Tkinter(一)

本篇介绍一下几个知识点:
(1)Label与Button
(2)Entry与Text

(1)Label与Button

import tkinter as tk

window = tk.Tk() #对象,object
window.title('my window')
window.geometry('500x300') #geometry译为几何。

var = tk.StringVar() #是tkinter里面类似字符串的类型
l = tk.Label(window,textvariable = var,bg = 'green',font = ('Arial',12),width = 15,height = 2)
l.pack() #可以用pack放置,也可以明确一个坐标放置


on_hit = False
def hit_me():
    global on_hit
    if on_hit == False:
        on_hit = True
        var.set('you hit me')
    else:
        on_hit = False
        var.set('')


b = tk.Button(window,text = 'hit me',width = 15,height = 2,command = hit_me)
b.pack()

window.mainloop()# 更新窗口数据

自己编写的程序,业余练习01

import tkinter as tk

pingcha = tk.Tk()
pingcha.title('北斗导航系统')
pingcha.geometry('700x500')

#设置两个字符串
var1 = tk.StringVar()
var2 = tk.StringVar()

#设置两个label
l = tk.Label(pingcha,textvariable = var1,bg = 'blue',font = ('Arial',15),width = 20,height = 3)
l.pack()
m = tk.Label(pingcha,textvariable = var2,bg = 'green',font = ('Arial',15),width = 20,height = 3)
m.pack()

#不仅可以放置字符串,也可以放置数字
def LvBoTuiGu():
    a1 = 45
    a2 = 98
    a3 = a1-a2
    a4 = a1+a2
    if a1>a2:
        var2.set(a3)
    else:
        var2.set(a4)


var1.set('近代平差理论')
anniu1 = tk.Button(pingcha,text = '最小二乘与滤波',width = 25,height = 3,command = LvBoTuiGu)
anniu1.pack()

(2)Entry与Text

import tkinter as tk

window = tk.Tk() #对象,object
window.title('my window')
window.geometry('500x300')

e = tk.Entry(window,show = '6')#show = '*'
e.pack()

def insert_point():
    var = e.get()
    t.insert('insert',var)

def insert_end():
    var = e.get()
    t.insert('end',var)#t.insert(1.1,var),第一行,第一位


b1 = tk.Button(window,text = 'insert point',width = 15,height = 2,command = insert_point)
b1.pack()
b2 = tk.Button(window,text = 'insert end',width = 15,height = 2,command = insert_end)
b2.pack()


t = tk.Text(window,height = 2)
t.pack()

window.mainloop()# 更新窗口数据
# entry text

自己编写的程序,业余练习02

import tkinter as tk
import string

w1 = tk.Tk()

w1.title('北斗导航系统')
w1.geometry('500x300')

e1 = tk.Entry(w1,show = '')
e1.pack()

e2 = tk.Entry(w1,show = '')
e2.pack()


def plus():
    var1 = float(e1.get()) #接受两个数字,转换为数字型
    var2 = float(e2.get())

    var3 = var1-var2
    var4 = var3*var1

    t.insert('insert',var4) #将最终的计算结果,插入到t里面

b1 = tk.Button(w1,text = '最小二乘配置解',width = 15,height = 2,command = plus)
b1.pack()

t = tk.Text(w1,height = 2)
t.pack()

附加本次学习的所有原始代码:

## Tkinter
'''

import tkinter as tk

window = tk.Tk() #对象,object
window.title('my window')
window.geometry('500x300')

var = tk.StringVar()
l = tk.Label(window,textvariable = var,bg = 'green',font = ('Arial',12),width = 15,height = 2)
l.pack()


on_hit = False
def hit_me():
    global on_hit
    if on_hit == False:
        on_hit = True
        var.set('you hit me')
    else:
        on_hit = False
        var.set('')


b = tk.Button(window,text = 'hit me',width = 15,height = 2,command = hit_me)
b.pack()

window.mainloop()# 更新窗口数据

'''






import tkinter as tk

window = tk.Tk() #对象,object
window.title('my window')
window.geometry('500x300')

e = tk.Entry(window,show = '6')#show = '*'
e.pack()

def insert_point():
    var = e.get()
    t.insert('insert',var)

def insert_end():
    var = e.get()
    t.insert('end',var)#t.insert(1.1,var),第一行,第一位


b1 = tk.Button(window,text = 'insert point',width = 15,height = 2,command = insert_point)
b1.pack()
b2 = tk.Button(window,text = 'insert end',width = 15,height = 2,command = insert_end)
b2.pack()


t = tk.Text(window,height = 2)
t.pack()

