Linux常用命令
shutdown | shutdown [选项] [时间] [警告信息] |
shutdown -k 准备关机 | |
shutdown -r 5 | |
shutdown -h now | |
shutdown -c | |
shutdown -r now “我要重启了” | |
halt | 调用“shutdown -h now”命令执行关机 |
reboot | 相当于“shutdown -r now” |
help | [命令] --help |
ls --help 调取出ls命令的帮助信息 | |
History | 查看命令历史 |
history 30 | |
pwd | 显示当前所处工作目录的绝对路径 |
cd | cd 路径 |
cd .. | |
cd . | |
cd - | |
cd ~ | |
cd /home | |
ls | 列出当前目录文件夹和文件的信息 |
ls -a /home | |
ls -l | |
touch | touch file |
touch -t 1705031111 file | |
touch -c file | |
mkdir | mkdir test |
mkdir -p /home/test01/test02 | |
rmdir | rmdir test |
cp | cp a b |
cp -a a/ b/ | |
cp -f a b/ | |
cp -r a/ b/ | |
mv | mv a b |
mv -f a /b | |
rm | rm -r test |
rm -f test | |
wc | wc file |
wc -c file | |
wc -c file | |
wc -l file | |
wc -w file | |
cat | cat file |
cat -n file | |
cat -b file | |
cat -s file | |
more | more file |
more -20 file | |
more +20 file | |
head | head file |
head -5 file | |
tail | tail file |
tail -5 file | |
grep | grep ‘test’ file |
grep -i ‘test’ file | |
find | find / -name test |
find / -cmin -5 | |
find / -ctime -3 | |
file filename | |
hostname | 显示主机名称 |
cal | 显示日历 |
date | 显示当前系统时间 |
date +%Y-%m-%d' '%H:%M:%S | |
date -s "2017-05-02 12:12:12" | |
echo | echo 我是一段文字 |
clear | 清除屏幕上的信息 |
uptime | 显示现在时间,系统运行时长,当前登录用户数,系统在过去的1分钟、5分钟、15分钟内CPU的负载情况 |
ps | 显示进程信息 |
ps -ef|grep test | |
kill | 杀死进程 |
kill -9 233 | |
chmod | chmod u+w file |
chmod g-r file | |
chmod o=x file | |
chmod +wr file | |
u:所有者 | |
"+":添加某权限 | |
r:可读 | |
chmod 006 file | |
第一个数字代表所有者,第二个数字代表用户组,第三个数字代表其他用户 | |
r:代表数值为4 | |
chown | chown Once file |
chown -R Once test/ | |
chgrp | chgrp Once file |
chgrp -R Once test/ 递归修改test文件夹以及文件夹里面的文件用户组为Once | |
/etc | /etc/passwd |
/etc/shadow | |
useradd | useradd newuser |
useradd -g Once newuser | |
useradd -G Once newuser | |
useradd -d /home/new newuser | |
useradd -u 666 newuser | |
passwd | passwd newuser |
usermod | usermod -g Once olduser |
usermod -G Once olduser | |
usermod -l newname oldname | |
usermod -u 888 olduser | |
userdel | userdel -r olduser 删除用户olduser并删除对应的宿主目录,不加-r参数则不删除对应目录 |
groupadd | groupadd newgroup |
groupadd -g 666 newgroup | |
groupmod | groupmod -g 888 oldgroup |
groupmod -n newname oldname | |
groupdel | groupdel oldgroup |
gpasswd | gpasswd -a Once oldgroup |
gpasswd -d Once oldgroup | |
gpasswd Once | |
gpasswd -r Once | |
groups | groups Once |
passwd | passwd -d Once |
passwd -l Once | |
passwd -u Once | |
passwd -S Once | |
chage | chage -m 0 Once |
chage -M 99999 Once | |
chage -d 2017-05-03 Once | |
chage -I 0 Once | |
chage -I(大写i) 1 Once | |
chage -E 2019-01-01 Once | |
chage -W 7 Once | |
chage -l(小写L) Once | |
chage Once | |
/ect目录 | /etc/passwd |
/etc/shadow | |
/etc/group | |
/etc/gshadow | |
/etc/skel | |
/etc/login.defs |