首先ThreadLocalRandom的出现是为了解决什么问题?
就是为了解决在多线程下使用单个Random实例生成随机数时,当多个线程同时计算随机数来计算新的种子时,多个线程会竞争同一个原子变量的更新操作,由于原子变量的更新是CAS操作,同时只有一个线程会成功,所以会造成大量线程进行自旋重试,这会降低并发性能。
而ThreadLocalRandom会使用初始化它的线程来填充seed,如果你把它在线程之间共享,就会导致多个线程使用相同的 seed,进而产生的随机数一样。
说明白点就是用法错了,设计者的初衷就是希望在各个线程下独立的实例。
错误用法:
public static void main(String[] args) {
ThreadLocalRandom threadLocalRandom = ThreadLocalRandom.current();
Thread thread1 = new Thread(()->{
for (int i=0;i<10;i++){
System.out.println("Thread1:"+threadLocalRandom.nextInt(10));
}
});
Thread thread2 = new Thread(()->{
for (int i=0;i<10;i++){
System.out.println("Thread2:"+threadLocalRandom.nextInt(10));
}
});
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
}
输出:
Thread1:4
Thread2:4
Thread1:9
Thread2:9
Thread1:8
Thread2:8
Thread1:5
Thread2:5
Thread1:6
Thread2:6
Thread1:4
Thread2:4
Thread1:7
Thread2:7
Thread1:1
Thread1:7
Thread1:1
Thread2:1
Thread2:7
Thread2:1
正确用法:
public static void main(String[] args) {
Thread thread1 = new Thread(()->{
for (int i=0;i<10;i++){
System.out.println("Thread1:"+ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(10));
}
});
Thread thread2 = new Thread(()->{
for (int i=0;i<10;i++){
System.out.println("Thread2:"+ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(10));
}
});
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
}
输出:
Thread2:5
Thread1:6
Thread2:0
Thread1:8
Thread2:3
Thread1:9
Thread2:1
Thread2:6
Thread2:2
Thread2:2
Thread2:7
Thread1:4
Thread2:4
Thread1:9
Thread2:3
Thread1:7
Thread1:1
Thread1:5
Thread1:4
Thread1:9