window.mainloop()# 更新窗口数据
# entry text

Abstract Describes the Tkinter widget set for constructing graphical user interfaces (GUIs) in the Python programming language. This publication is available in Web form1 and also as a PDF document2. Please forward any comments to tcc-doc@nmt.edu. Table of Contents 1. What is Tkinter?.......................................................................................................................3 2. A minimal application..............................................................................................................3 3. Definitions..............................................................................................................................4 4. Layout management.................................................................................................................5 4.1. The .grid() method....................................................................................................5 4.2. Other grid management methods...................................................................................6 4.3. Configuring column and row sizes.................................................................................7 4.4. Making the root window resizeable................................................................................8 5. Standard attributes...................................................................................................................8 5.1. Dimensions...................................................................................................................9 5.2. The coordinate system...................................................................................................9 5.3. Colors...........................................................................................................................9 5.4. Type fonts...................................................................................................................10 5.5. Anchors......................................................................................................................11 5.6. Relief styles.................................................................................................................12 5.7. Bitmaps.......................................................................................................................12 5.8. Cursors.......................................................................................................................12 5.9. Images........................................................................................................................14 5.10. Geometry strings........................................................................................................14 5.11. Window names...........................................................................................................15 5.12. Cap and join styles.....................................................................................................15 5.13. Dash patterns.............................................................................................................16 5.14. Matching stipple patterns............................................................................................16 6. The Button widget................................................................................................................17 7. The Canvas widget................................................................................................................19 7.1. Canvas coordinates......................................................................................................20 7.2. The Canvas display list................................................................................................20 7.3. Canvas object IDs........................................................................................................21 7.4. Canvas tags................................................................................................................21 1http://www.nmt.edu/tcc/help/pubs/tkinter/ 2http://www.nmt.edu/tcc/help/pubs/tkinter/tkinter.pdf 1 Tkinter reference New Mexico Tech Computer Center 7.5. CanvastagOrId arguments......................................................................................21 7.6. Methods on Canvas widgets........................................................................................21 7.7. Canvas arc objects.......................................................................................................26 7.8. Canvas bitmap objects.................................................................................................28 7.9. Canvas image objects..................................................................................................29 7.10. Canvas line objects.....................................................................................................29 7.11. Canvas oval objects....................................................................................................31 7.12. Canvas polygon objects..............................................................................................32 7.13. Canvas rectangle objects.............................................................................................34 7.14. Canvas text objects.....................................................................................................35 7.15. Canvas window objects..............................................................................................36 8. The Checkbutton widget......................................................................................................37 9. The Entry widget..................................................................................................................40 9.1. Scrolling an Entry widget............................................................................................43 10. The Frame widget................................................................................................................43 11. The Label widget................................................................................................................44 12. The LabelFrame widget......................................................................................................46 13. The Listbox widget............................................................................................................48 13.1. Scrolling a Listbox widget........................................................................................52 14. The Menu widget..................................................................................................................52 14.1. Menu item creation (coption) options.........................................................................55 14.2. Top-level menus.........................................................................................................56 15. The Menubutton widget......................................................................................................57 16. The Message widget............................................................................................................59 17. The OptionMenu widget.......................................................................................................60 18. The PanedWindow widget....................................................................................................61 18.1. PanedWindow child configuration options...................................................................63 19. The Radiobutton widget....................................................................................................64 20. The Scale widget................................................................................................................67 21. The Scrollbar widget........................................................................................................70 21.1. The Scrollbarcommand callback............................................................................72 21.2. Connecting a Scrollbar to another widget................................................................73 22. The Spinbox widget............................................................................................................73 23. The Text widget..................................................................................................................78 23.1. Text widget indices...................................................................................................80 23.2. Text widget marks....................................................................................................81 23.3. Text widget images...................................................................................................82 23.4. Text widget windows...............................................................................................82 23.5. Text widget tags.......................................................................................................82 23.6. Setting tabs in a Text widget......................................................................................83 23.7. The Text widget undo/redo stack..............................................................................83 23.8. Methods on Text widgets..........................................................................................84 24. Toplevel: Top-level window methods..................................................................................91 25. Universal widget methods.....................................................................................................93 26. Standardizing appearance...................................................................................................101 26.1. How to name a widget class......................................................................................102 26.2. How to name a widget instance.................................................................................102 26.3. Resource specification lines.......................................................................................102 26.4. Rules for resource matching......................................................................................103 27. Connecting your application logic to the widgets...................................................................104 28. Control variables: the values behind the widgets...................................................................104 29. Focus: routing keyboard input.............................................................................................106 New Mexico Tech Computer Center Tkinter reference 2 30. Events................................................................................................................................107 30.1. Levels of binding......................................................................................................108 30.2. Event sequences.......................................................................................................109 30.3. Event types..............................................................................................................109 30.4. Event modifiers........................................................................................................110 30.5. Key names...............................................................................................................111 30.6. Writing your handler: The Event class......................................................................113 30.7. The extra arguments trick..........................................................................................115 30.8. Virtual events...........................................................................................................116 31. Pop-up dialogs....................................................................................................................116 31.1. The tkMessageBox dialogs module..........................................................................116 31.2. The tkFileDialog module.....................................................................................118 31.3. The tkColorChooser module.................................................................................119
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