centos7 挂载新硬盘并修改mariadb的存放路径

环境 CentOS7.4

mariadb 5.5

原则上yum安装的mariadb都可以

因为/var/lib/mysql 和/etc/my.cnf的路径都是一样的

之所以要进行这个操作时因为zabbix的历史问题日志把磁盘写满了,只能新加一个硬盘把mysql存放路径改一改

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我这个是已经挂载好了,但是步骤都是一样的

首先添加一个硬盘,

查看 fdisk -l

[root@sm-zabbix mysql]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 128.8 GB, 128849018880 bytes, 251658240 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000d7265

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         2099200    10487807     4194304   82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3        10487808   251658239   120585216   83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 1099.5 GB, 1099511627776 bytes, 2147483648 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

了解到新增的为/dev/sdb

然后 fdisk /dev/sdb

然后依次输入np回车回车w

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 
First sector (2048-2147483647, default 2048): 
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-2147483647, default 2147483647): 
Using default value 2147483647
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 1024 GiB is set

[root@sm-zabbix mysql]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xfa020d7f.

Command (m for help): m
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   g   create a new empty GPT partition table
   G   create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

m查看操作选项,n是新建一个分区,然后选择分区类型,p是主分区,两下回车就是默认扇形区域,代表选择/dev/sdb下的所有空间,最后按w保存

分区分好之后就是格式化,这里我们选择格式化为xfs格式的

mkfs.xfs -f /dev/sdb

然后新建一个/data目录

挂载上去

mount -t xfs /dev/sdb /data

[root@sm-zabbix mysql]# df -Th
Filesystem     Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3      xfs       115G  4.7G  111G   5% /
devtmpfs       devtmpfs  3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs          tmpfs     3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs          tmpfs     3.9G  8.9M  3.9G   1% /run
tmpfs          tmpfs     3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sdb       xfs       1.0T   62M  1.0T   1% /data
/dev/sda1      xfs      1014M  174M  841M  18% /boot
tmpfs          tmpfs     783M   12K  783M   1% /run/user/42
tmpfs          tmpfs     783M     0  783M   0% /run/user/0

此时通过df -TH就可以看到已挂载好了,然后就是设置开机挂载

vim /etc/fstab

UUID=08749ee0-0982-4b75-8d57-dd5b10543557 /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=c71dd609-a108-4585-aa7f-b4bb1548e2d7 /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=984a1a4e-6415-49cc-809e-5de22137e0ac swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
/dev/sdb /data                   xfs     defaults        0 0

把最后一行加上就是了,复制第一二行的然后粘贴到最后把相关的改一下就行了,至此挂载硬盘就已经完成,不放心的可以再重启试下,接下来开始变更mysql存放路径了

首先关掉mariadb

systemctl stop mariadb

把数据库放置的位置变一下(以下的yum安装的路径,如果是源码编译或者其他方式安装的,请参照/etc/my.cnf文件中的位置,ps:话说源码编译的my.cnf的路径是不是也变了? 那你find / -name my.cnf 自己找一找吧)

cp -a /var/lib/mysql /data # -a 是保留文件 文件夹的权限

[root@sm-zabbix ~]# cd /data/
[root@sm-zabbix data]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 5 mysql mysql 177 Jan 18 15:16 mysql
[root@sm-zabbix data]# 

然后

vim /etc/my.cnf 

[mysqld]
#datadir=/var/lib/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
#socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock

然后启动mariadb

systemctl start mariadb

启动没报错就把之前/var/lib/mysql下的删掉吧

最后如果是zabbix的话这样一番操作会有报错,大意是不能连接到/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

这时候ln -s /data/mysql/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock 就可以了

如果需要安装zabbix的方法可以看看我之前的文章,链接我自己也懒得找链接放过来