Python数据分析实战【第三章】2.8-时间模块：datetime【python】

【课程2.8】 时间模块：datetime

datetime模块，主要掌握：datetime.date(), datetime.datetime(), datetime.timedelta()

日期解析方法：parser.parse

1.datetime.date：date对象

import datetime  # 也可以写 from datetime import date

today = datetime.date.today()
print(today,type(today))
print(str(today),type(str(today)))
# datetime.date.today 返回今日
# 输出格式为 date类

t = datetime.date(2016,6,1)
print(t)
# (年，月，日) → 直接得到当时日期
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
2017-12-26 <class 'datetime.date'>
2017-12-26 <class 'str'>
2016-06-01

2.datetime.datetime：datetime对象

now = datetime.datetime.now()
print(now,type(now))
print(str(now),type(str(now))) 
# .now()方法，输出当前时间
# 输出格式为 datetime类
# 可通过str()转化为字符串

t1 = datetime.datetime(2016,6,1)
t2 = datetime.datetime(2014,1,1,12,44,33)
print(t1,t2)
# (年，月，日，时，分，秒)，至少输入年月日

t2-t1
# 相减得到时间差 —— timedelta
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
2017-12-26 11:50:04.769222 <class 'datetime.datetime'>
2017-12-26 11:50:04.769222 <class 'str'>
2016-06-01 00:00:00 2014-01-01 12:44:33
datetime.timedelta(-882, 45873)

3.datetime.timedelta：时间差

today = datetime.datetime.today()  # datetime.datetime也有today()方法
yestoday = today - datetime.timedelta(1)  # 
print(today)
print(yestoday)
print(today - datetime.timedelta(7))
# 时间差主要用作时间的加减法，相当于可被识别的时间“差值”
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
2017-12-26 11:50:06.484283
2017-12-25 11:50:06.484283
2017-12-19 11:50:06.484283