JSON编码

JSON是数据存储及传输的一种协议。与XML相比，它更易于使用。由于它非常轻量级以及自身的一些特性，现在JSON在网络上已经是越来越流行了。常见的数据结构都可以编码成JSON然后在各个网页间自由地传输。不过在开始编码前，你得先安装一个JSON解析器。在下面的例子中，我们将使用json.simple库来完成这项工作 (https://code.google.com/p/json-simple/)。

下面是编码成JSON串的一个简单的例子。
import org.json.simple.JSONObject;
import org.json.simple.JSONArray;
public class JsonEncodeDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
JSONObject obj = new JSONObject();
obj.put(“Novel Name”, “Godaan”);
obj.put(“Author”, “Munshi Premchand”);
JSONArray novelDetails = new JSONArray();
novelDetails.add(“Language: Hindi”);
novelDetails.add(“Year of Publication: 1936”);
novelDetails.add(“Publisher: Lokmanya Press”);
obj.put(“Novel Details”, novelDetails);
System.out.print(obj);
}
}
输出：
{“Novel Name”:“Godaan”,“Novel Details”:[“Language: Hindi”,“Year of Publication: 1936”,“Publisher: Lokmanya Press”],“Author”:“Munshi Premchand”}

&&JSON解析

开发人员要想解析JSON串，首先你得知道它的格式。下面例子有助于你来理解这一点：
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import org.json.simple.JSONArray;
import org.json.simple.JSONObject;
import org.json.simple.parser.JSONParser;
import org.json.simple.parser.ParseException;
public class JsonParseTest {
private static final String filePath = “//home//user//Documents//jsonDemoFile.json”;
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
// read the json file
FileReader reader = new FileReader(filePath);
JSONParser jsonParser = new JSONParser();
JSONObject jsonObject = (JSONObject)jsonParser.parse(reader);
// get a number from the JSON object
Long id = (Long) jsonObject.get(“id”);
System.out.println("The id is: " + id);
// get a String from the JSON object
String type = (String) jsonObject.get(“type”);
System.out.println("The type is: " + type);
// get a String from the JSON object
String name = (String) jsonObject.get(“name”);
System.out.println("The name is: " + name);
// get a number from the JSON object
Double ppu = (Double) jsonObject.get(“ppu”);
System.out.println("The PPU is: " + ppu);
// get an array from the JSON object
System.out.println(“Batters:”);
JSONArray batterArray= (JSONArray) jsonObject.get(“batters”);
Iterator i = batterArray.iterator();
// take each value from the json array separately
while (i.hasNext()) {
JSONObject innerObj = (JSONObject) i.next();
System.out.println("ID "+ innerObj.get(“id”) +
" type " + innerObj.get(“type”));
}
// get an array from the JSON object
System.out.println(“Topping:”);
JSONArray toppingArray= (JSONArray) jsonObject.get(“topping”);
Iterator j = toppingArray.iterator();
// take each value from the json array separately
while (j.hasNext()) {
JSONObject innerObj = (JSONObject) j.next();
System.out.println("ID "+ innerObj.get(“id”) +
" type " + innerObj.get(“type”));
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
} catch (ParseException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
} catch (NullPointerException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
jsonDemoFile.json
{
“id”: 0001,
“type”: “donut”,
“name”: “Cake”,
“ppu”: 0.55,
“batters”:
[
{ “id”: 1001, “type”: “Regular” },
{ “id”: 1002, “type”: “Chocolate” },
{ “id”: 1003, “type”: “Blueberry” },
{ “id”: 1004, “type”: “Devil’s Food” }
],
“topping”:
[
{ “id”: 5001, “type”: “None” },
{ “id”: 5002, “type”: “Glazed” },
{ “id”: 5005, “type”: “Sugar” },
{ “id”: 5007, “type”: “Powdered Sugar” },
{ “id”: 5006, “type”: “Chocolate with Sprinkles” },
{ “id”: 5003, “type”: “Chocolate” },
{ “id”: 5004, “type”: “Maple” }
]
}
The id is: 1
The type is: donut
The name is: Cake
The PPU is: 0.55
Batters:
ID 1001 type Regular
ID 1002 type Chocolate
ID 1003 type Blueberry
ID 1004 type Devil’s Food
Topping:
ID 5001 type None
ID 5002 type Glazed
ID 5005 type Sugar
ID 5007 type Powdered Sugar
ID 5006 type Chocolate with Sprinkles
ID 5003 type Chocolate
ID 5004 type Maple