给定两个单词(beginWord 和 endWord)和一个字典,找到从 beginWord 到 endWord 的最短转换序列的长度。转换需遵循如下规则:
每次转换只能改变一个字母。
转换过程中的中间单词必须是字典中的单词。
说明:
如果不存在这样的转换序列,返回 0。
所有单词具有相同的长度。
所有单词只由小写字母组成。
字典中不存在重复的单词。
你可以假设 beginWord 和 endWord 是非空的,且二者不相同。
示例 1:
输入:
beginWord = "hit",
endWord = "cog",
wordList = ["hot","dot","dog","lot","log","cog"]
输出: 5
解释: 一个最短转换序列是 "hit" -> "hot" -> "dot" -> "dog" -> "cog",
返回它的长度 5。
示例 2:
输入:
beginWord = "hit"
endWord = "cog"
wordList = ["hot","dot","dog","lot","log"]
输出: 0
解释: endWord "cog" 不在字典中,所以无法进行转换。
class Solution:
def ladderLength(self, beginWord: str, endWord: str, wordList: List[str]) -> int:
wordSet = set(wordList)
if endWord not in wordSet:
return 0
queue = [(beginWord, 1)]
visited = set()
while queue:
word, step = queue.pop(0)
if word not in visited:
if word == endWord:
return step
visited.add(word)
for i in range(len(word)):
for j in 'qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnm':
temp = word[:i] + j + word[i+1:]
if temp in wordSet and temp not in visited:
queue.append((temp, step+1))
return 0