtQual',
       'BsmtCond', 'BsmtExposure', 'BsmtFinType1', 'BsmtFinSF1',
       'BsmtFinType2', 'BsmtFinSF2', 'BsmtUnfSF', 'TotalBsmtSF', 'Heating',
       'HeatingQC', 'CentralAir', 'Electrical', '1stFlrSF', '2ndFlrSF',
       'LowQualFinSF', 'GrLivArea', 'BsmtFullBath', 'BsmtHalfBath', 'FullBath',
       'HalfBath', 'BedroomAbvGr', 'KitchenAbvGr', 'KitchenQual',
       'TotRmsAbvGrd', 'Functional', 'Fireplaces', 'FireplaceQu', 'GarageType',
       'GarageYrBlt', 'GarageFinish', 'GarageCars', 'GarageArea', 'GarageQual',
       'GarageCond', 'PavedDrive', 'WoodDeckSF', 'OpenPorchSF',
       'EnclosedPorch', '3SsnPorch', 'ScreenPorch', 'PoolArea', 'PoolQC',
       'Fence', 'MiscFeature', 'MiscVal', 'MoSold', 'YrSold', 'SaleType',
       'SaleCondition'],
      dtype='object')

data.info()
<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
Int64Index: 2917 entries, 0 to 1458
Data columns (total 80 columns):
Id               2917 non-null int64
MSSubClass       2917 non-null int64
MSZoning         2913 non-null object
LotFrontage      2431 non-null float64
LotArea          2917 non-null int64
Street           2917 non-null object
Alley            198 non-null object
LotShape         2917 non-null object
LandContour      2917 non-null object
Utilities        2915 non-null object
LotConfig        2917 non-null object
LandSlope        2917 non-null object
Neighborhood     2917 non-null object
Condition1       2917 non-null object
Condition2       2917 non-null object
BldgType         2917 non-null object
HouseStyle       2917 non-null object
OverallQual      2917 non-null int64
OverallCond      2917 non-null int64
YearBuilt        2917 non-null int64
YearRemodAdd     2917 non-null int64
RoofStyle        2917 non-null object
RoofMatl         2917 non-null object
Exterior1st      2916 non-null object
Exterior2nd      2916 non-null object
MasVnrType       2893 non-null object
MasVnrArea       2894 non-null float64
ExterQual        2917 non-null object
ExterCond        2917 non-null object
Foundation       2917 non-null object
BsmtQual         2836 non-null object
BsmtCond         2835 non-null object
BsmtExposure     2835 non-null object
BsmtFinType1     2838 non-null object
BsmtFinSF1       2916 non-null float64
BsmtFinType2     2837 non-null object
BsmtFinSF2       2916 non-null float64
BsmtUnfSF        2916 non-null float64
TotalBsmtSF      2916 non-null float64
Heating          2917 non-null object
HeatingQC        2917 non-null object
CentralAir       2917 non-null object
Electrical       2916 non-null object
1stFlrSF         2917 non-null int64
2ndFlrSF         2917 non-null int64
LowQualFinSF     2917 non-null int64
GrLivArea        2917 non-null int64
BsmtFullBath     2915 non-null float64
BsmtHalfBath     2915 non-null float64
FullBath         2917 non-null int64
HalfBath         2917 non-null int64
BedroomAbvGr     2917 non-null int64
KitchenAbvGr     2917 non-null int64
KitchenQual      2916 non-null object
TotRmsAbvGrd     2917 non-null int64
Functional       2915 non-null object
Fireplaces       2917 non-null int64
FireplaceQu      1497 non-null object
GarageType       2760 non-null object
GarageYrBlt      2758 non-null float64
GarageFinish     2758 non-null object
GarageCars       2916 non-null float64
GarageArea       2916 non-null float64
GarageQual       2758 non-null object
GarageCond       2758 non-null object
PavedDrive       2917 non-null object
WoodDeckSF       2917 non-null int64
OpenPorchSF      2917 non-null int64
EnclosedPorch    2917 non-null int64
3SsnPorch        2917 non-null int64
ScreenPorch      2917 non-null int64
PoolArea         2917 non-null int64
PoolQC           9 non-null object
Fence            571 non-null object
MiscFeature      105 non-null object
MiscVal          2917 non-null int64
MoSold           2917 non-null int64
YrSold           2917 non-null int64
SaleType         2916 non-null object
SaleCondition    2917 non-null object
dtypes: float64(11), int64(26), object(43)
memory usage: 1.8+ MB

