Python面试题2021年8月4日
1. a = ’ python ’ 清除a字符串左右两边的空格
a = ' python '
方法一,切片
a[1:]
'python '
方法二,使用函数
a.lstrip(' ')
'python '
2. a = ‘abc-23-efg’ 提取字符串a中的数字
a = 'abc-23-efg'
方法一 正则提取
import re
print(a)
print(re.findall('\d',a))
print(re.findall("[\d]+",a))
abc-23-efg
['2', '3']
['23']
方法二 循环遍历
num = []
for i in range(len(a)):
if a[i].isdigit():
num.append(a[i])
print(num)
['2', '3']
3. python中有哪些数据类型
内置类型
int,float,str,list,tuple,dict,bool,None,set
自定义类型
class
4.a=[1,2,3,4,5.6,7,8,9]返回a中的奇数组成的列表
a=[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
方法一 切片法
a[::2]
[1, 3, 5, 7, 9]
方法二 循环遍历
res = []
for i in a:
if i %2==1:
res.append(i)
print(res)
print([i for i in a if i%2==1])
[1, 3, 5, 7, 9]
[1, 3, 5, 7, 9]
5.打开当前文件夹下的a.txt文件,并打印每一行
手动打开与关闭
f = open('a.txt')
for i in f:
print(i)
f.close()
1
2
3
4
5
6
不需要手动关闭文件,释放资源
with open('a.txt') as f:
for i in f:
print(i)
1
2
3
4
5
6
有如下代码:
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame([(bird", ‘Falconiformes’,389.0),
(‘bird" , ‘Psittaciformes’,24.0),(mammal’,‘Carnivora’,80.2),(‘mammal’.“Primates”,np.nan),(mammal’,‘Carnivora’,58)],
index=[‘falcon’, ‘parrot’, ‘lion’, ‘monkey’,‘leopard’],columns=(class", "order’ ,‘max_speed’))
6.获取 df列名/重命名order列为new_order :
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
df = pd.DataFrame([('bird', 'Falconiformes',389.0),
('bird' , 'Psittaciformes',24.0),
('mammal','Carnivora',80.2),
('mammal',"Primates",np.nan),
('mammal','Carnivora',58)],
index=['falcon', 'parrot', 'lion', 'monkey','leopard'],
columns=('class', 'order' ,'max_speed'))
df
| class | order | max_speed |
---|
falcon | bird | Falconiformes | 389.0 |
---|
parrot | bird | Psittaciformes | 24.0 |
---|
lion | mammal | Carnivora | 80.2 |
---|
monkey | mammal | Primates | NaN |
---|
leopard | mammal | Carnivora | 58.0 |
---|
获取列名
df.index.tolist()
['falcon', 'parrot', 'lion', 'monkey', 'leopard']
将order 重命名为new_order
res = df.columns.tolist()
res[1] = 'new_order'
df.columns = tuple(res)
df
| class | new_order | max_speed |
---|
falcon | bird | Falconiformes | 389.0 |
---|
parrot | bird | Psittaciformes | 24.0 |
---|
lion | mammal | Carnivora | 80.2 |
---|
monkey | mammal | Primates | NaN |
---|
leopard | mammal | Carnivora | 58.0 |
---|