P2854 [USACO06DEC]牛的过山车Cow Roller Coaster
题目描述
The cows are building a roller coaster! They want your help to design as fun a roller coaster as possible, while keeping to the budget.
The roller coaster will be built on a long linear stretch of land of length L (1 ≤ L ≤ 1,000). The roller coaster comprises a collection of some of the N (1 ≤ N ≤ 10,000) different interchangable components. Each component i has a fixed length Wi (1 ≤ Wi ≤ L). Due to varying terrain, each component i can be only built starting at location Xi (0 ≤ Xi ≤ L - Wi). The cows want to string together various roller coaster components starting at 0 and ending at L so that the end of each component (except the last) is the start of the next component.
Each component i has a “fun rating” Fi (1 ≤ Fi ≤ 1,000,000) and a cost Ci (1 ≤ Ci ≤ 1000). The total fun of the roller coster is the sum of the fun from each component used; the total cost is likewise the sum of the costs of each component used. The cows’ total budget is B (1 ≤ B ≤ 1000). Help the cows determine the most fun roller coaster that they can build with their budget.
奶牛们正打算造一条过山车轨道.她们希望你帮忙,找出最有趣,但又符合预算 的方案. 过山车的轨道由若干钢轨首尾相连,由x=0处一直延伸到X=L(1≤L≤1000)处.现有N(1≤N≤10000)根钢轨,每根钢轨的起点 Xi(0≤Xi≤L- Wi),长度wi(l≤Wi≤L),有趣指数Fi(1≤Fi≤1000000),成本Ci(l≤Ci≤1000)均己知.请确定一 种最优方案,使得选用的钢轨的有趣指数之和最大,同时成本之和不超过B(1≤B≤1000).
输入输出格式
输入格式:
Line 1: Three space-separated integers: L, N and B.
Lines 2..N+1: Line i+1 contains four space-separated integers, respectively: Xi, Wi, Fi, and Ci.
输出格式:
Line 1: A single integer that is the maximum fun value that a roller-coaster can have while staying within the budget and meeting all the other constraints. If it is not possible to build a roller-coaster within budget, output -1.
输入输出样例
输入样例#1: 复制
5 6 10
0 2 20 6
2 3 5 6
0 1 2 1
1 1 1 3
1 2 5 4
3 2 10 2
输出样例#1: 复制
17
说明
Taking the 3rd, 5th and 6th components gives a connected roller-coaster with fun value 17 and cost 7.
Taking the first two components would give a more fun roller-coaster (25) but would be over budget.
思路
- 本题与01背包相似
- 但不同的是添加了对长度与位置的限制
- 那么只要在一维的01背包基础上增加一维表示位置即可
- $f[k,j]$表示使用j钱铺到k的最优值,$g[]$表示欢乐值,$w[]$表示长度,$c[]$表示费用
$$if(x[i]+w[i]=k) f[k,j]=max(f[k-w[i],j-c[i]]+g[i],f[k,j])$$