num_features=data.select_dtypes(include=['int64','float64'])
categorical_features=data.select_dtypes(include='object')
num_features.describe()
IdMSSubClassLotFrontageLotAreaOverallQualOverallCondYearBuiltYearRemodAddMasVnrAreaBsmtFinSF1...GarageAreaWoodDeckSFOpenPorchSFEnclosedPorch3SsnPorchScreenPorchPoolAreaMiscValMoSoldYrSold
count2917.0000002917.0000002431.0000002917.0000002917.0000002917.0000002917.0000002917.0000002894.0000002916.000000...2916.0000002917.0000002917.0000002917.0000002917.0000002917.0000002917.0000002917.0000002917.0000002917.000000
mean1460.37607157.13575669.18058410139.4391506.0863905.5649641971.2879671984.248200101.733587439.015432...472.40946593.62941447.28008223.1141582.60404516.0733632.08879050.8608166.2135762007.792938
std842.89245642.53214022.7917197807.0365121.4067041.11341430.28699120.892257178.510291444.182329...214.620878126.53264367.11896564.26342425.19671456.20205434.561371567.5951982.7130701.315328
min1.00000020.00000021.0000001300.0000001.0000001.0000001872.0000001950.0000000.0000000.000000...0.0000000.0000000.0000000.0000000.0000000.0000000.0000000.0000001.0000002006.000000
25%731.00000020.00000059.0000007476.0000005.0000005.0000001953.0000001965.0000000.0000000.000000...320.0000000.0000000.0000000.0000000.0000000.0000000.0000000.0000004.0000002007.000000
50%1461.00000050.00000068.0000009452.0000006.0000005.0000001973.0000001993.0000000.000000368.000000...480.0000000.00000026.0000000.0000000.0000000.0000000.0000000.0000006.0000002008.000000
75%2190.00000070.00000080.00000011556.0000007.0000006.0000002001.0000002004.000000164.000000733.000000...576.000000168.00000070.0000000.0000000.0000000.0000000.0000000.0000008.0000002009.000000
max2919.000000190.000000313.000000215245.00000010.0000009.0000002010.0000002010.0000001600.0000004010.000000...1488.0000001424.000000742.0000001012.000000508.000000576.000000800.00000017000.00000012.0000002010.000000

8 rows × 37 columns

categorical_features.describe()
MSZoningStreetAlleyLotShapeLandContourUtilitiesLotConfigLandSlopeNeighborhoodCondition1...GarageTypeGarageFinishGarageQualGarageCondPavedDrivePoolQCFenceMiscFeatureSaleTypeSaleCondition
count291329171982917291729152917291729172917...27602758275827582917957110529162917
unique52244253259...6355334496
topRLPaveGrvlRegLvlAllPubInsideGtlNAmesNorm...AttchdUnfTATAYExMnPrvShedWDNormal
freq22632905120185926222914213227764432511...1722123026022652263943299525252402

4 rows × 43 columns

data.isnull().sum().sort_values(ascending=False)[:34]
#print(categorical_features.isnull().sum().sort_values(ascending=False)[:23])
#num_features.isnull().sum().sort_values(ascending=False)[:11]
PoolQC          2908
MiscFeature     2812
Alley           2719
Fence           2346
FireplaceQu     1420
LotFrontage      486
GarageCond       159
GarageQual       159
GarageYrBlt      159
GarageFinish     159
GarageType       157
BsmtCond          82
BsmtExposure      82
BsmtQual          81
BsmtFinType2      80
BsmtFinType1      79
MasVnrType        24
MasVnrArea        23
MSZoning           4
BsmtHalfBath       2
Utilities          2
Functional         2
BsmtFullBath       2
BsmtFinSF1         1
Exterior1st        1
Exterior2nd        1
BsmtFinSF2         1
BsmtUnfSF          1
TotalBsmtSF        1
SaleType           1
Electrical         1
KitchenQual        1
GarageArea         1
GarageCars         1
dtype: int64

f = open("data_description.txt", "r")
#print(f.read())
data = data.drop(columns=['Id','Street','PoolQC','Utilities'],axis=1)
#data['LotFrontage'].fillna(int(data['LotFrontage'].mean()),inplace=True)
data['LotFrontage'] = data.groupby('Neighborhood')['LotFrontage'].transform(lambda x: x.fillna(x.median()))
data['LotFrontage'].isnull().sum()
0

