SpringMVC
回顾Servlet
1.新建一个Maven工程父工程！导入pom依赖
<!-- 依赖--> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.13</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
2.建立一个Moudle：springmvc-01-servlet，添加web app支持！
3.导入servlet和jsp的jar依赖
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.1</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
4.编写一个Servlet，用来处理用户请求
package com.hniu.servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//获取前端数据
String method=req.getParameter("method");
if (method.equals("add")){
req.getSession().setAttribute("msg","执行了add方法");
}else {
req.getSession().setAttribute("msg","执行了delete方法");
}
//调用业务层
//视图层转发或者重定向
req.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/test.jsp").forward(req,resp);
}
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(req,resp);
}
}
5.编写jsp页面
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: zwf12
Date: 2022/1/19
Time: 11:35
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
${msg}
</body>
</html>
结果:
总结：MVC框架要做哪些事
-
将url映射到java类或java方法
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封装用户提交的数据
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处理请求--调用相关的业务处理--封装响应数据
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将响应数据进行渲染.jsp/html等表示层数据
helloSpringmvc
步骤：
-
新建Springmvc-02-helloController
-
web.xml中绑定spring配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd" version="4.0"> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!--DispatcherServlet要绑定Spring的配置文件--> <!--springmvc-servlet.xml这个文件是要新建在resources路径下--> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value> </init-param> <!--启动级别：1 表示电脑启动的时候就启动--> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <!--在SpringMVC中，/ /* 这两个斜杠 / ：只匹配所有的请求，不会去匹配jsp页面 /* ：匹配所有的请求，包括jsp页面--> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
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在resources中新建springmvc-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/ http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!-- 5.添加处理映射器--> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/> <!-- 6.添加处理适配器--> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/> <!-- 7.添加视图解析器--> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver"> <!--前缀--> <property name="prefix" value="jsp/"/> <!--后缀--> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> <bean class="com.hniu.collect.HelloController" id="/hello"/> </beans>
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编写HelloController测试
package com.hniu.collect; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; public class HelloController implements Controller { @Override public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws Exception { ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView(); System.out.println("Mo++++++"); //业务代码 String result = "HelloSpringMvc"; mv.addObject("msg",result); //视图跳转，这里的test会返回带视图解析器添加前缀和后缀 mv.setViewName("test"); return mv; } } -
新建test.jsp页面
<%-- Created by IntelliJ IDEA. User: zwf12 Date: 2022/1/19 Time: 17:34 To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates. --%> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> ${msg} </body> </html> 结果：在页面访问hello 输出HelloSpringMvc
遇到的错误：
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找不到页面：将jar包加到部署的项目里
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报[HTTP Status 500-Servlet.init() for servlet
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解决方法
1.JDK与springframework版本不适配
如果你的JDK是1.8及以上，那么springframwork版本最好使用4.3以上的，版本适配挺重要，可参考：
Servlet.init() for servlet springmvc threw exception报错解决_lightpeak的博客-CSDN博客
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idea创建XML时默认XML约束为cache，参考
Servlet.init() for servlet springmvc threw exception报错解决_lightpeak的博客-CSDN博客
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