Seata实现2PC事务
业务说明
通过Seata中间件实现分布式事务,模拟三个账户转账交易过程。
两个账户在两个不同的银行(张三在bank1,李四在bank2),bank1与bank2是 两个微服务,交易过程是张三给李四转账指定金额
上述交易步骤,要么一起成功,要么一起失败,必须在一个整体性的事务。
程序组成部分
数据库:MySQL-8.X (包括bank1和bank2 两个数据库)
JDK:1.8.X
微服务框架:SpringBoot2.3、SpringCloudHoxton
Seata客户端(RM):spring-cloud-alibaba-seata-2.1.0
Seata服务端(TC):seata-server-1.2.0
微服务及数据库的关系:
dtx/seata-bank-2pc/bank1-server-2pc 银行1 操作张三用户,连接bank1
dtx/seata-bank-2pc/bank1-server-2pc 银行2 操作李四用户,连接bank2
服务注册中心:nacos
技术架构如下:
交互流程如下:
- 请求bank1进行转账,传入转账金额
- bank1教师金额,调用bank2,传入转账金额
Seata执行流程:
- 每个RM 使用DataSourceProxy连接数据库,其目的是使用ConnectionProxy,使用数据源和数据连接代理的目的就是在第一阶段将undo_log和业务数据放在一个本地事务提交,这样就保存了只要又业务操作就一定有undo_log。
- 在第一阶段undo_log中存放了数据修改前和修改后的值,为事务回滚做好准备,所以第一阶段完成就已经将分支事务提交,也就释放了锁资源。
- TM 开启全局事务开始,将XID全局事务Id放在事务上下文中,通过Feign 调用也将XID传入下游分支事务,每个分支事务将自己的分支事务ID与XID关联。
- 第二阶段全局事务提交,TC通知各个分支参与者提交事务,其实在第一阶段已经提交了分支事务,这里各个分支参与者只是删除Undo_loh即可,并且可以异步执行,第二阶段很快也可以完成。
- 第二阶段全局事务回滚,TC会通知各个分支参与者回滚分支事务,通过XID 和Branch ID找到响应的回滚日志,通过回滚日志生成反向的SQL并执行,以完成分支事务回滚到之前的状态,如果回滚失败则会重试回滚操作直到成功。
创建数据库
更多版本参考官网:https://github.com/seata/seata/tree/develop/script
seata库
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS `seata`;
CREATE DATABASE `seata` CHARACTER SET 'utf8mb4';
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `global_table`
(
`xid` VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
`transaction_id` BIGINT,
`status` TINYINT NOT NULL,
`application_id` VARCHAR(32),
`transaction_service_group` VARCHAR(32),
`transaction_name` VARCHAR(128),
`timeout` INT,
`begin_time` BIGINT,
`application_data` VARCHAR(2000),
`gmt_create` DATETIME,
`gmt_modified` DATETIME,
PRIMARY KEY (`xid`),
KEY `idx_gmt_modified_status` (`gmt_modified`, `status`),
KEY `idx_transaction_id` (`transaction_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;
-- the table to store BranchSession data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `branch_table`
(
`branch_id` BIGINT NOT NULL,
`xid` VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
`transaction_id` BIGINT,
`resource_group_id` VARCHAR(32),
`resource_id` VARCHAR(256),
`branch_type` VARCHAR(8),
`status` TINYINT,
`client_id` VARCHAR(64),
`application_data` VARCHAR(2000),
`gmt_create` DATETIME(6),
`gmt_modified` DATETIME(6),
PRIMARY KEY (`branch_id`),
KEY `idx_xid` (`xid`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;
-- the table to store lock data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `lock_table`
(
`row_key` VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
`xid` VARCHAR(96),
`transaction_id` BIGINT,
`branch_id` BIGINT NOT NULL,
`resource_id` VARCHAR(256),
`table_name` VARCHAR(32),
`pk` VARCHAR(36),
`gmt_create` DATETIME,
`gmt_modified` DATETIME,
PRIMARY KEY (`row_key`),
KEY `idx_branch_id` (`branch_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;
bank1库,包含张三的账户
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS `bank1`;
CREATE DATABASE `bank1` CHARACTER SET 'utf8mb4';
USE `bank1`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `account_info`;
CREATE TABLE `account_info` (
id bigint ( 20 ) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键',
account_name VARCHAR ( 100 ) COMMENT '账户姓名',
account_no VARCHAR ( 100 ) COMMENT '账户卡号',
account_password VARCHAR ( 100 ) COMMENT '账户密码',
account_balance DECIMAL ( 10,2) COMMENT '账户余额',
PRIMARY KEY ( id )
) COMMENT = '账户表';
INSERT INTO `account_info` VALUES ('1' , '张三的账户','1', '', 10000 );
bank2库,包含李四的账户
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS `bank2`;
CREATE DATABASE `bank2` CHARACTER SET 'utf8mb4';
USE `bank2`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `account_info`;
CREATE TABLE `account_info` (
id bigint ( 20 ) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键',
account_name VARCHAR ( 100 ) COMMENT '账户姓名',
account_no VARCHAR ( 100 ) COMMENT '账户卡号',
account_password VARCHAR ( 100 ) COMMENT '账户密码',
account_balance DECIMAL ( 10,2) COMMENT '账户余额',
PRIMARY KEY ( id )
) COMMENT = '账户表';
INSERT INTO `account_info` VALUES ('1' , '李四的账户','2', '', 0);
seata框架使用 (bank1,bank2都需要执行)
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `undo_log`;
CREATE TABLE `undo_log` (
id bigint ( 20 ) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键',
branch_id bigint ( 20 ) NOT NULL,
xid VARCHAR ( 100 ) NOT NULL,
context VARCHAR ( 128 ) NOT NULL,
rollback_info LONGBLOB NOT NULL,
log_status INT(11) NOT NULL,
log_created datetime NOT NULL,
log_modified datetime NOT NULL,
ext VARCHAR(100) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY ( id ) ,
UNIQUE KEY `un_undo_log` (`xid`,`branch_id`)
) COMMENT = '回滚记录表';
下载安装Seata-Server-1.2.0
下载地址:
https://github.com/seata/seata/releases
解压运行:
XXX/bin/seata-stat.bat
修改配置:
conf/registry.conf
registry {
# file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
type = "nacos"
nacos {
application = "seata-server"