#create a new class 'other'
features=['Electrical','KitchenQual','SaleType','Exterior2nd','Exterior1st','Alley','Fence', 'MiscFeature','FireplaceQu','GarageCond','GarageQual','GarageFinish','GarageType','BsmtCond','BsmtExposure','BsmtQual','BsmtFinType2','BsmtFinType1','MasVnrType']
for name in features:
    data[name].fillna('Other',inplace=True)
data[features].isnull().sum()
Electrical      0
KitchenQual     0
SaleType        0
Exterior2nd     0
Exterior1st     0
Alley           0
Fence           0
MiscFeature     0
FireplaceQu     0
GarageCond      0
GarageQual      0
GarageFinish    0
GarageType      0
BsmtCond        0
BsmtExposure    0
BsmtQual        0
BsmtFinType2    0
BsmtFinType1    0
MasVnrType      0
dtype: int64

data['MSZoning'] = data.groupby('MSSubClass')['MSZoning'].transform(lambda x: x.fillna(x.mode()[0]))
#data.MSZoning = data.groupby(['MSSubClass'])['MSZoning'].transform(lambda x: x.fillna(x.value_counts()[0]))
data['Functional']=data['Functional'].fillna('typ')
zero=['GarageYrBlt','GarageArea','MasVnrArea','BsmtHalfBath','BsmtHalfBath','BsmtFullBath','BsmtFinSF1','BsmtFinSF2','BsmtUnfSF','TotalBsmtSF','GarageCars']
for name in zero:
    data[name].fillna(0,inplace=True)
data.isnull().sum().sum()
0

data.loc[data['MSSubClass']==60, 'MSSubClass']=0
data.loc[(data['MSSubClass']==20)|(data['MSSubClass']==120), 'MSSubClass']=1
data.loc[data['MSSubClass']==75, 'MSSubClass']=2
data.loc[(data['MSSubClass']==40)|(data['MSSubClass']==70)|(data['MSSubClass']==80), 'MSSubClass']=3
data.loc[(data['MSSubClass']==50)|(data['MSSubClass']==85)|(data['MSSubClass']==90)|(data['MSSubClass']==160)|(data['MSSubClass']==190), 'MSSubClass']=4
data.loc[(data['MSSubClass']==30)|(data['MSSubClass']==45)|(data['MSSubClass']==180), 'MSSubClass']=5
data.loc[(data['MSSubClass']==150), 'MSSubClass']=6
object_features = data.select_dtypes(include='object').columns
object_features
Index(['MSZoning', 'Alley', 'LotShape', 'LandContour', 'LotConfig',
       'LandSlope', 'Neighborhood', 'Condition1', 'Condition2', 'BldgType',
       'HouseStyle', 'RoofStyle', 'RoofMatl', 'Exterior1st', 'Exterior2nd',
       'MasVnrType', 'ExterQual', 'ExterCond', 'Foundation', 'BsmtQual',
       'BsmtCond', 'BsmtExposure', 'BsmtFinType1', 'BsmtFinType2', 'Heating',
       'HeatingQC', 'CentralAir', 'Electrical', 'KitchenQual', 'Functional',
       'FireplaceQu', 'GarageType', 'GarageFinish', 'GarageQual', 'GarageCond',
       'PavedDrive', 'Fence', 'MiscFeature', 'SaleType', 'SaleCondition'],
      dtype='object')

def dummies(d):
    dummies_df=pd.DataFrame()
    object_features = d.select_dtypes(include='object').columns
    for name in object_features:
        dummies = pd.get_dummies(d[name], drop_first=False)
        dummies = dummies.add_prefix("{}_".format(name))
        dummies_df=pd.concat([dummies_df,dummies],axis=1)
    return dummies_df
dummies_data=dummies(data)
dummies_data.shape
(2917, 263)

