SpringMVC—Servlet

MVC简介

模型(dao、service)、视图(Jsp)、控制器(Servlet)，是一种软件设计规范。
业务逻辑、数据、显示分离来控制代码。

MVC框架要做的事情
1、将url映射到java类或java类的方法
2、封装用户提交的数据
3、处理请求–调用相关的业务处理–封装响应数据
4、将响应的数据进行渲染.jsp/html等表示层数据

Servlet实现过程

• 创建项目
  创建一个maven项目
  

• 导入依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>SpringMVC</artifactId>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modules>
        <module>spring-01-servlet</module>
    </modules>

    <!--公共依赖-->
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13.2</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

• 项目下创建module
  

• Add Framework Support
  

• 导入子项目（module）依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>SpringMVC</artifactId>
        <groupId>org.example</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>spring-01-servlet</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

• 创建Servlet实现类

package indi.stitch.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 1、获取前端参数
        String method = req.getParameter("method");
        if(method.equals("add")) {
            req.getSession().setAttribute("msg", "执行了add方法");
        }
        if(method.equals("delete")) {
            req.getSession().setAttribute("msg","执行了delete方法");
        }
        // 2、调用业务层

        // 3、视图转发或者重定向
        req.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/test.jsp").forward(req, resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

• 配置Servlet

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>indi.stitch.servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

<!--    <session-config>-->
<!--       <session-timeout>15</session-timeout> -->
<!--    </session-config>-->
<!--    -->
<!--    <welcome-file-list>-->
<!--        <welcome-file></welcome-file>-->
<!--    </welcome-file-list>-->
</web-app>

• 创建index.jsp首页

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: admin
  Date: 2021/5/12
  Time: 22:30
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>$Title$</title>
  </head>
  <body>
  ${msg}
  </body>
</html>

• 下载配置Tomcat
  现在的Tomcat使用很方便，下载解压即可，具体配置就不介绍了
  IDEA配置Tomcat时需要注意的是要选Tomcat Server，而不是TomcatEE Server
  
• 启动服务，访问Servlet
  配置Tomcat后启动服务，输入地址携带访问参数：
  http://localhost:8080/hello?method=add
  效果如下：
• 项目整体