文件下载----OutputStream流和PrintWriter流的区别

使用OutputStream流和PrintWriter流下载文件

最近在项目中使用PrintWriter流去实现文件下载的功能，但是总会出现下载失败的情况，更换为OutputStream流后该BUG得到解决，借此文章记录一下OutputStream流和PrintWriter流实现文件下载时的区别。

废话不多说直接上代码

OutputStream流实现文件下载

package controller;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class ServletDemo01 extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request, response);
    }
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取文件的下载绝对路径
        String downloadPath=this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/download/测试图片.jpg");
        //获取文件名
        String fileName=downloadPath.substring(downloadPath.lastIndexOf("\\")+1);
        //设置响应头，告诉浏览器以下载的方式打来文件，设置中文编码，如果不设置会出现乱码
         response.setHeader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename="+URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8"));
        //获取文件流
         InputStream is=new FileInputStream(downloadPath);
         int len=0;
         byte[]b=new byte[1024];
         OutputStream os=response.getOutputStream();
         while((len=is.read(b))!=-1){
             //将缓冲区数据输出到浏览器
             os.write(b,0,len);
         }
         is.close();
    }
}

PrintWriter流实现文件下载

package controller;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class ServletDemo03 extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request, response);
    }
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取文件的下载绝对路径
        String downloadPath=this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/download/测试图片.jpg");
        //获取文件名
        String fileName=downloadPath.substring(downloadPath.lastIndexOf("\\")+1);
        //设置响应头，告诉浏览器以下载的方式打来文件，设置中文编码，如果不设置会出现乱码
         response.setHeader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename="+URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8"));
        //获取文件流
         FileReader fr=new FileReader(downloadPath);
         int len=0;
         char[] b=new char[1024];
         PrintWriter os=response.getWriter();
         while((len=fr.read(b))!=-1){
             //将缓冲区数据输出到浏览器
             os.write(b,0,len);
         }
         fr.close();
    }
}

出现下载失败的原因：

PrintWriter流处理字节数据，会导致数据丢失，因此在编写下载文件功能时，要使用OutputStream流。
因为OutputStream流是字节流，可以处理任意类型的数据；
而PrintWriter流是字符流，只能处理字符数据，如果用字符流处理字节数据，会导致数据丢失。