Linux应用程序：prctl设置线程名称

使用pthread_create()创建线程后，我们通常希望为线程设置名字，这样有利于我们debug。pthread本身提供了API用于执行此操作，也就是pthread_setname_np()，但注意这个接口的后缀np，它表示其是不可移植的，也就是有些平台无法使用（我在我的ubuntu就无法编译）。但我们还有prctl()接口，本文演示其用法。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/prctl.h>

#define errExit(err, msg) \
	do { errno = err; perror(msg); \
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } while(0)

void *__test_thread_func(void *arg)
{
	int num = *(int *)arg;
	char name[16] = { 0 };
	int ret;
	sprintf(name, "thread%d", num);
	ret = prctl(PR_SET_NAME, (unsigned long)name, NULL, NULL, NULL);
	if(ret < 0) {
		perror("prctl PR_SET_NAME");
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	while(1) {
		printf("thread %d...\n", num);
		sleep(1);
	}
}

int main()
{
	pthread_t thread1;
	pthread_t thread2;
	int arg1;
	int arg2;
	int ret;

	arg1 = 1;
	arg2 = 2;
	ret = pthread_create(&thread1, NULL, __test_thread_func, (void *)&arg1);
	if(ret) {
		errExit(ret, "create thread1");
	}

	ret = pthread_create(&thread2, NULL, __test_thread_func, (void *)&arg2);
	if(ret) {
		errExit(ret, "create thread2");
	}
	pthread_join(thread1, NULL);
	pthread_join(thread2, NULL);

	printf("test end\n");
	return 0;
}

使用下面的命令编译：

gcc -g -o test ./test.c

然后使用gdb调试，查看线程信息：

(gdb) info threads
  Id   Target Id                                  Frame 
* 1    Thread 0x7ffff7fa9740 (LWP 3285) "test"    __futex_abstimed_wait_common64
    (private=128, cancel=true, abstime=0x0, op=265, expected=3288, 
    futex_word=0x7ffff7bff910) at ./nptl/futex-internal.c:57
  2    Thread 0x7ffff7bff640 (LWP 3288) "thread1" 0x00007ffff7ce5868 in __GI___clock_nanosleep (clock_id=clock_id@entry=0, flags=flags@entry=0, 
    req=req@entry=0x7ffff7bfedd0, rem=rem@entry=0x7ffff7bfedd0)
    at ../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/clock_nanosleep.c:78
  3    Thread 0x7ffff73fe640 (LWP 3289) "thread2" 0x00007ffff7ce5868 in __GI___clock_nanosleep (clock_id=clock_id@entry=0, flags=flags@entry=0, 
    req=req@entry=0x7ffff73fddd0, rem=rem@entry=0x7ffff73fddd0)
    at ../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/clock_nanosleep.c:78

可以看到，每个线程都显示出了不同的名字。