Linux应用程序： IPC之信号量

本文介绍Linux应用编程中的一种进程间通信方法——信号量。下面的代码使用信号量机制实现了一个生产者消费者模型。

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/sem.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#define IPC_SEM_KEY_PRODUCER_READY 6666
#define IPC_SEM_KEY_CONSUMER_READY 6667

#define ARG_PRODUCER '0'
#define ARG_CONSUMER '1'

static int __ipc_sem_take(int sem_id)
{
	int ret;
	struct sembuf sem_buf[1] = { 0 };
	sem_buf[0].sem_num = 0;
        sem_buf[0].sem_op = -1;
        sem_buf[0].sem_flg = 0;
        ret = semop(sem_id, sem_buf, 1);
        if(ret < 0) {
                perror("semop");
        }
	return ret;
}

static int __ipc_sem_give(int sem_id)
{
	int ret;
	struct sembuf sem_buf[1] = { 0 };
	sem_buf[0].sem_num = 0;
        sem_buf[0].sem_op = 1;
        sem_buf[0].sem_flg = 0;
        ret = semop(sem_id, sem_buf, 1);
        if(ret < 0) {
                perror("semop");
        }
	return ret;
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	int ret;
	int sem_id_producer_ready;
	int sem_id_consumer_ready;
	if(argc != 2 || (argv[1][0] != ARG_PRODUCER && argv[1][0] != ARG_CONSUMER)) {
		printf("usage: %s [0|1]. 0: producer, 1: consumer\n", argv[0]);
		return -1;
	}
	sem_id_producer_ready = semget(IPC_SEM_KEY_PRODUCER_READY, 1, 0666 | IPC_CREAT);
	if(sem_id_producer_ready < 0) {
		perror("semget");
	}
	sem_id_consumer_ready = semget(IPC_SEM_KEY_CONSUMER_READY, 1, 0666 | IPC_CREAT);
	if(sem_id_consumer_ready < 0) {
		perror("semget");
	}

	if(argv[1][0] == ARG_PRODUCER) {
		while(1) {
			__ipc_sem_take(sem_id_consumer_ready);
            printf("producer...\n");
            __ipc_sem_give(sem_id_producer_ready);
			sleep(1);
		}
	} else {
		__ipc_sem_give(sem_id_consumer_ready);
		while(1) {
			__ipc_sem_take(sem_id_producer_ready);
			printf("consumer...\n");
			__ipc_sem_give(sem_id_consumer_ready);
		}	
	}
	return 0;
}