serverAddr = "39.96.3.100"
namespace = ""
cluster = "default"
username = ""
password = ""
}
eureka {
serviceUrl = "http://localhost:8761/eureka"
application = "default"
weight = "1"
}
redis {
serverAddr = "localhost:6379"
db = 0
password = ""
cluster = "default"
timeout = 0
}
zk {
cluster = "default"
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181"
sessionTimeout = 6000
connectTimeout = 2000
username = ""
password = ""
}
consul {
cluster = "default"
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500"
}
etcd3 {
cluster = "default"
serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379"
}
sofa {
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:9603"
application = "default"
region = "DEFAULT_ZONE"
datacenter = "DefaultDataCenter"
cluster = "default"
group = "SEATA_GROUP"
addressWaitTime = "3000"
}
file {
name = "file.conf"
}
}
config {
# file、nacos 、apollo、zk、consul、etcd3
type = "nacos"
nacos {
serverAddr = "39.96.3.100"
namespace = ""
group = "SEATA_GROUP"
username = ""
password = ""
}
consul {
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500"
}
apollo {
appId = "seata-server"
apolloMeta = "http://192.168.1.204:8801"
namespace = "application"
}
zk {
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181"
sessionTimeout = 6000
connectTimeout = 2000
username = ""
password = ""
}
etcd3 {
serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379"
}
file {
name = "file.conf"
}
}
运行你下载的nacos,并参考https://github.com/seata/seata/tree/develop/script/config-center 的config.txt并修改
service.vgroupMapping.my_test_tx_group=default
store.mode=db
store.db.datasource=druid
store.db.dbType=mysql
store.db.driverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
store.db.url=jdbc:mysql://39.96.3.100:3306/bank1?allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC&nullCatalogMeansCurrent=true
store.db.user=username
store.db.password=password
store.db.minConn=5
store.db.maxConn=30
store.db.globalTable=global_table
store.db.branchTable=branch_table
store.db.queryLimit=100
store.db.lockTable=lock_table
store.db.maxWait=5000
运行仓库中提供的nacos脚本,将以上信息提交到nacos控制台,如果有需要更改,可直接通过控制台更改(windows用户安装git )
https://github.com/seata/seata/tree/develop/script/config-center/nacos
提交成功后进入Nacos 查看:
bank1 搭建
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.3.1.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.wry.dtx</groupId>
<artifactId>bank1-server-2pc</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>bank1-server</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR5</spring-cloud.version>
<spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2.2.0.RELEASE</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
<mybatis-plus.version>3.3.2</mybatis-plus.version>
<mysql.version>8.0.19</mysql.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!--seata-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
<version>2.2.0.RELEASE</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>io.seata</groupId>
<artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.seata</groupId>
<artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.2.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- openfeign -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--注册中心客户端-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--web-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis-plus.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
application.yml
server:
port: 8001
spring:
application:
name: bank1-server-2pc
datasource:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://39.96.3.100:3306/bank1?allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC&nullCatalogMeansCurrent=true
username: username
password: password
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: 39.96.3.100:8848
logging:
level:
root: info
mybatis-plus:
mapper-locations: classpath:/mapper/*.xml
typeAliasesPackage: com.wry.dtx.bank1.entity
global-config:
db-config:
field-strategy: not-empty
id-type: auto
db-type: mysql
ribbon:
ReadTimeout: 3000
ConnectTimeout: 3000
seata:
enabled: true
application-id: ${spring.application.name}
tx-service-group: my_test_tx_group
enable-auto-data-source-proxy: true
config:
type: nacos
nacos:
namespace:
serverAddr: 39.96.3.100:8848
group: SEATA_GROUP
userName: ""
password: ""
registry:
type: nacos
nacos:
application: seata-server
server-addr: 39.96.3.100:8848
namespace:
userName: ""
password: ""
启动类
package com.wry.dtx.bank1;
import io.seata.spring.annotation.datasource.EnableAutoDataSourceProxy;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients(basePackages = {"com.wry.dtx.bank1.feign"})
@EnableAutoDataSourceProxy
public class Bank1Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Bank1Application.class, args);
}
}
bank2与bank1 类似。
搭建完毕!
完整的项目代码在gitHub:https://github.com/hobbyWang/DistributedTransaction