data=data.drop(columns=object_features,axis=1)
data.columns
Index(['MSSubClass', 'LotFrontage', 'LotArea', 'OverallQual', 'OverallCond',
       'YearBuilt', 'YearRemodAdd', 'MasVnrArea', 'BsmtFinSF1', 'BsmtFinSF2',
       'BsmtUnfSF', 'TotalBsmtSF', '1stFlrSF', '2ndFlrSF', 'LowQualFinSF',
       'GrLivArea', 'BsmtFullBath', 'BsmtHalfBath', 'FullBath', 'HalfBath',
       'BedroomAbvGr', 'KitchenAbvGr', 'TotRmsAbvGrd', 'Fireplaces',
       'GarageYrBlt', 'GarageCars', 'GarageArea', 'WoodDeckSF', 'OpenPorchSF',
       'EnclosedPorch', '3SsnPorch', 'ScreenPorch', 'PoolArea', 'MiscVal',
       'MoSold', 'YrSold'],
      dtype='object')

final_data=pd.concat([data,dummies_data],axis=1)
final_data.shape
(2917, 299)

#Re-spliting the data into train and test datasets
train_data=final_data.iloc[:1458,:]
test_data=final_data.iloc[1458:,:]
print(train_data.shape)
test_data.shape
(1458, 299)





(1459, 299)

# X: independent variables and y: target variable
X=train_data
y=train.loc[:,'SalePrice']
from sklearn.linear_model import Ridge, RidgeCV, LassoCV, ElasticNet
model_las_cv = LassoCV(alphas=(0.0001, 0.0005, 0.001, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, 5, 10))
model_las_cv.fit(X,y)
las_cv_preds=model_las_cv.predict(test_data)
model_ridge_cv = RidgeCV(alphas=(0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, 5, 10))
model_ridge_cv.fit(X, y)
ridge_cv_preds=model_ridge_cv.predict(test_data)
model_ridge = Ridge(alpha=10, solver='auto')
model_ridge.fit(X, y)
ridge_preds=model_ridge.predict(test_data)
model_en = ElasticNet(random_state=1, alpha=0.00065, max_iter=3000)
model_en.fit(X, y)
en_preds=model_en.predict(test_data)
import xgboost as xgb
model_xgb = xgb.XGBRegressor(learning_rate=0.01,n_estimators=3460,
                                     max_depth=3, min_child_weight=0,
                                     gamma=0, subsample=0.7,
                                     colsample_bytree=0.7,
                                     objective='reg:linear', nthread=-1,
                                     scale_pos_weight=1, seed=27,
                                     reg_alpha=0.00006)
model_xgb.fit(X, y)
xgb_preds=model_xgb.predict(test_data)
[09:54:40] WARNING: C:/Jenkins/workspace/xgboost-win64_release_0.90/src/objective/regression_obj.cu:152: reg:linear is now deprecated in favor of reg:squarederror.

from sklearn.ensemble import GradientBoostingRegressor
model_gbr = GradientBoostingRegressor(n_estimators=3000, 
                                learning_rate=0.05, 
                                max_depth=4, 
                                max_features='sqrt', 
                                min_samples_leaf=15, 
                                min_samples_split=10, 
                                loss='huber', 
                                random_state =42)
model_gbr.fit(X, y)
gbr_preds=model_gbr.predict(test_data)
from lightgbm import LGBMRegressor
model_lgbm = LGBMRegressor(objective='regression', 
                                       num_leaves=4,
                                       learning_rate=0.01, 
                                       n_estimators=5000,
                                       max_bin=200, 
                                       bagging_fraction=0.75,
                                       bagging_freq=5, 
                                       bagging_seed=7,
                                       feature_fraction=0.2,
                                       feature_fraction_seed=7,
                                       verbose=-1,
                                       #min_data_in_leaf=2,
                                       #min_sum_hessian_in_leaf=11
                                       )
model_lgbm.fit(X, y)
lgbm_preds=model_lgbm.predict(test_data)
final_predictions = 0.3 * lgbm_preds + 0.3 * gbr_preds + 0.1 * xgb_preds + 0.3 * ridge_cv_preds
#display the first 5 predictions of sale price
final_predictions[:5]
array([120991.7547464 , 160872.32864741, 186243.01436333, 194394.84973628,
       192268.91952743])

