10-状态模式-行为模式

参考：设计模式之禅

1. 例子

public abstract class LiftState {
    // 环境角色，封装状态变化引起的功能变化
    protected Context context;
    public void setContext(Context context) {
        this.context = context;
    }
    public abstract void open();
    public abstract void close();
    public abstract void run();
    public abstract void stop();
}

public class OpenningState extends LiftState {
    @Override
    public void open() {
        System.out.println("电梯门开启");
    }
    @Override
    public void close() {
        // 环境状态的变化
        super.context.setLiftState(Context.CLOSING_STATE);
        // 动作委托给OPENNING_STATE完成
        super.context.getLiftState().close();
    }
    @Override
    public void run() {
        // do nothing
    }
    @Override
    public void stop() {
        // do nothing
    }
}
public class ClosingState extends LiftState {
    @Override
    public void open() {
        super.context.setLiftState(Context.OPENNING_STATE);
        super.context.getLiftState().open();
    }
    @Override
    public void close() {
        System.out.println("电梯门关闭...");
    }
    @Override
    public void run() {
        super.context.setLiftState(Context.RUNNING_STATE);
        super.context.getLiftState().run();
    }
    @Override
    public void stop() {
        super.context.setLiftState(Context.STOPING_STATE);
        super.context.getLiftState().stop();
    }
}
public class RunningState extends LiftState {
    @Override
    public void open() {
        // do nothing
    }
    @Override
    public void close() {
        // do nothing
    }
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("电梯运行。。。");
    }
    @Override
    public void stop() {
        super.context.setLiftState(Context.STOPING_STATE);
        super.context.getLiftState().stop();
    }
}
public class StopingState extends LiftState {
    @Override
    public void open() {
        super.context.setLiftState(Context.OPENNING_STATE);
        super.context.getLiftState().open();
    }
    @Override
    public void close() {
        // do nothing
    }
    @Override
    public void run() {
        super.context.setLiftState(Context.RUNNING_STATE);
        super.context.getLiftState().run();
    }
    @Override
    public void stop() {
        System.out.println("电梯停止了...");
    }
}

public class Context {
    public static final OpenningState OPENNING_STATE = new OpenningState();
    public static final ClosingState CLOSING_STATE = new ClosingState();
    public static final RunningState RUNNING_STATE = new RunningState();
    public static final StopingState STOPING_STATE = new StopingState();
    private LiftState liftState;
    public LiftState getLiftState() {
        return this.liftState;
    }
    public void setLiftState(LiftState liftState) {
        this.liftState = liftState;
        // 把当前环境通知到各个实现类中
        this.liftState.setContext(this);
    }
    public void open() {
        this.liftState.open();
    }
    public void close() {
        this.liftState.close();
    }
    public void run() {
        this.liftState.run();
    }
    public void stop() {
        this.liftState.stop();
    }
}

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Context context = new Context();
        context.setLiftState(Context.OPENNING_STATE);
        context.open();
        context.close();
        context.run();
        context.stop();
    }
}

2.定义

允许一个对象在其内部状态改变时改变它的行为，对象看起来似乎修改了它的类。

3. 参考资料

• https://refactoringguru.cn/design-patterns/state