Android 动态权限判断是否允许的几种方式及测试

一、说在前面

由于各个系统厂商定制，checkSelfPermission在有些机型上是始终为0的（也就是允许），这个问题非常头疼嘞，于是手持一加对三种方式进行了测试。
以read_sms权限为例

二、检查方式

1. 常用的检查

ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, permission)
println("self权限: $permissionState")

2. ops系统检查

val op = AppOpsManager.permissionToOp(android.Manifest.permission.READ_SMS)
val appOpsManager = getSystemService(AppOpsManager::class.java)

val result = appOpsManager.noteProxyOp(op, packageName)
println("OPS权限: $result")

3.ops系统检查(方法已过时弃用了)

val appOpsManager = getSystemService(AppOpsManager::class.java)

val checkResult = appOpsManager.checkOpNoThrow(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_FINE_LOCATION, Binder.getCallingUid(), packageName)
println("OPS2权限: $checkResult")

三、结果条件

1. PackageManager结果

1. PERMISSION_GRANTED 0: 允许
2. PERMISSION_DENIED 1: 未允许

2. ops结果

1. AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED 0: 允许
2. AppOpsManager.MODE_IGNORED 1: 禁止
3. AppOpsManager.MODE_ERRORED 2: 出错
4. AppOpsManager.MODE_FOREGROUND 3: 询问
   3.测试代码

 override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.main_activity)
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 		val permissionState = checkSelfPermission(android.Manifest.permission.READ_SMS)
        var smg = ""
        when (permissionState) {
            PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED -> smg = "有权限"

            PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED -> smg = "未获取权限"

        }
        println("self权限: $permissionState  $smg")

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

        val op = AppOpsManager.permissionToOp(android.Manifest.permission.READ_SMS)
        val appOpsManager = getSystemService(AppOpsManager::class.java)

        val result = appOpsManager!!.noteProxyOp(op, packageName)
        var smg1 = ""
        when (result) {
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED -> smg1 = "有权限"

            AppOpsManager.MODE_IGNORED -> smg1 = "无权限"

            AppOpsManager.MODE_ERRORED -> smg1 = "检查出错"

            AppOpsManager.MODE_FOREGROUND -> smg1 = "询问"
        }
        println("OPS权限: $result  $smg1")

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

        val checkResult = appOpsManager.checkOpNoThrow(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_FINE_LOCATION, Binder.getCallingUid(), packageName)
        var smg2 = ""
        when (result) {
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED -> smg2 = "有权限"

            AppOpsManager.MODE_IGNORED -> smg2 = "无权限"

            AppOpsManager.MODE_ERRORED -> smg2 = "检查出错"

            AppOpsManager.MODE_FOREGROUND -> smg2 = "询问"
        }
        println("OPS2权限: $checkResult  $smg2")

四、打印结果

1. 允许

一加5T 9.0.0

华为MATE8 9.0.0

小米MAX2 7.1.1

2. 禁止

一加5T

华为MATE8

小米MAX2

3. 询问

一加5T

小米MAX2 ，小米在这里自动弹出权限申请框

无操作后自动拒绝

选择允许后

五、结论

用了两款手机测试，上图很明显，appOpsManager.checkOpNoThrow可以直接废弃了，而另外两种方式可以结合使用进行交叉验证。

• 方式1在一加上只有允许权限生效了，小米正常（一加上一直如此，大部分系统没问题）

• 方式2判断非常准确，虽然只辨别出了有和无

• 权限状态分为三种（允许、禁止、询问）的机型
• 权限状态分为两种（允许、禁止）的机型
  都可以使用前两种方式交叉验证，下面贴上代码。

		fun hasPermission(context: Context, permission: String): Boolean {
            if (!isOverMarshmallow()) {
                // 系统版本小于6.0的机型
                return true
            }
            //`````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
            val permissionState = checkSelfPermission(context, permission)
            println("self权限: $permissionState")

            when (permissionState) {
                PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED -> println("有权限")

                PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED -> println("未获取权限")
            }

            //`````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````

            val op = AppOpsManager.permissionToOp(permission)
            val appOpsManager = context.getSystemService(AppOpsManager::class.java)
            if (appOpsManager == null || TextUtils.isEmpty(op)) {
                return true
            }
            val result = appOpsManager.noteProxyOp(op, context.packageName)
            println("OPS权限: $result")

            when (result) {
                AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED -> println("有权限")

                AppOpsManager.MODE_IGNORED -> println("权限禁止")

                AppOpsManager.MODE_ERRORED -> println("出错了")

                AppOpsManager.MODE_FOREGROUND -> println("权限需要询问")
            }


            return result == AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED && permissionState == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
        }