【JAVA RSA非对称加密、解密】

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已于 2022-10-28 10:52:19 修改

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分类专栏： java 文章标签： java 开发语言

于 2022-10-26 21:26:24 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39445235/article/details/127539766

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JAVA RSA非对称加密、解密

添加了一层 Base64编码解码，安全性更高，可以省略

1.导入依赖

        <!--        糊涂工具包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
            <version>5.7.20</version>
        </dependency>

2.main方法

demo.java

package key;

import cn.hutool.core.codec.Base64;

import java.util.Map;

public class demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

//        生成公钥 和 私钥
        Map<Integer,String> keyMap = RSATestUtils.genKeyPair();
        System.out.println("随机生成的公钥为 : " + keyMap.get(0));
        System.out.println("随机生成的私钥为 : " + keyMap.get(1));

//        原数据
        String data = "Do you like VAN 游戏 ";
        System.out.println("加密前内容 : "+data);

//        1.使用AES（公钥）加密数据
        String dataAES = RSATestUtils.encrypt(data, keyMap.get(0));
        System.out.println("加密后的内容为 : " + dataAES);

//        2.使用Base64进行编码
        String dateBase64 = Base64.encode(dataAES);
        System.out.println("编码后的内容为 = " + dateBase64);

//        3.使用Base64进行解码
        String dataAESEnd = Base64.decodeStr(dateBase64);
        System.out.println("解码后的数据 = " + dataAESEnd);

//        4.使用AES（私钥）解密数据
        String dataNew = RSATestUtils.decrypt(dataAESEnd,keyMap.get(1));
        System.out.println("解密后的数据 : " + dataNew);

    }
}

3.RSA工具类

转自 JAVA RSA非对称加密工具类

RSATestUtils.java

package key;

import org.apache.tomcat.util.codec.binary.Base64;
import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.security.*;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
 
/**
 * @Author: JCccc
 * @Description:
 * @Date: 2020/11/17 9:05
 */
public class RSATestUtils {
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //生成公钥和私钥
        Map<Integer,String> keyMap = genKeyPair();
        //加密字符串
        String content = "JCccc-+你/好,我是需要被*加*密*的*内*容。";
        System.out.println("加密前内容:"+content);
        System.out.println("随机生成的公钥为:" + keyMap.get(0));
        System.out.println("随机生成的私钥为:" + keyMap.get(1));
        String messageEn = encrypt(content, keyMap.get(0));
        System.out.println("加密后的内容为:" + messageEn);
        String messageDe = decrypt(messageEn, keyMap.get(1));
        System.out.println("还原后的内容为:" + messageDe);
    }
 
    //随机生成密钥对
    public static Map genKeyPair() {
        // KeyPairGenerator类用于生成公钥和私钥对，基于RSA算法生成对象
        KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = null;
 
        try {
            keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
 
        // 初始化密钥对生成器，密钥大小为96-1024位
        assert keyPairGen != null;
        keyPairGen.initialize(1024, new SecureRandom());
        // 生成一个密钥对，保存在keyPair中
        KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
        RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();   // 得到私钥
        RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();  // 得到公钥
        String publicKeyString = new String(Base64.encodeBase64(publicKey.getEncoded()));
        // 得到私钥字符串
        String privateKeyString = new String(Base64.encodeBase64((privateKey.getEncoded())));
        // 将公钥和私钥保存到Map
        Map<Integer, String> keyMap = new HashMap<>();
        keyMap.put(0, publicKeyString);  //0表示公钥
        keyMap.put(1, privateKeyString);  //1表示私钥
        return keyMap;
    }
 
    /** RSA公钥加密
     * @param str  加密字符串
     * @param publicKey  公钥
     * @return  密文
     */
    public static String encrypt(String str, String publicKey) {
        //base64编码的公钥
        byte[] decoded = Base64.decodeBase64(publicKey);
        RSAPublicKey pubKey = null;
        String outStr = null;
 
        try {
            pubKey = (RSAPublicKey) KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(decoded));
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, pubKey);
            outStr = Base64.encodeBase64String(cipher.doFinal(str.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
        } catch (InvalidKeySpecException | BadPaddingException | IllegalBlockSizeException | InvalidKeyException | NoSuchPaddingException | NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        //RSA加密
        return outStr;
    }
 
    /**  RSA私钥解密
     * @param str   加密字符串
     * @param privateKey  私钥
     * @return  铭文
     */
    public static String decrypt(String str, String privateKey) {
        //64位解码加密后的字符串
        byte[] inputByte = Base64.decodeBase64(str.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
        //base64编码的私钥
        byte[] decoded = Base64.decodeBase64(privateKey);
        RSAPrivateKey priKey = null;
        //RSA解密
        Cipher cipher = null;
        String outStr = null;
 
        try {
            priKey = (RSAPrivateKey) KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePrivate(new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decoded));
            cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, priKey);
            outStr = new String(cipher.doFinal(inputByte));
        } catch (InvalidKeySpecException | NoSuchAlgorithmException | NoSuchPaddingException | BadPaddingException | IllegalBlockSizeException | InvalidKeyException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return outStr;
    }
}

略、Base64工具类（糊涂工具包自带的更好用）

Base64Utils.java

package key;
import sun.misc.BASE64Decoder;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Base64;

public class Base64Utils {

    /**
     * 加密Base64
     * 传入字符串
     */
    public static String encode(String str) {
        Base64.Encoder encoder = Base64.getEncoder();
        byte[] bytes  = encoder.encode(str.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
        return new String(bytes, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
    }


      /**
        * 解密Base64
        * 传入字符串
        */
      public static String decoding(String str) {
            BASE64Decoder base64decoder = new BASE64Decoder();
            try {
                byte[] encodeByte = base64decoder.decodeBuffer(str);
                return new String(encodeByte);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                return str;
            }
      }


    /**
     * 将二进制转换成16进制
     *
     * @param buf
     * @return
     */
    public static String parseByte2HexStr(byte buf[]) {
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        for (int i = 0; i < buf.length; i++) {
            String hex = Integer.toHexString(buf[i] & 0xFF);
            if (hex.length() == 1) {
                hex = '0' + hex;
            }
            sb.append(hex.toUpperCase());
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    /**
     * 将16进制转换为二进制
     *
     * @param hexStr
     * @return
     */
    public static byte[] parseHexStr2Byte(String hexStr) {
        if (hexStr.length() < 1)
            return null;
        byte[] result = new byte[hexStr.length() / 2];
        for (int i = 0; i < hexStr.length() / 2; i++) {
            int high = Integer.parseInt(hexStr.substring(i * 2, i * 2 + 1), 16);
            int low = Integer.parseInt(hexStr.substring(i * 2 + 1, i * 2 + 2), 16);
            result[i] = (byte) (high * 16 + low);
        }
        return result;
    }
}