Sql Server学习笔记2: 通用数据访问类 SQLHelper

通用数据访问类:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
//这个是SQLServer数据库访问必备的
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Configuration;

namespace DAL
{
    /// <summary>
    ///  通用数据访问类
    /// </summary>
    class SQLHelper
    {

        // private static readonly string connString = "Server=.;DataBase=StudentManageDB;Uid=sa;Pwd=password01!";

        private static readonly string connString =
            ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["connString"].ToString();


        /// <summary>
        /// 执行增、删、改（insert/update/delete）
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sql"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static int Update(string sql)
        {
             //创建连接
            SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connString);
            //创建command对象
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, conn);
            try
            {
                conn.Open(); //打开连接
                return cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();这个方法就是执行insert、update和delete类型的sql语句                         
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
            	//根据需要把异常信息写到日志中...
                throw e;
            }
            finally
            {
				 conn.Close(); //关闭连接
            }       
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 执行单一结果查询（select）
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sql"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static object GetSingleResult(string sql)
        {
            SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connString);
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, conn);
            try
            {
                conn.Open();
                object result = cmd.ExecuteScalar();//这个方法可以执行返回单行单列的查询 
                return result;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
            finally
            {
                conn.Close();
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 执行多结果查询（select）
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sql"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static SqlDataReader GetReader(string sql)
        {
            SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connString);
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, conn);
            try
            {
                conn.Open();
                //执行查询, 这个执行完毕后，其实数据还是在数据库端
                SqlDataReader objReader = cmd.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior.CloseConnection);
                return objReader;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                conn.Close();
                throw ex;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 执行返回数据集的查询
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sql"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static DataSet GetDataSet(string sql)
        {
            SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connString);
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, conn);
            SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd); //创建数据适配器对象
            DataSet ds = new DataSet();//创建一个内存数据集
            try
            {
                conn.Open();
                da.Fill(ds);  //使用数据适配器填充数据集
                return ds;  //返回数据集
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
            finally
            {
                conn.Close();
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 启用事务执行多条SQL语句
        /// </summary>      
        /// <param name="sqlList">SQL语句列表</param>      
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool UpdateByTran(List<string> sqlList)
        {
            SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connString);
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
            cmd.Connection = conn;
            try
            {
                conn.Open();
                cmd.Transaction = conn.BeginTransaction();   //开启事务
                foreach (string itemSql in sqlList)//循环提交SQL语句
                {
                    cmd.CommandText = itemSql;
                    cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
                }
                cmd.Transaction.Commit();  //提交事务(同时自动清除事务)
                return true;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                if (cmd.Transaction != null)
                    cmd.Transaction.Rollback();//回滚事务(同时自动清除事务)
                throw new Exception("调用事务方法UpdateByTran(List<string> sqlList)时出现错误：" + ex.Message);
            }
            finally
            {
                if (cmd.Transaction != null)
                    cmd.Transaction = null;
                conn.Close();
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取服务器的时间
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static DateTime GetServerTime()
        {
            return Convert.ToDateTime(GetSingleResult("select getdate()"));
        }
    }
}