#make the submission data frame
submission = {
    'Id': test.Id.values,
    'SalePrice': final_predictions
}
solution = pd.DataFrame(submission)
solution.head()
IdSalePrice
01461120991.754746
11462160872.328647
21463186243.014363
31464194394.849736
41465192268.919527
#make the submission file
solution.to_csv('submission3.csv',index=False)
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《kaggle--房屋价格-先进的回归技术》项目是一个经典的机器学习竞赛，旨在预测波士顿地区房屋的价格。在这个项目中，参与者需要运用各种回归分析技术来构建模型，以达到最准确的预测效果。以下是对该项目及其涉及的...
xgboost 多分类：objective参数（reg:linear,multi:softmax,multi:softprob）对比分析
phyllisyuell的博客
07-12 3万+
一、问题上篇文章中我们已经搞明白了逻辑回归的问题中，xgboost的train（）,fit（）方法已经不同参数的objective的对应的输出结果和关系，这篇文章我们就来研究下xgboost再做多分类时，train(),fit（）建模后输出的值是怎么样的，它都有那些objective的参数，并且分别对应着怎样的输出？二、objective参数比较xgboost的官方文档关于多分类的objectiv...
本地安装jenkins部署服务（本地jar包安装部署到服务器上）
weixin_44251399的博客
03-19 5138
备注：适用于手动打jar包，在通过jenkins上传部署的方式，远程拉取git项目自动打包的方式，配置与本文不同。 一、jenkins安装 说明：由于已经安装好，不想在重新安装截图，安装步骤截图来源于https://blog.csdn.net/qq_31142553/article/details/81193173。 1．下载地址：https://jenkins.io/zh/download/ 2...
成功解决 raise XGBoostError(_LIB.XGBGetLastError()) xgboost.core.DMatrix/Booster has not been intialized
近期请国内外头部出版社可尽快私信博主！——心比天高，仗剑走天涯，保持热爱，奔赴向梦想！低调，谦虚，自律，反思，成长，还算是比较正能量的博主，公益免费传播……内心特别想在AI界做出一些可以推进历史进程影响力的东西(兴趣使然，有点小情怀，也有点使命感呀)…
05-23 1万+
成功解决 raise XGBoostError(_LIB.XGBGetLastError()) xgboost.core.DMatrix/Booster has not been intialized 目录 解决问题 解决思路 解决方法 解决问题 raise XGBoostError(_LIB.XGBGetLastError()) xgboost....
成功解决xgboost\core.py", ValueError: feature_names may not contain [, ] or <
近期请国内外头部出版社可尽快私信博主！——心比天高，仗剑走天涯，保持热爱，奔赴向梦想！低调，谦虚，自律，反思，成长，还算是比较正能量的博主，公益免费传播……内心特别想在AI界做出一些可以推进历史进程影响力的东西(兴趣使然，有点小情怀，也有点使命感呀)…
03-19 1万+
成功解决xgboost\core.py", ValueError: feature_names may not contain [, ] or < 目录 解决问题 解决思路 解决方法 解决问题 xgboost\core.py", line 869, in feature_names rai...
jenkins的安装与应用
w4wangshuai的博客
09-03 478
jenkins 安装
JSONKit相关错误
ShutingChen的专栏
08-06 2424
assignment to objective-c's isa is deprecated in favor of object_setClass() 将     array->isa      =_JKArrayClass; 替换为  object_setClass(array,_JKArrayClass); 将     dictionary->isa     
4、Jenkins 使用maven构建一个项目
weixin_34275734的博客
04-21 100
一、使用maven构建项目的前提：请确保jenkins服务器上安装配置了maven软件，如果不清楚如何安装配置，请参考前面第二篇jenkins的安装配置。二、如何构建一个项目登录jenkins服务器，在主页左侧菜单栏点击“新建”在Item名称后面输入项目名称，名字随便起，为避免编码问题，请使用英文。然后选择下面的“构建一个maven项目”点击OK在源码管理这里选择Git，因为...
Linux安装xgboost，Python以及oracle驱动失败
Jantelope的博客
12-07 1060
软件安装前需要检自己linux位数32或者64   1.软件安装Anaconda3-5.0.1-Linux-x86_64.sh        .sh文件安装方式调用命令bash Anaconda3-5.0.1-Linux-x86_64.sh（后续安装一路回车即可） 安装完成可以调用： root@textLinux python-package]# conda list # package...
kaggle房价预测-回归模型
08-12
回答: 在kaggle房价预测的回归模型中，使用了Lasso回归模型进行预测。代码中首先使用了Lasso(alpha=0.0001)进行模型的训练，然后对测试集进行预测得到了lasso_predict。接着使用了np.expm1函数对预测结果进行了反向...
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