MySQL的数据查询

MySQL数据库查询判断是否为空：

is null          为空的数据查询命令

is not null    不为空的数据命令查询
输入数据
create table t1(id int, name varchar(10));
insert into t1(id) values(1),(2);
insert into t1 values(3,'tongyao');

select * from t1 where name is not null;    表中names不为空的数据导出
select * from t1 where name is null;           表中names为空的数据导出
```

MySQl数据的逻辑判断

```mysql
and  or not
按照条件来判断：
select * from students where 16<=age and age<=21;
select * from students where age<=16 or age >=22;
select * from students where not age=16;

```

MySQL数据的排序

```mysql
order by

正序     select * from students order by age;
倒序     select * from students order by age desc;
```

MySQL数据库的限制

```mysql
limit

展示5条数据
select * from students limit 5;

从第4条数据开始输出3条
select * from students limit 3,3;
```

MySQL数据库的去重

```mysql
distinct

select distinct subject_number from grades;

```

MySQL的 模糊查询

```mysql
like
select * from students where name like 'xi%';     # % 任意多个
select * from students where name like 'li__';     # _ 匹配任意一个
```

MySQL的范围查询

```mysql
between
# age 在 (1,16,17,22)   这里面的就全部展示
 select * from students where age in (1,16,17,22);

# 一个区间内所有的数据      16到22所有的数据
select * from students where age between 16 and 22;

```

MySQL的聚合函数

```mysql
select count(*) from students;
select count(name) from students;
select  sum(age) from students;
select  avg(age) from students;
（）
```

MySQL的分组

```mysql
# 通过      subject_number,grade      进行分组 然后做筛选
select subject_number,grade,count(*) from grades group by subject_number,grade having grade>=80;

where    having
```

MySQL的子查询

```mysql
# 每一个派生表 必须有自己的名字   as tongyao 这种方式
select * from (select * from students order by age limit 5) as tongyao  where age <18;

统计出0001和0002分别有多少人
统计出0001中age 大于18岁的人数