安卓IPC机制(三)

1.Binder连接池

💡 使用原因：针对多个使用AIDL进行跨进程通信的环境下，不可能对每一个跨进程通信都新建Service连接，这样会给系统资源带来损耗，同时，也会难以维护管理，针对于这种情况下，需要使用Binder连接池来进行管理。

1.1Binder连接池工作机制

💡 如图所示，可以新建一个Service对这些Binder连接进行管理，当需要某个连接时直接返回相对应的连接，说白了就是新建一个AIDL连接，通过这个连接去管理所有的业务，从而避免重复连接。

1.2 代码实现

• 需要binder的业务模块

// ISecurityCenter.aidl
package com.example.artandroidlearn;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements

interface ISecurityCenter {
    /**
     * Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters
     * and return values in AIDL.
     */
    void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat,
            double aDouble, String aString);

    String encrypt(String content);
    String decrypt(String password);
}

package com.example.artandroidlearn;

import android.os.RemoteException;

public class SecurityCenterImpl extends ISecurityCenter.Stub {
    private static final char SECRET_CODE = '^';

    @Override
    public void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat, double aDouble, String aString) throws RemoteException {

    }

    @Override
    public String encrypt(String content) throws RemoteException {
        char[] chars = content.toCharArray();
        for (int i = 0; i < chars.length; i++) {
            chars[i] ^= SECRET_CODE;
        }
        return new String(chars);
    }

    @Override
    public String decrypt(String password) throws RemoteException {
        return encrypt(password);
    }
}

// ICompute.aidl
package com.example.artandroidlearn;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements

interface ICompute {
    /**
     * Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters
     * and return values in AIDL.
     */
    void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat,
            double aDouble, String aString);

    int add(int a,int b);
}

package com.example.artandroidlearn;

import android.os.RemoteException;

public class ComputeImpl extends ICompute.Stub {
    @Override
    public void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat, double aDouble, String aString) throws RemoteException {

    }

    @Override
    public int add(int a, int b) throws RemoteException {
        return a + b;
    }
}

• binder连接池实现

// IBinderPool.aidl
package com.example.artandroidlearn;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements

interface IBinderPool {
    /**
     * Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters
     * and return values in AIDL.
     */
    void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat,
            double aDouble, String aString);
    IBinder queryBinder(int binderCode);
}

package com.example.artandroidlearn.Service;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;

import androidx.annotation.Nullable;

import com.example.artandroidlearn.BinderPool;

public class BinderPoolService extends Service {

    private static final String TAG = "BinderPoolService";
    private BinderPool.BinderPoolImpl mBinderPool = new BinderPool.BinderPoolImpl();

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        Log.d(TAG, "onBinder");
        return mBinderPool;
    }
}

package com.example.artandroidlearn;

import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.util.Log;

import com.example.artandroidlearn.Service.BinderPoolService;

import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;

public class BinderPool {
    private static final String TAG = "BinderPool";
    public static final int BINDER_NONE = -1;
    public static final int BINDER_COMPUTER = 0;
    public static final int BINDER_SECURITY_CENTER = 1;

    private Context mContext;
    private IBinderPool mBinderPool;
    private static volatile BinderPool sInstance;
    private CountDownLatch mConnectBinderPoolCountDownLatch;

    public BinderPool(Context context) {
        this.mContext = context.getApplicationContext();
        connectBinderPoolService();
    }

    public static BinderPool getInstance(Context context) {
        if (sInstance == null) {
            synchronized (BinderPool.class) {
                sInstance = new BinderPool(context);
            }
        }
        return sInstance;
    }

    private synchronized void connectBinderPoolService() {
        mConnectBinderPoolCountDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
        Intent service = new Intent(mContext, BinderPoolService.class);
        mContext.bindService(service, mBinderPoolConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
        try {
            mConnectBinderPoolCountDownLatch.await();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public IBinder queryBinder(int binderCode) {
        IBinder binder = null;
        try {
            if (mBinderPool != null) {
                binder = mBinderPool.queryBinder(binderCode);
            }
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return binder;
    }

    private ServiceConnection mBinderPoolConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
            mBinderPool = IBinderPool.Stub.asInterface(service);
            try {
                mBinderPool.asBinder().linkToDeath(mBinderPoolDeathRecipient, 0);
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            mConnectBinderPoolCountDownLatch.countDown();
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {

        }
    };
    private IBinder.DeathRecipient mBinderPoolDeathRecipient = new IBinder.DeathRecipient() {
        @Override
        public void binderDied() {
            Log.w(TAG, "binder died");
            mBinderPool.asBinder().unlinkToDeath(mBinderPoolDeathRecipient, 0);
            mBinderPool = null;
            connectBinderPoolService();
        }
    };

    public static class BinderPoolImpl extends IBinderPool.Stub {

        public BinderPoolImpl() {
            super();
        }

        @Override
        public void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat, double aDouble, String aString) throws RemoteException {

        }

        @Override
        public IBinder queryBinder(int binderCode) throws RemoteException {
            IBinder binder = null;
            switch (binderCode) {
                case BINDER_SECURITY_CENTER:
                    binder = new SecurityCenterImpl();
                    break;
                case BINDER_COMPUTER:
                    binder = new ComputeImpl();
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
            return binder;
        }
    }
}

💡 这里使用CountDownLatch 将异步操作变成了同步操作，因此在客户端实现需要将相应操作放在子线程里面去执行，防止调用过程耗时，此外BinderPool 是一个单实例，只会实例化一次，不管有多少个连接，都只有这一个Service ，另外这里设置了断线重连机制，因此断开会自动重连。

• 客户端实现

package com.example.artandroidlearn.activity;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.util.Log;

import com.example.artandroidlearn.BinderPool;
import com.example.artandroidlearn.ComputeImpl;
import com.example.artandroidlearn.ICompute;
import com.example.artandroidlearn.ISecurityCenter;
import com.example.artandroidlearn.R;
import com.example.artandroidlearn.SecurityCenterImpl;

public class BinderPoolActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private static final StringTAG= "BinderPoolActivity";
    private ISecurityCenter mSecurityCenter;
    private ICompute mICompute;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_binder_pool);
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                doWork();
            }
        }).start();
    }

    public void doWork() {
        BinderPool binderPool = BinderPool.getInstance(this);
        IBinder securityBinder = binderPool.queryBinder(BinderPool.BINDER_SECURITY_CENTER);
        mSecurityCenter = (ISecurityCenter) SecurityCenterImpl.asInterface(securityBinder);
        Log.d(TAG, "visit center");
        try {
            String password = mSecurityCenter.encrypt("wenghailin");
            Log.d(TAG, password);
            Log.d(TAG, mSecurityCenter.decrypt(password));
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        Log.d(TAG, "visit compute");
        IBinder computeBinder = binderPool.queryBinder(BinderPool.BINDER_COMPUTER);
        mICompute = (ICompute) ComputeImpl.asInterface(computeBinder);
        try {
            Log.d(TAG, Integer.toString(mICompute.add(1, 2)));
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}