phantomjs使用

from selenium import webdriver

# 使用webkit无界面浏览器
# 如果路径为exe启动程序的路径 那么该路径需要加一个r
driver = webdriver.PhantomJS(executable_path=r'D:/phantomjs-2.1.1-windows/bin/phantomjs.exe')
# 获取指定网页的数据
driver.get('http://news.sohu.com/scroll/')

print(driver.find_element_by_class_name('title').text)

以爬取淘宝搜索见面信息为例说明：

---

taobao.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
from selenium import webdriver
from ..items import TaobaospiderItem

class TaobaoSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'taobao'
    allowed_domains = ['taobao.com']
    start_urls = ['https://s.taobao.com/search?q=%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0%E6%9C%AC%E7%94%B5%E8%84%91&imgfile=&js=1&stats_click=search_radio_all%3A1&initiative_id=staobaoz_20180809&ie=utf8']
    def __init__(self):
        self.driver = webdriver.PhantomJS()

    def parse(self, response):
        print('================================')
        print(response)
        div_info = response.xpath('//div[@class="info-cont"]')
        print('======')
        print(div_info)
        for div in div_info:
            title = div.xpath('.//div[@class="title-row "]/a/text()').extract_first('')
            price = div.xpath('.//div[@class="sale-row row"]/div/span[2]/strong/text()').extract_first('')
            print('---------------------------------')
            print(title)
            print(price)
            item = TaobaospiderItem()
            item['title'] = title
            item['price'] = price

            yield item
    def closed(self, reason):
        print(u'爬虫关闭了, 原因：',reason)
        self.driver.quit()

items.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html

import scrapy


class TaobaospiderItem(scrapy.Item):
    # define the fields for your item here like:
    # name = scrapy.Field()
    title = scrapy.Field()
    price = scrapy.Field()

middlewares.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define here the models for your spider middleware
#
# See documentation in:
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

from scrapy import signals
from selenium import webdriver
from scrapy.http.response.html import HtmlResponse
from scrapy.http.response import Response

class SeleniumSpiderMiddleware(object):

    def process_request(self,request,spider):
        # 当引擎从调度器取出request进行请求发送下载器之前
        # 会先执行当前的爬虫中间件,在中间件里面使用selenium
        # 请求这个request,拿到动态网站的数据,然后将请求返回给
        # spider爬虫对象
        print('++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++')
        if spider.name == 'taobao':
            # 使用爬虫文件的地址
            spider.driver.get(request.url)
            for x in range(1,12,2):
                i = float(x) / 11
                js = 'document.body.scrollTop=document.body.scrollHeight * %f' % i
                spider.driver.execute_script(js)
            # 设置响应信息,响应的url为请求的url,响应的网页内容为请求网页的源码
            # 响应的编码为utf-8 请求的信息为获取的信息
            response = HtmlResponse(url=request.url,body=spider.driver.page_source,encoding='utf-8',request=request)

            # 这个地方只能返回response
            # 如果返回了response对象
            # 那么可以直接跳过下载中间件
            # 将response的值传递给引擎
            # 引擎有传递给spider进行解析
            print('+++++++++++++--------------------')
            return response
class TaobaospiderSpiderMiddleware(object):
    # Not all methods need to be defined. If a method is not defined,
    # scrapy acts as if the spider middleware does not modify the
    # passed objects.

    @classmethod
    def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
        # This method is used by Scrapy to create your spiders.
        s = cls()
        crawler.signals.connect(s.spider_opened, signal=signals.spider_opened)
        return s

    def process_spider_input(self, response, spider):
        # Called for each response that goes through the spider
        # middleware and into the spider.

        # Should return None or raise an exception.
        return None

    def process_spider_output(self, response, result, spider):
        # Called with the results returned from the Spider, after
        # it has processed the response.

        # Must return an iterable of Request, dict or Item objects.
        for i in result:
            yield i

    def process_spider_exception(self, response, exception, spider):
        # Called when a spider or process_spider_input() method
        # (from other spider middleware) raises an exception.

        # Should return either None or an iterable of Response, dict
        # or Item objects.
        pass

    def process_start_requests(self, start_requests, spider):
        # Called with the start requests of the spider, and works
        # similarly to the process_spider_output() method, except
        # that it doesn’t have a response associated.

        # Must return only requests (not items).
        for r in start_requests:
            yield r

    def spider_opened(self, spider):
        spider.logger.info('Spider opened: %s' % spider.name)


class TaobaospiderDownloaderMiddleware(object):
    # Not all methods need to be defined. If a method is not defined,
    # scrapy acts as if the downloader middleware does not modify the
    # passed objects.

    @classmethod
    def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
        # This method is used by Scrapy to create your spiders.
        s = cls()
        crawler.signals.connect(s.spider_opened, signal=signals.spider_opened)
        return s

    def process_request(self, request, spider):
        # Called for each request that goes through the downloader
        # middleware.

        # Must either:
        # - return None: continue processing this request
        # - or return a Response object
        # - or return a Request object
        # - or raise IgnoreRequest: process_exception() methods of
        #   installed downloader middleware will be called
        return None

    def process_response(self, request, response, spider):
        # Called with the response returned from the downloader.

        # Must either;
        # - return a Response object
        # - return a Request object
        # - or raise IgnoreRequest
        return response

    def process_exception(self, request, exception, spider):
        # Called when a download handler or a process_request()
        # (from other downloader middleware) raises an exception.

        # Must either:
        # - return None: continue processing this exception
        # - return a Response object: stops process_exception() chain
        # - return a Request object: stops process_exception() chain
        pass

    def spider_opened(self, spider):
        spider.logger.info('Spider opened: %s' % spider.name)

pipelines.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
import sqlite3

class TaobaospiderPipeline(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.con = sqlite3.connect('taobaoDB')
        self.cursor = self.con.cursor()
        self.cursor.execute('create table if not exists taobaoTable(title text,price text)')
    def process_item(self, item, spider):

        self.cursor.execute('insert into taobaoTable VALUES ("{}","{}")'.format(item['title'],item['price']))
        self.con.commit()
        return item
    def close_spider(self,spider):
        self.cursor.close()
        self.con.commit()

settings.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Scrapy settings for taobaospider project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

BOT_NAME = 'taobaospider'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['taobaospider.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'taobaospider.spiders'


# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
#USER_AGENT = 'taobaospider (+http://www.yourdomain.com)'

# Obey robots.txt rules
# ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = True

# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32

# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
#DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16

# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False

# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

# Override the default request headers:
#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
#   'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
#   'Accept-Language': 'en',
#}

# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
# SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'taobaospider.middlewares.TaobaospiderSpiderMiddleware': 543,
# }

# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
    'taobaospider.middlewares.SeleniumSpiderMiddleware':1
}

# Enable or disable extensions
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
#EXTENSIONS = {
#    'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
#}

# Configure item pipelines
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
   'taobaospider.pipelines.TaobaospiderPipeline': 300,
}

# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False

# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'