C#的提交表单方式主要有两种WebClient与HttpWebRequest,restsharp
WebClient最大的不同之处在于HttpWebRequest更灵活,也更强大,比如,HttpWebRequest支持Cookie,而WebClient就不支持,因此,如果要登录某个网站才能进行某些操作的时候,HttpWebResponse就派上用场了。
WebClient是可以操作Cookie的,因为Cookie本质上就是个字符串,只要服务器返回的头是“SetCooie:xxx”,所以,按照返回的格式做下处理(不能原样返回,具体可以抓包分析下格式),存起来,然后在HTTP请求头上加上“Cookie:xxx”即可
首先要提下Referer还有Cookie
Referer:就是一般在浏览器中发送Http请求时带的头信息,被广泛用来统计点击信息,即从那个点击而来,所以有些网站也会用这个性质来防盗链,很多时候如果什么图片仅限内部交流之类的,就是用了这个原理。
Cookie:某些网站为了辨别用户身份、进行session跟踪而储存在用户本地终端上的数据(通常经过加密),通常大家登录的时候就要用到它,登录后,网站会储存一个Cookie的东西在本地计算机上,然后每次访问网站时,便会把这个网站的Cookie也一并发送过去,服务器就凭借这个来确认你的身份。它是个重要信息,有些黑客也会通过盗取Cookie的方式来侵入你的账户。
webClient(get)
//第一种
//这里即为传递的参数,可以用工具抓包分析,也可以自己分析,主要是form里面每一个name都要加进来
using (WebClient webClient = new WebClient())
{
string url="http://localhost:21021/Test/GetUpdateLog?Version=" + _Version;
//Console.WriteLine("Sending an HTTP GET request to " + url);
byte[] bResponse = webClient.DownloadData(url);
string strResponse = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bResponse);
return strResponse;//直接返回结果 返回后再去序列化
//var aaaa= JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<dynamic>(jsondata);
}
//第二种
string uri = "http://localhost:21021/Test/GetUpdateLog?Version=" + _Version;
WebClient wc = new WebClient();
Console.WriteLine("Sending an HTTP GET request to " + uri);
Stream st = wc.OpenRead(uri);
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(st);
string res = sr.ReadToEnd();
sr.Close();
st.Close();
Console.WriteLine("HTTP Response is ");
Console.WriteLine(res);
后台接收
[HttpGet]
public ActionResult GetUpdateLog(string Version)
{
//逻辑代码
return Json(new { ok = false, msg = "null", data = "返回的实体" });
}
webClient (post)
//这里即为传递的参数,可以用工具抓包分析,也可以自己分析,主要是form里面每一个name都要加进来
string postString = "arg1=a&arg2=b";//也可以传json 比如datatable转成json,服务端接收时用list<model>
byte[] postData = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postString);//编码,尤其是汉字,事先要看下抓取网页的编码方式
string url = "http://localhost/register.php";//地址
using (WebClient webClient = new WebClient())
{
webClient.Headers.Add("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8");//采取POST方式必须加的header,如果改为GET方式的话就去掉这句话即可
byte[] responseData = webClient.UploadData(url, "POST", postData);//得到返回字符流
string srcString = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(responseData);//解码
var DynamicObject = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<dynamic>(srcString);
string aa = DynamicObject.result;//返回的结果中的项
//List<dynamic> model = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<dynamic>>(aa);将json反序列化
return aa;
}
后台接收
[HttpPost]
public string YLBSynchronous(List<YLBModel> YLB)
{
//Model是一个实体类
return xqgmd=YLB[0].HDL_C;
}
传文件
try
{
var fileName = System.IO.Path.GetFileName(filePath);
var client = new RestClient("http://127.0.0.1/api/uploadfile");
var request = new RestRequest(Method.POST);
request.AlwaysMultipartFormData = true;
request.AddHeader("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data");
request.AddFile("file", filePath);
request.AddParameter("multipart/form-data", fileName, ParameterType.RequestBody);
var response = client.Execute(request);
return response.StatusCode == System.Net.HttpStatusCode.OK;
}
catch
{
return false;
}
HttpWebRequest 发送数据接受数据跟WebClient一样
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("POST请求的地址");
request.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
CookieContainer cookie = request.CookieContainer;//如果用不到Cookie,删去即可
//以下是发送的http头,随便加,其中referer挺重要的,有些网站会根据这个来反盗链
request.Referer = “http://localhost/index.php”;
request.Accept = "Accept:text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8";
request.Headers["Accept-Language"] = "zh-CN,zh;q=0.";
request.Headers["Accept-Charset"] = "GBK,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3";
request.UserAgent = "User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/535.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/14.0.835.202 Safari/535.1";
request.KeepAlive = true;
//上面的http头看情况而定,但是下面俩必须加
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
request.Method = "POST";
Encoding encoding = Encoding.UTF8;//根据网站的编码自定义
byte[] postData = encoding.GetBytes(postDataStr);//postDataStr即为发送的数据,格式还是和上次说的一样
request.ContentLength = postData.Length;
Stream requestStream = request.GetRequestStream();
requestStream.Write(postData, 0, postData.Length);
HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream();
//如果http头中接受gzip的话,这里就要判断是否为有压缩,有的话,直接解压缩即可
if (response.Headers["Content-Encoding"] != null && response.Headers["Content-Encoding"].ToLower().Contains("gzip"))
{
responseStream = new GZipStream(responseStream, CompressionMode.Decompress);
}
StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(responseStream, encoding);
string retString = streamReader.ReadToEnd();
streamReader.Close();
responseStream.Close();
return retString;
restsharp
第三种方式详见我另一篇文章
winform通过restsharp调用api接口登录及其它接口_香煎三文鱼的博客-CSDN博客_restsharp 登录