一个Linux下C线程池的实现

转自：http://blog.163.com/code_fantasitic0/blog/static/187050004201210210105728/

linux c 下线程池

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <assert.h>

/*
*线程池里所有运行和等待的任务都是一个CThread_worker
*由于所有任务都在链表里，所以是一个链表结构
*/
typedef struct worker
{
	/*回调函数，任务运行时会调用此函数，注意也可声明成其它形式*/
	void *(*process) (void *arg);
	void *arg;/*回调函数的参数*/
	struct worker *next;

} CThread_worker;


/*线程池结构*/
typedef struct
{
	 pthread_mutex_t queue_lock;
	 pthread_cond_t queue_ready;

	/*链表结构，线程池中所有等待任务*/
	 CThread_worker *queue_head;

	/*是否销毁线程池*/
	int shutdown;
	 pthread_t *threadid;
	/*线程池中允许的活动线程数目*/
	int max_thread_num;
	/*当前等待队列的任务数目*/
	int cur_queue_size;

} CThread_pool;


int pool_add_worker (void *(*process) (void *arg), void *arg);
void *thread_routine (void *arg);


static CThread_pool *pool = NULL;
void
pool_init (int max_thread_num)
{
	 pool = (CThread_pool *) malloc (sizeof (CThread_pool));

	 pthread_mutex_init (&(pool->queue_lock), NULL);
	 pthread_cond_init (&(pool->queue_ready), NULL);

	 pool->queue_head = NULL;

	 pool->max_thread_num = max_thread_num;
	 pool->cur_queue_size = 0;

	 pool->shutdown = 0;

	 pool->threadid =
		 (pthread_t *) malloc (max_thread_num * sizeof (pthread_t));
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < max_thread_num; i++)
	 {
		 pthread_create (&(pool->threadid[i]), NULL, thread_routine,
				 NULL);
	 }
}


/*向线程池中加入任务*/
int
pool_add_worker (void *(*process) (void *arg), void *arg)
{
	/*构造一个新任务*/
	 CThread_worker *newworker =
		 (CThread_worker *) malloc (sizeof (CThread_worker));
	 newworker->process = process;
	 newworker->arg = arg;
	 newworker->next = NULL;/*别忘置空*/

	 pthread_mutex_lock (&(pool->queue_lock));
	/*将任务加入到等待队列中*/
	 CThread_worker *member = pool->queue_head;
	if (member != NULL)
	 {
		while (member->next != NULL)
			 member = member->next;
		 member->next = newworker;
	 }
	else
	 {
		 pool->queue_head = newworker;
	 }

	 assert (pool->queue_head != NULL);

	 pool->cur_queue_size++;
	 pthread_mutex_unlock (&(pool->queue_lock));
	/*好了，等待队列中有任务了，唤醒一个等待线程；
	 注意如果所有线程都在忙碌，这句没有任何作用*/
	 pthread_cond_signal (&(pool->queue_ready));
	return 0;
}


/*销毁线程池，等待队列中的任务不会再被执行，但是正在运行的线程会一直
把任务运行完后再退出*/
int
pool_destroy ()
{
	if (pool->shutdown)
		return -1;/*防止两次调用*/
	 pool->shutdown = 1;

	/*唤醒所有等待线程，线程池要销毁了*/
	 pthread_cond_broadcast (&(pool->queue_ready));

	/*阻塞等待线程退出，否则就成僵尸了*/
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < pool->max_thread_num; i++)
		 pthread_join (pool->threadid[i], NULL);
	 free (pool->threadid);

	/*销毁等待队列*/
	 CThread_worker *head = NULL;
	while (pool->queue_head != NULL)
	 {
		 head = pool->queue_head;
		 pool->queue_head = pool->queue_head->next;
		 free (head);
	 }
	/*条件变量和互斥量也别忘了销毁*/
	 pthread_mutex_destroy(&(pool->queue_lock));
	 pthread_cond_destroy(&(pool->queue_ready));
	
	 free (pool);
	/*销毁后指针置空是个好习惯*/
	 pool=NULL;
	return 0;
}


void *
thread_routine (void *arg)
{
	 printf ("starting thread 0x%x\n", pthread_self ());
	while (1)
	 {
		 pthread_mutex_lock (&(pool->queue_lock));
		/*如果等待队列为0并且不销毁线程池，则处于阻塞状态; 注意
		 pthread_cond_wait是一个原子操作，等待前会解锁，唤醒后会加锁*/
		while (pool->cur_queue_size == 0 && !pool->shutdown)
		 {
			 printf ("thread 0x%x is waiting\n", pthread_self ());
			 pthread_cond_wait (&(pool->queue_ready), &(pool->queue_lock));
		 }

		/*线程池要销毁了*/
		if (pool->shutdown)
		 {
			/*遇到break,continue,return等跳转语句，千万不要忘记先解锁*/
			 pthread_mutex_unlock (&(pool->queue_lock));
			 printf ("thread 0x%x will exit\n", pthread_self ());
			 pthread_exit (NULL);
		 }

		 printf ("thread 0x%x is starting to work\n", pthread_self ());

		/*assert是调试的好帮手*/
		 assert (pool->cur_queue_size != 0);
		 assert (pool->queue_head != NULL);
		
		/*等待队列长度减去1，并取出链表中的头元素*/
		 pool->cur_queue_size--;
		 CThread_worker *worker = pool->queue_head;
		 pool->queue_head = worker->next;
		 pthread_mutex_unlock (&(pool->queue_lock));

		/*调用回调函数，执行任务*/
		 (*(worker->process)) (worker->arg);
		 free (worker);
		 worker = NULL;
	 }
	/*这一句应该是不可达的*/
	 pthread_exit (NULL);
}

//下面是测试代码

void *
myprocess (void *arg)
{
	 printf ("threadid is 0x%x, working on task %d\n", pthread_self (),*(int *) arg);
	 sleep (1);/*休息一秒，延长任务的执行时间*/
	return NULL;
}

int
main (int argc, char **argv)
{
	 pool_init (3);/*线程池中最多三个活动线程*/
	
	/*连续向池中投入10个任务*/
	int *workingnum = (int *) malloc (sizeof (int) * 10);
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
	 {
		 workingnum[i] = i;
		 pool_add_worker (myprocess, &workingnum[i]);
	 }
	/*等待所有任务完成*/
	 sleep (5);
	/*销毁线程池*/
	 pool_destroy ();

	 free (workingnum);
	return 0;
}